33
Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik - the Global Market Leader
Marlboro, MADetroit, MIUrbana, IL
Darmstadt, GermanySheffield, UK
Suzhou, PRC
HBM Engineering Sites HBM Sales & Service HBM Representatives
• 60 years experience
• 1,700 employees
• 6 engineering sites
• 26 sales locations
• Represented in over 50 countries by 33 independent distributors
• 140 developers
• Over 4,000 products
DAQ Hardware
DAQ Software
Analysis & Data Processing
Projects Services Calibration
Simulation and Prediction
Sensors
Competence from Physical Measurement to Virtual Testing
Typical HBM railway applications
vehicle (MDA) infrastructure measurement test bench
Vehicle certification stationarymobile
•Argos® System•Asset health monitoring (especially
bridges)•R&D infrastructure components (e.g.
switches)
railway applications
Argos® – a high accuarate measurement solution
April 3, 2012 5
1998: initial research started and driven by
2006: out of the box modular standardised solution
Reasons for “wayside anti-derailment devices”
SAFETY:Prevent accident
April 3, 2012 6
Hot Box detection Bearing and Break
Derailment detectionArglos® Level 1
Fire detectionTrain gaugeMonitoring
Over loading,Unbalanced load,InstabilityArgos® Level 2 & 3
Sensors are connected with the signaling system: Alarms stop the train!
Reasons for wayside train monitoring systems
Economical
Enhancement of vehicle durability
Cost optimization and infrastructure protection
April 3, 2012 7
Permanent, centralized rolling stock monitoring and technical traffic check prevention
Argos® measured wheel-rail parameters
• Quasi-stationary vertical forces and loads (Q)
• Dynamic vertical forces and loads• (derived quantities like axle side to side
difference etc.)• Quasi-stationary lateral forces and loads
(Y)• Dynamic lateral forces and loads• Quasi-stationary longitudinal force (T)• Wheel out-of-roundness
April 3, 2012 8
= all rail-wheel force parameters
The Argos® approach
• Sensors integrated in the infrastructure
• Mounting on all track types possible
• No influence on the track maintenance
• Measurements on regular track speed (typical 20 up to 300 km/h)
• Best possible accuracy (better 1,5% on track speed)
• Near real-time measurement results (typical less than 5s)
• No vehicle type limits
• No sensors on the vehicle are necessary (but possible e.g. RFID-Tags)
9
Derailment detection
straight line train control
noncircular wheel
flat wheel
wheel load
load distributionrate of twist
train control and derailment safety
Y and Q force turning forces of the bogie tilt resistance
Y and Q force hunting track displacement forces
noise emission
curv
est
raig
ht li
ne
Prevention
Cost reduction
after derailment
risk and costreduction
03/04/2012, slide 10
The Argos® approach
03/04/2012, slide 11
Argos® Level 1- Derailment Detection
Features Level 11. Simple princip, well developed technology2. For all types of concrete, wooden sleepers3. Easy mounting4. All rail mounting elements are free visible5. All derailment situations to be detected6. No influence on track maintenance
Argos® Level 2 - Automatic Train Control
Detection of risk factors caused by: Wheel load (force) variations
Wheel defects
April 3, 2012 12
Sensors taking over responsibility
Argos® Level 2 - Examples
03/04/2012, Folie 14
Argos® Level 2 - Examples
Argos® Installation with machine support
April 3, 2012 15
Argos® Quasi-stationary vehicle over loadings
April 3, 2012 17
vehi
cle
mas
s [t]
axle
load
[t]
Average axle load >26 [t](>15% overload)
number of axle
one bar=one vehicle
one bar=one axle
What accuracy do we need?
Example old Brigde in Austria: Max allowed axle load is 25t (strict limit)
Allowed axle load on the track 22,5t
Measured with +/- 10% accuracy class Vehicles with 22,75t axle load have to stoppedThis is not practicable
Measured with +/- 1,5% accuracy classVehicles with 24,62t axle load have be stoppedThis is practicable!
April 3, 2012 18
Wheel defects
19
03/04/2012, Folie 19
Argos® Modul „wheel shape irregularities“ measurement principle
20
special engineered accelerometers
EP 1883 565: The signals are derived from the measuring elements, which displace the rails in the vertical direction and, then an information array is formed in the evaluation device from the signals, which corresponds at least to the periphery of the wheel. The periodic signal of the shapes of the wheel is evaluated with the aid of a Fourier developmenthttp://tiny.cc/889qz
Argos® Dynamic wheel Q-force
April 3, 2012 21
right
whe
elle
ft w
heel
Measured dynamic wheel force over 400KN (allowed 200KN)
number of axle
Argos® Measurement of wheel defects
April 3, 2012
22
-0.3
-0.25
-0.2
-0.15
-0.1
-0.05
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
OO
R in
mm
s in mm
QFU81_001HI_20060530_120659 ACHSE 014 IS=2
V1.30 (c) OEBB Daten: \QFU81_001HI_20060530_120659 ZNr= 44322
DRFlat
App.
