Armenian National Survey for Armenian National Survey for Seismic ProtectionSeismic Protection
Earthquake Engineering CenterEarthquake Engineering Center
www.nssp-gov.am e-mail [email protected] [email protected]
Tasks ofEarthquake Engineering Center
1. Realization the Initiative and Strategy of Armenian NSSP in building and structure seismic protection (in the frame of State Complex Programs on Seismic risk reduction in the territory of Armenia and city of Yerevan).
2. Seismic risk evaluation and mapping for towns and settlements in Armenia.
3. Rapid damage estimation of structures and buildings in epicentral zone in case of major earthquake.
4. Vulnerability assessment for critical facilities (NPP, chemical plants, dams and reservoirs, and lifelines.
5. Elaboration, testing and implementation of techniques and procedures for reinforcement and retrofitting of existing buildings and structures.
6. Development of experimental models and research aiming at strengthening of buildings and structures.
7. Seismic monitoring of buildings and structures through installation and operation strong motion instruments.
8. Research on ground strong motion.
9. Development and implementation of Early Warning System.
Structure of Earthquake Engineering Center
1. Building and Structure Seismic Risk Evaluation Division
2. Critical Facilities Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Division
3. Experimental Research Division
4. Seismically Protective Constructive Systems and New Constructive Solution Division
5. Ground Strong Motion and Building Monitoring Division
Tasks of Building and Structure Seismic Risk Evaluation Division
– Data base creation for urban planning of towns and settlements using GIS technology
– Urban planning detailed mapping
– Estimation of facilities’ design seismic resistance
– Seismic risk evaluation for towns and settlements
– Seismic risk mapping for towns and settlements
– Rapid damage estimation for towns and settlements in epicentral zone in case of major earthquake.
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SEISMIC ZONATION MAP
OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
1 : 500000 SCALE
NSSP RA
º ðº ì ² Ü 1998
a = 0.5 g a = 0.4 g a = 0.3 g a = 0.2 g
LAKE SEVAN
A R M E N I A N N S S PÐÐ ê ä ² Ì
C O V E R N M E N T O F T H E R A
ÐÐ Î ² è ² ì ² ð à ô Â Ú à ô Ü
Y E R E V A N 1 99 8 º ð º ì ² Ü
Geological map in Armenia
Distribution pattern for the seismic risk in Armenia
Seismic Risk in Yerevan City
Seismic Microzonation Map of Yerevan City
0.32g
0.40g
0.38g
SEISMIC RISK DISTRIBUTION
FOR YEREVAN CITY
HighModerateLow
1. Low-rise stone buildings (private)2. Mixed stone-complex construction
buildings3. Large panel buildings4. Frame panel buildings5. Buildings constructed with story
grown-up method6. Braced buildings
Map of the risk collapse for different construction type buildings in Yerevan city (design types 1,2,…, are indicated in percentage of total number of buildings in each square 1,2,…)
high risk (K>1.1)
moderate risk (1.05<K<1.1)
no risk practically (K<1.06)
Capital buildings 0.1g Capital buildings 0.2g Private buildings
Tasks of Critical Facilities Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Division
• Data base creation for most earthquake vulnerable buildings in towns and settlements
• Vulnerability assessment for critical facilities (NPP, chemical plants, dams and reservoirs, and lifelines)
• Engineering research in construction aiming at compliance of new methodology and seismic building codes
• In situ estimation of expected ground maximum acceleration
• In situ estimation of ground and structure prevailing periods
• In situ creation of design accelerograms
• Definition of technical condition and actual seismic resistance for facilities, development of methods for vulnerability reduction
• Rapid damage estimation for towns and settlements in epicentral zone in case of major earthquake
• Building and structure behavior study in case of major earthquake
• Analysis of earthquake consequences
Borders of adjacent areas to Azat reservoirin case of possible flooding
THE ESTIMATION OFBUILDING ’S VULNERABILITY
1. stone buildings (less than 5 story )
2. large-panel buildings (9 story )
3. frame-panel buildings (9 story )
4. frame and frame-braced (12-16 story )
5. constructed by floor-grade method (12-16 story)
6. new structural design (less than 9 story )
By the constructive decisions residential buildings in Armenia are divided into six categories
STONE BUILDINGS(less than 5 story )
30% of dwelling fund
High vulnerability
Strengthening required
Natural vibration of Stone (Mansory)
five-storied building Fourier spectra
The prevailing period in the transverse direction of the building is 0.38 sec. Obtained value is 1.36 times more than normative prevailing period. According to the Codes of Armenia such increase of the normative prevailing period corresponds to the third degree of damage, which requires Rehabilitation and reinforcement of the building.
