ARGUMENTATIVE ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAYESSAY

BODY OF ESSAYBODY OF ESSAY

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION BODY / CONTENTBODY / CONTENT CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Introducing the topic that will be arguedIntroducing the topic that will be argued State/ give short opinion about the reason State/ give short opinion about the reason

why the topic should be argued. Tell the why the topic should be argued. Tell the readers about what important things of readers about what important things of the topicthe topic

State your position (support or un-support State your position (support or un-support the issue), based on reasons that will be the issue), based on reasons that will be explained in the body of the essay or explained in the body of the essay or argument.argument.

Some countries are serious about solving traffic Some countries are serious about solving traffic problems, they should tax private cars very heavily problems, they should tax private cars very heavily and use the money to provide free or very cheap rail and use the money to provide free or very cheap rail travel.travel. Introduction 1Introduction 1

Many nations are facing massive traffic congestion Many nations are facing massive traffic congestion in their cities. This both makes travel difficult and in their cities. This both makes travel difficult and cause environmental damage. In order to solve this cause environmental damage. In order to solve this problem it is necessary to establish alternative problem it is necessary to establish alternative transportation systems such as railways. In my transportation systems such as railways. In my opinion the best way to finance the development of opinion the best way to finance the development of public transport is to tax car drivers.public transport is to tax car drivers.

Some countries are serious about solving traffict Some countries are serious about solving traffict problems, they should tax private cars very heavily problems, they should tax private cars very heavily and use the money to provide free or very cheap rail and use the money to provide free or very cheap rail travel.travel.

Introduction 2Introduction 2 Motor cars were invented at the end of the last century and have Motor cars were invented at the end of the last century and have

developed greatly over the last 100 years. In many countries developed greatly over the last 100 years. In many countries families have two cars and sometimes even three. As there are so families have two cars and sometimes even three. As there are so many cars on the road there are often traffict jams on major many cars on the road there are often traffict jams on major roads. It can take many hours to complete a short journeynat roads. It can take many hours to complete a short journeynat peak times in some major cities. Many attemps have been made peak times in some major cities. Many attemps have been made to solve the problems of bad traffict. These include limiting the to solve the problems of bad traffict. These include limiting the times car are allowed to drive in certain areas and making cars times car are allowed to drive in certain areas and making cars carry a certain number of passengers. These schemes have met carry a certain number of passengers. These schemes have met with varying degrees of success.with varying degrees of success.

Some countries are serious about solving traffict Some countries are serious about solving traffict problems, they should tax private cars very heavily problems, they should tax private cars very heavily and use the money to provide free or very cheap rail and use the money to provide free or very cheap rail travel.travel.

Introduction 3Introduction 3 Many people say that if countries are serious about Many people say that if countries are serious about

solving traffic problems, they should tax private solving traffic problems, they should tax private cars very heavily and use the money to provide cars very heavily and use the money to provide free rail travelfree rail travel

BODY/CONTENTBODY/CONTENTTHE ARGUMENTTHE ARGUMENT

Give reasons that support your Give reasons that support your position (agree/disagree). position (agree/disagree).

Explain the reasons one by one. Explain the reasons one by one. Discuss any objections or other Discuss any objections or other

possible opinions which might be possible opinions which might be different to your opiniondifferent to your opinion

Too much education is dangerous. If people receive more Too much education is dangerous. If people receive more education than they need to function in their job, it only education than they need to function in their job, it only breeds dissatisfactionbreeds dissatisfaction

FORFOR Gives people unreal Gives people unreal

expectationsexpectations ExpensiveExpensive Not enough challenging Not enough challenging

jobs to meet people’s jobs to meet people’s expectationsexpectations

Students a major cause of Students a major cause of distruption, reject authoritydistruption, reject authority

AGAINSTAGAINST How do you decide the level How do you decide the level

of education a person of education a person needs?needs?

High level human resources High level human resources necessary for developmentnecessary for development

Uneducated people unable Uneducated people unable to show initiativeto show initiative

People have the right to People have the right to attain self-fulfimentattain self-fulfiment

Body/ the argument based on the planBody/ the argument based on the plan

Some people may say that education gives people unrealistic Some people may say that education gives people unrealistic ambitions; the law of the market place decrees that not every one ambitions; the law of the market place decrees that not every one can be a managing directors. In fact for every boss there must be can be a managing directors. In fact for every boss there must be many more employees, so some countries believe there is very many more employees, so some countries believe there is very little point in training people for a level of job that they can never little point in training people for a level of job that they can never hope to achieve. What is more, education is expensive. Therefore hope to achieve. What is more, education is expensive. Therefore over-education is waste of time and money. Another argument over-education is waste of time and money. Another argument against education would be that students tend to be disruptive against education would be that students tend to be disruptive influence in society. Once you encourage people to think for influence in society. Once you encourage people to think for themselves, it is difficult to control what they are thinking. It is themselves, it is difficult to control what they are thinking. It is hardly surprising that students are often found at forefront of hardly surprising that students are often found at forefront of radical organizations.radical organizations.

Body/ the argument cont….Body/ the argument cont….

In spite of the problems of over-education, most countries need a high In spite of the problems of over-education, most countries need a high standard of human resources in order to compete in the world market. standard of human resources in order to compete in the world market. Constantly changing technology means that the work-force has to be Constantly changing technology means that the work-force has to be flexible and receptive to new ideas in order to be of value to flexible and receptive to new ideas in order to be of value to employers. When a person is only trained to perform one job, it is not employers. When a person is only trained to perform one job, it is not realistic to expect him or her to adapt to a change in circumstances or realistic to expect him or her to adapt to a change in circumstances or an unexpected problem. All this is not to mention the moral questions an unexpected problem. All this is not to mention the moral questions involved in limiting education. Who has the right to say how much involved in limiting education. Who has the right to say how much education a person entitled to? What criteria could be used to decide a education a person entitled to? What criteria could be used to decide a level of schooling?level of schooling?

