ADVANCED WATER DESALINATION

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REVERSE OSMOSIS VS ARBOKTM

DESALINATIONTECHNOLOGY

COMPLEXITY OF RO DESALINATION PROCESS

The high cost of electricity to operate and RO unit (3-5 kWhr/m3 of permeate to desalt seawater)

ECONOMIC

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Disposal of concentrated brine in sensitive marine environments can be harmful and require difficult to acquire and expensive permits.

ENVIRONMENTAL

Complex with many moving parts, expensive consumables and dangerous chemicals.

OPERATIONAL

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SIMPLICITY OF ARBOKTM

DESALINATION PROCESS

Electrical consumption less than 30% of SWRO (~1-1.5 kWhr/m3 of permeate to desalt seawater)

LOW OPERATING COST

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Products of the process are pure water and solid salt – no brine discharge. Discharge permits which can be difficult to obtain are NOT required.

Few moving parts, no chemicals in desalination process, no dangerous high pressure pumps and piping or loud noises.

SIMPLE OPERATION

ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY

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FINANCIAL BENEFITS OF OUR APPROACH

ArbokTM plants have low energy consumption and low maintenance costs which allow us to produce water for you very affordably.

For a 5000 m3/day plant operating with an electricity cost of US 0.25/kWhr that is a savings in yearly electrical costs of between US $913,000 and $1,600,000.

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The plants can be installed and operating in a few short months.

ArbokTM plants are scalable. Structural elements can be added for increased water production. Standard plant sizes are presently 1,000 – 5000 M3/day (264,000 –1,320,000 Gal per day). Larger plant construction can be made available.

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LOGISTICAL BENEFITS OF OUR APPROACH

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Our technology is unique, truly green and environmentally safe. Almost all incoming feed water (96.5%) is fully desalinated.

There is NO concentrated brine returned to the ocean which can be potentially harmful to marine life.

ArbokTM technology desalts seawater with three times less energy than SWRO (1-1.5 vs. 3-5 kWhr/m3). This much lower electrical consumption creates a significantly smaller carbon foot print. The energy consumption is so low that ArbokTM plants can be practically powered with renewable energy sources.

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ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF OUR APPROACH

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ADVANTAGES OF ARBOKTM TECHNOLOGY IN SEAWATER DESALTING

ECONOMIC

ECONOMIC

ECONOMIC

OPERATIONAL

OPERATIONAL

1-1.5 kWhr/m3.

No consumable items

No brine discharge

Operates at atmospheric pressure

No moving parts in ArbokTM low temperature, thermal desalination units.

Specific Energy Consumption 3-5 kWhr/m3

High cost for consumable items (i.e. membranes, chemicals,high pressure pistons, seals, valves., etc.)

Requires lengthy and expensive environmental studiesand permit for brine discharge in most jurisdictions

Potentially dangerous high pressure pumps and piping 56 – 70 kgr/cm (800-1000 PSI)

Many moving parts that require spares, maintenance and replacement parts (pumps, motors, energy recover devices, valves, etc.

ARBOKTM REVERSE OSMOSIS

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HEALTH BENEFITSOF ARBOKTM TECHNOLOGY

All viruses, germs, and bacteria are completely destroyed so the water does not require additional chemical and/or ultraviolet treatment at point of use.

Several independent labs in Europe have conducted quality verification testing of our desalinated water which have verified the water to be of high quality and in full compliance with European Standards for potable water (see results in Appendix).

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ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITSOF USING ARBOKTM TECHNOLOGY

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Practically all incoming feed water is fully desalinated (96.5%)

There is absolutely no concentrated brine returned to the ocean.

Reduced energy consumption means not only low cost of water but also enables the use of alternative, “green” energy sources.

An ArbokTM plant can be safely located in any residential district as it is clean, quiet, “green” and not harmful to the environment in any way!

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WATER RISK ATLAS AND DESALINATION INDUSTRY

About 71 percent of the Earth's surface is water-covered,

and the oceans hold about 96.5 percent of all Earth's

water

Only about 1% is available for drinking

80 countries suffered from water

scarcity by the mid-1990s 1.5 billion people lack

immediate access to drinking water

DESALINATION INDUSTRY IS REALLY FASCINATING : OVER 80 MILLION M3/DAY OF WATER IS PRODUCED AND 300 MILLION PEOPLE RELAY ON DESALINATED WATER DAILY..

www.wri.org/applications/maps/aqueduct-atlas/

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WATER ANALYSISLaboratory Water Analysis performed by an independent European Laboratory on the feed water to the ArbokTM process and product water after.

DETERMINATION

ConductivitypHHardnessTotal Dissolved Solids (TDS)

Sulphates (SO42-)Nitrate (NO3-)Nitrite (NO2-)Chloride (Cl-)

Boron (B)Calcium (Ca)Magnesium (Mg)Sodium (Na)

METHOD

M/CONM/pHM/CTHM/TDS

M/SO4

M/NO3

M/NO2

M/Cl

M/3-ICPM/3-ICPM/3-ICPM/3-ICP

APHA 2510APHA 4500-HAPHA 2340APHA 2540-C

ASTM D516APHA 4500-NO3

APHA 4500-NO2

APHA 4500-Cl

ISO11885:2009ISO11885:2009ISO11885:2009ISO11885:2009

FEED WATER RESULT

275258,1322619268

157,14,020,054088

0,4131,842,42355

GREATEST DRINKING WATER LIMITS

25006,5–9,5……

25050,00,50250

1,015080200

UNITS

µS/cm…mg/L as CaCO3

mg/L

mg/Lmg/Lmg/Lmg/L

mg/Lmg/Lmg/Lmg/L

OUTPUT WATER RESULT

12107,94……

306,580,0931

0,0222,512,821,4

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MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

PARAMETER

Total Aerobic Count at 36˚ColiformsE.coliIntestinal EnterococciPseudomonas aeruginosa

METHOD

ISO 6222:1999ISO 9308-1:2014ISO 9308-1:2014ISO 7899-2:2000ISO 16266:2008

FEED WATER RESULT

2,9x102

>100>100>1000

UNITS

cfu/mlcfu/100mlcfu/100mlcfu/100mlcfu/100ml

OUTPUT WATER RESULT

<40000

Laboratory Analysis performed by an independent European Laboratory on the feed water to the ArbokTM process and product water after.

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CONTACT US

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