LARGE-PANEL BUILDINGS(9 story)
10% of dwelling fund
Low vulnerability
FRAME-PANEL BUILDINGS(9 story)
15% of dwelling fund
High vulnerability, 95 from 138 of 9-storey frame panel buildings of 111 series were totally collapsed in Gyumri
After Spitak Earthquake buildings will not erected more
Strengthening required
FRAME AND FRAME-BRACED
(12-16 story)
15% of dwelling fund
Not existed in disaster zone
Low vulnerability
CONSTRUCTEDBY FLOOR-GRADE METHOD
(12-16 story)
Mostly in Yerevan-city 7% of dwelling fund
2 buildings collapsed in Gyumri
After Spitak Earthquake buildings will not erected more.
Tasks of Seismically Protective Constructive Systems and New Constructive Solution Division
• Analysis of constructive solutions for existing buildings and development of new conceptual solutions for seismic resistance
• Analysis of constructive solutions for retrofitted buildings in disaster zone and development of new solutions
• Estimation of seismic loads for buildings and structures using accelerograms of real earthquakes
• Development and implementation of new technologies for strengthening of buildings and structures
• Development and implementation of damper equipment for building and structure seismic resistance increase
• Theoretical and practical research on shim-rubber isolation
• Monitoring of buildings using seismic protective systems
Model of 9-story frame building with “upper
flexible floor”
General view of a building with
“upper flexible floor”
Upper flexible floor on LRB
Using the seismic insulators for the buildings and constructions
Armenian International Airport.Armenian International Airport.Moment of Experiment of Lead Rubber Bearing Moment of Experiment of Lead Rubber Bearing (Kuala-Lumpur, Robinson Seismic Ltd)(Kuala-Lumpur, Robinson Seismic Ltd)
Building before restoration
Constructive solutions
Building after restoration
Tasks of ExperimentalResearch Division
– Development and implementation of new building strengthening technologies
– Development of experimental models and research aiming at strengthening of buildings and structures
– Experimental research on shim-rubber isolation
– Experimental selection of appropriate damper equipment for building and structure seismic resistance increase
– Testing of building materials and constructions
Testing of seismic insulators (vertical and horizontal deformation)
Model of Building with new Dynamic Damping
Dynamic Model of 12-storey Building (Scale 1:15) with
Dynamic Damping
View of Dynamic View of Dynamic Damping ModelDamping Model
Tasks of Ground Strong Motion and Building Monitoring Division
• Seismic Hazard Assessment of the Territory of Armenia
• Seismic Microzoning
• Earthquake Early Warning System Development
• Seismic Monitoring of Buildings and Structures
Armenian Strong Motion NetworkInstrument Locations
Existing free-field Swiss – SMACH (10)
American - SMA (16)Japanese - SMAC (2) USSR СРРЗ (6)
SAFER Cities American - SM 1 (40)
Earthquake parameters and peak ground accelerationsof all acceleration time histories recorded by Spitakarea strong motion stations
N Event Data Epicenter Depth,km
Mag Station km Peakacceleration,
cm/sec2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 NS EW V1 Spitak area quake 26.06.90 40.88N 44.26E 10 2.2Ml Spitak-Karadzor 6 18 15 18
- - - Stepanavan 17 6 7 32 Spitak area quake 14.07.90 40.90N 44.20E 10 2.8Ml Spitak-Karadzor 12 12 13 83 Spitak area quake 15.12.90 40.86N 44.29E 10 3.3Ml Spitak-Karadzor 3 46 37 274 Spitak area quake 16.12.90 41.32N 43.81E 4 5.2Ml Akhalkalaki 28 33 15 12
Bogdanovka 19 38 41 58Bakuriani 53 41 42 12Bavra 22 81 117 67Vanadzor 82 7 8 4Gumri 58 7 9 10Spitak-Karadzor 68 14 12 11Stepanavan 61 23 18 9Toros 44 48 65 23
5 Spitak area quake 20.12.90 41.25N 43.85E 4 3.5Ml Bavra 15 6 6 46 Tbilisi area quake 23.12.90 40.90N 44.44E 10 4.1Ml Stepanavan 12 12 9 67 Spitak area quake 11.01.91 40.90N 44.33E 10 3.5Ml Spitak-Karadzor 6 111 141 1578 Spitak area quake 13.04.91 41.20N 43.75E 1 4.4mb Bavra 10 7 5 79 Dzhava-Racha quake 29.04.91 42.39N 43.67E 6 7.1Ms Akhalkalaki 110 11 7 6
Bogdanovka 125 8 8 6Bavra 142 9 11 6Toros 163 10 12 6Stepanavan 166 15 14 6Gumri 178 13 8 6
Earthquake Early Warning System around Yerevan City
The zones of the influence with intensity of 7 on Yerevan
Seismic Monitoring of Buildings (Fragment)