-0.25
-0.2
-0.15
-0.1
-0.05
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
OO
R in
mm
s in mm
QFU81_001HI_20060530_154413 ACHSE 058 IS=2
V1.30 (c) OEBB Daten: \QFU81_001HI_20060530_154413 ZNr=75174
DRFlat
App.
Out
of r
ound
ness
Out
of r
ound
ness
wheel circumference wheel circumference
Example development of wheel defects
23
amplitude (out-of roundness) wheel defects Bogie 1
amplitude (out-of roundness) wheel defects Bogie 2
03/04/2012, Folie 24
Argos® Level 3a - Y/Q derailment safety
280m curveBlisadona Tunnel
QY
Continuous vertical Q forces in curves
Continuous lateral Y forces in curves
Accuarcy better 2,5 % (Q/Y)
Radius between 190m and 500m (installation on all track types possible, measuring lengh 12 meters)
03/04/2012, Folie 25
Achslasten (Q-Kräfte) Y-Kräfte Y/Q
Argos® Level 3a – Results
03/04/2012, slide 26
Argos® Level 3b – Instability and Noise
core zone (y,q)
direction of trafficdirection of traffic
secondary zone (y)
microfon and ground vibration measurement
secondary zone (y)
tan (gamma)=0.4 mean value
Length = min 25 m
Argos® Level 3b – results hunting
-200
-100
0
100
200
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000
SFR
in µ
m/m
x in mm
Daten
ASTB079ASTB080ASTB081ASTB082
Source: FFG-Bericht/BAMM
stochastic
stable / instable 2-axle vehicle
-200
-100
0
100
200
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000
SFR
in µ
m/m
x in mm
Daten
ASTB035ASTB036
resonance
horiz
onta
l for
ce
horiz
onta
l for
ce
position on measurement station [mm] position on measurement station [mm]
03/04/2012, Folie 28
Argos® Automatic data handling
Permanent TCP/IP connection
Data transfer via FTP
Data interfaces like xml, etc.
Limit exeeding reports,
red-reports, Alarms
Signaling
System
Result Handling:
User system: through web application
Expert system: through special applications (ARGOS-Client, ARGOS-Statistic), or data interfaces like xml, etc.
Server
03/04/2012, Folie 29
Level 3a
Blisadona
Level 2 und 1
Himberg
Level 3b und 1 Deutsch ‐Wagram
Level 1 Wels
2x Level 2 Enns
Level 3a Semmering
Weiche Dürnkrut
Austrian railway network
Level 2 Melk
Level 3a Velden
Argos® 10 systems installed in Austria
03/04/2012, slide 30
Reduce stopping times in border stations
e.g.: Korridor X line railways partnership
„We connect nations by establishing an cross-border infrastructure for freight and passenger traffic which is in line with market requirements and budget-conscious.”
Argos® gives objective measuring results aboutrunning safety weights and overloadswheel defectsNo further inspections of these properties at the border stations are necessary.
Argos® Cross Border Control System
Why use wayside train monitoring systems?
April 3, 2012 31
Quickly and objectively know how about vehicles and tracks interactionreduce undesirable interaction situations
Enhanced Safety & Better Protection
Correctly maintenanced and loaded vehicles reduce wear and Life cycle cost
and:
Decreasing costs
Costs and efficiency
• To reduce maintenance costs = Seamless infrastructure integration is necessary
Example 10.000km line (mixed strait line + curves): Invest to install 40 Argos Systems ca. 20 Mio€Costs saving (study Ernst Basler & Partner): 2-3 Mio€/year reduced maintenance costs500 K€/year reduced costs after derailments2-3 Mio€/year more income for correct freight pricing
April 3, 2012 32
April 3, 2012 33
ThanksWalter Weilinger
Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik Gmbh
Tel: +43 (0) 664 435 60 95
www.argos-systems.euThanks to:Wolfgang Zottl (ÖBB)Johannes Stephanides (ÖBB)Dr. Paul Mittermayr (BAMM)Martin Gollubich (ADES)Dietmar Maicz (HBM)