It may be true that a greater level education tends to make people It may be true that a greater level education tends to make people more radical. However, if society is not going to become static, it more radical. However, if society is not going to become static, it must be prepared to accept new ideas. Therefore the degree of must be prepared to accept new ideas. Therefore the degree of radicalism caused by a high level of education can only serve to make radicalism caused by a high level of education can only serve to make the country more adaptable aaaaand better able to whitstand social the country more adaptable aaaaand better able to whitstand social change in the long run.change in the long run.

Some countries are serious about solving traffict problems, Some countries are serious about solving traffict problems, they should tax private cars very heavily and use the money they should tax private cars very heavily and use the money to provide free or very cheap rail travel.to provide free or very cheap rail travel.

FORFOR Encourage people to use Encourage people to use

public transportpublic transport Reduce the number of cars Reduce the number of cars

on the roadon the road Cut down on traffic jams Cut down on traffic jams

and pollutionand pollution Save fossil fuelsSave fossil fuels Ore money to develop Ore money to develop

infrastructureinfrastructure

AGAINSTAGAINST Not door to door service Not door to door service

like carslike cars People like owning cars as a People like owning cars as a

symbol of prestigesymbol of prestige Increased taxes are always Increased taxes are always

unpopularunpopular Cheap railways would lose Cheap railways would lose

money and state subsidies.money and state subsidies.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Summing upSumming up State important reasons that support State important reasons that support

your position/ opinion about the topic your position/ opinion about the topic being discussedbeing discussed

Give suggestions on the related topicGive suggestions on the related topic

Some countries are serious about solving traffic problems, Some countries are serious about solving traffic problems, they should tax private cars very heavily and use the money they should tax private cars very heavily and use the money

to provide free or very cheap rail travel.to provide free or very cheap rail travel.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION In order to solve the traffic congestion and In order to solve the traffic congestion and

environmental damage it is necessary for a country environmental damage it is necessary for a country to establish alternative transportation systems such to establish alternative transportation systems such as railways. However, the money used to build the as railways. However, the money used to build the infrastructure should not be gathered from the high infrastructure should not be gathered from the high tax of private cars.tax of private cars.

Example of argumentative essayExample of argumentative essay

TOPIC:TOPIC: Some students in The US work while they are Some students in The US work while they are

earning their degrees in college; others receive earning their degrees in college; others receive support from their families. How should a support from their families. How should a student’s education be supported? Argue both student’s education be supported? Argue both sides of the issue and defend your position.sides of the issue and defend your position.

IntroductionIntroductionHOW SHOULD A STUDENT’S EDUCATION BE HOW SHOULD A STUDENT’S EDUCATION BE

SUPPORTED?SUPPORTED?

Some students in the United States work while Some students in the United States work while they are earning their degrees; others received they are earning their degrees; others received support from their families. Both approaches support from their families. Both approaches have advantages and disadvantages. In this have advantages and disadvantages. In this essay, I will name some of the advantages of essay, I will name some of the advantages of each approach, and I will argue in favor family each approach, and I will argue in favor family support.support.

BODYBODY In society where independence and individual In society where independence and individual

accomplishment are value, a student who accomplishment are value, a student who earned his degree by working would be greatly earned his degree by working would be greatly admired. Friends would praise him for his admired. Friends would praise him for his initiative and perseverance. Future employers initiative and perseverance. Future employers might be impressed by his work record. He might be impressed by his work record. He might derive greater satisfaction from his might derive greater satisfaction from his personal investment on it.personal investment on it.

On the other hand, in a society where cooperation and On the other hand, in a society where cooperation and family dependence are value, a student who received family dependence are value, a student who received support would be better understood. Friends would support would be better understood. Friends would praise him for his effort on behalf of his family. praise him for his effort on behalf of his family. Future employers would not expect a work record Future employers would not expect a work record from a student. He might feel greater responsibility from a student. He might feel greater responsibility toward others in his family because the toward others in his family because the accomplishment was shared. Thus not one but every accomplishment was shared. Thus not one but every family member would be assured some opportunity family member would be assured some opportunity or benefit.or benefit.

I or my part, I must argue in favor of family I or my part, I must argue in favor of family support. While I study at an American support. While I study at an American University, my older brother will send me University, my older brother will send me money every month. When I finish my degree money every month. When I finish my degree and find a job, I will send my younger sister to and find a job, I will send my younger sister to a school or university. It may not be a better a school or university. It may not be a better way, but it is the way that my society rewards.way, but it is the way that my society rewards.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

To sum up, I would like to suggest that both To sum up, I would like to suggest that both approaches have their own advantages. Students’ approaches have their own advantages. Students’ earning the degree by themselves is good, but earning the degree by themselves is good, but receiving support from family is not worse at all. receiving support from family is not worse at all. However, society’s value should also be considered. However, society’s value should also be considered. As student, when you receive money from family to As student, when you receive money from family to earn your degree, it doesn’t mean that you don’t need earn your degree, it doesn’t mean that you don’t need to reach a good result of study. You have to work to reach a good result of study. You have to work harder than those who earn their degree by working.harder than those who earn their degree by working.

FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENTFOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT

Online education is becoming more Online education is becoming more popular, and many traditional popular, and many traditional universities now offer online universities now offer online degree courses. In the future degree courses. In the future students will study online at home students will study online at home rather than at university.rather than at university.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

you should support your idea, knowledge and experience to you should support your idea, knowledge and experience to support your argument with examples and relevant evidence.support your argument with examples and relevant evidence.