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8/13/2019 ARCHES.pdf
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An arch is a structure that spans a space and supportsstructure and weight above it. Arches appeared asearly as the 2nd millennium BC in Mesopotamianbrick architecture and their systematic use startedwith the Ancient Romans who were the first to applythe technique to a wide range of structures.
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STONEHENGE TEMPLE AT KARNAK, EGYPT
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SHRINE OF SETI, KARNAK LION GATE, MYCENAE
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ENTRANCE, PYRAMID OFKHUFU BARNACK CHURCH TOWER
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THOLOS OF ATREUS, MYCENAE TEMPLE COMPLEX, BOROBODUR
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CIRCULAR POINTED PARABOLIC
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ROUNDED
ARCH
Arches witha circular form, alsoreferred to as roundedarch, were commonlyemployed by thebuilders of ancient,heavy masonry arches.Ancient Roman buildersrelied heavily on therounded arch to spanlarge, open areas.Several rounded archesplaced in-line, end-to-end, form an arcade,such as the Romanaqueduct.
ROMAN AQUADUCT, NIMES
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STILTED
ARCH
Stilted arch are arches inwhich the springing lineis some distance abovethe impost, the spacebetween being occupiedby a vertical member,molded or ornamented,as a continuation of thearchivolt, intrados, etc.
COURT OF THE LIONS, GRANADA
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HORSESHOE
ARCH
The horseshoe arch,also called the Moorisharch and the Keyholearch, is theemblematic arch ofIslamic architecture.They were formerlyconstructed in VisigothicSpain. Horseshoe archescan take rounded,pointed or lobed form.
DOUBLE HORSESHOE ARCH, LISBON
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LANCET
ARCH
A lancet window is a
tall,
narrow window with a
pointed arch at its
top. It acquired the
"lancet" name fromits resemblance to
a lance. Instances of
thisarchitectural motif
are typical of Gothicecclesiastical
structures of the
earliest period.
YORK MINSTER, ENGLAND
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TUDOR
ARCH
The Four-centered or
Tudor Arch has an
inner set of curves or
arcs with a radius
much greater than
threat of the outerpair.
KING’S COLLEGE CHAPEL, CAMBRIDGE
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OGEE
ARCH
The Ogee Curve iscreated using by theunion of a concave and aconvex arch. The resultlooks a bit like an S. This
is used at the top ofarches as well as for theprofile of mouldings.The ogee arch is Gothicin design.Other variations are:
Ogee Four-centeredarch and Ogee CymaReversa arch. Similar isthe Oriental Arch.
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PARABOLIC
ARCH
Parabolas have the
shape of the curve
created when a plane
intersects a cone at
right angles.
Of any arch type, theparabolic arch
produces the most
thrust at the base, butcan span the largest
areas. It is commonlyused in bridge design,
where long spans are
needed.
GATEWAY ARCH, ST. LOUIS
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