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The Holocaust united Jews (esp. the U.S.)
for the idea of a Jewish state and
WWII weakened the British.
The U.N. Partition Plan 1947
Palestine divided between the Jews and the Arabs; Jerusalem
internationalized
Three More Wars• War in the Sinai (1956) - Raids and reprisals between the
Arabs and Israel, and Egypt's seizure of the Suez Canal, led to Israel's invasion of the Sinai Peninsula. Israel withdrew in 1957 after its access to the Persian Gulf was guaranteed by the United Nations.
• Six Day War (1967 War): Israel captured Sinai Peninsula, Golan Heights, the West Bank, the Old City of Jerusalem (which Israel later annexed), and Gaza. The war ended by a U.N.-arranged cease-fire. The United States called on the Israelis to withdraw from occupied territories but did not specify how much land it should give up.
• Yom Kippur War (1973) - Egypt and Syria launched a joint attack on Israel on the Jewish holy day, Yom Kippur, to regain lost territory. Caught off-guard, Israel took several days to mobilize, suffering heavy casualties, but it forced the opposition back. Establishes Israel as the dominant military power in the region
Camp David Accords 1979
• U.S. President Jimmy Carter, Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat. Egypt and Israel signed the first peace treaty between Israel and an Arab nation. It formally ended the state of war that had existed between them for 30 years. In return for Egypt's recognition of Israel's right to exist, Israel returned the Sinai Peninsula. The two nations also formally established diplomatic relations.
Oslo Accords 1993• Secret negotiations between Israel and the PLO
resulted in a treaty that included mutual recognition, limited self-rule for Palestinians
Arafat and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin agreed to work towards a Palestinian state
Identifications
• OPEC
• Refugee
• Intifada
• Occupied territories
• Camp David Accords
• Oslo Accords
• Nationalism
• Shatt-al-Arab
“Road Map” to Peace 2003
• A plan developed by the European Union, Russia, UN, and United States and presented to the Palestinian Authority and the Israeli government. A three phase peace process that culminates with the creation of a Palestinian state.