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Name : puneet aggarwal

Roll No: 2007UCE 039

Year: final year(7th Sem.)

Branch: Civil Engg.

Projected view of Kalisindh Thermal Power

Plant, Jhalawar

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Project Brief DescriptionThe site of Kalisindh Thermal Power Project is located in Nimoda, Undal, Motipura, Singharia and Devri villages of Tehsil Jhalarapatan, Distt. Jhalawar. The proposed capacity of coal based Thermal Power Project is 1200 MW(600*2). The project site is about 12 km from Jhalawar (Distt. Head quarter)The total water allocated for Plant is 1200 MCFT per year and will be met from Kalisindh River.

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Sailent Features

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Projectv Kalisindh Super Thermal Power Project Jhalawar

Current Capacity

1200 MW(2x600 MW)

Project Site Village-Undel, Motipura, Nimoda, Singhania & Deveri of Tehsil Jhalarapatan, Distt. Jhalawar

Project Location

The project site is about 12 km from NH-12.

Land Area 2230 Bigha/564 Hq. Water source and quantity

Dam on Kalisindh river. 3400 CuM/ Hrs.

Quantity of Fuel

Coal-560 Lacs TPA

Stack Height 275 Mtr. Estimated Cost

Rs.5416 Crores

Important Milestone For Unit-I/II & Common Systems

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Sl. No.

ACTIVITY SCHEDULED DATE U#1

ACTUAL DATE

SCHEDULED DATE U#2

ACTUAL DATE

01 Start of Boiler Foundations 28-04-2009 24-01-2009 11-07-2009 23-03-2009 02 Start of Boiler Erection 07-12-2009 23-10-2009 05-03-2010 26-03-2010 03 Boiler Drum Lifting 06-05-2010 19-05-2010 30-07-2010 04 Readiness of Start Up Power 12-02-2011 28-04-2011 05 Completion of Commissioning

of DM Plant 25-12-2010 25-12-2010

06 Boiler Hydro Test 05-01-2011 30-03-2011 07 Readiness of Chimney (1st

/2nd Flue only) 02-06-2011 27-08-2011

08 Readiness of UCB 24-09-2010 09-12-2010 09 Boiler Light Up 07-06-2011 05-09-2011 10 Start of Condenser Erection 23-06-2010 15-11-2010

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How does a thermal power plant work?

In thermal generating plants, fuel is converted into thermal energy to heat water, making steam. The steam turns an engine (turbine), creating mechanical energy to run a generator. Magnets turn inside the generator, producing electric energy.

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Procedure of coal-fired thermal plant

1. Coal supply — After haulers drop off the coal, a set of crushers and conveyors prepare and deliver the coal to the power plant. When the plant needs coal, coal “hoppers” crush coal to a few inches in size and conveyor belts bring the coal inside.

2. Coal pulverizer — The belts dump coal into a huge bin (pulverizer), which reduces the coal to a fine powder. Hot air from nearby fans blows the powdered coal into huge furnaces (boilers).

3. Boiler — The boiler walls are lined with many kilometres of pipe filled with water. As soon as the coal enters the boiler, it instantly catches fire and burns with high intensity.This heat quickly boils the water inside the pipes, changing it into steam.

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Procedure of coal-fired thermal plant

4. Precipitators and stack — As the coal burns, it produces emissions (carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) and ash.The gases, together with the lighter ash (fly ash), are vented from the boiler up the stack. 5. Turbine and generator — Meanwhile, steam moves at high speed to the turbines, massive drums with hundreds of blades turned at an angle. As jets of high-pressure steam emerge from the pipes, the turbine spins rapidly. As the turbine turns, it causes an electro-magnet to turn inside coils of wire in the generator. The spinning magnet puts electrons in motion inside the wires, creating electricity.6. Condensers and cooling water system — Next, the steam exits the turbines and passes over cool tubes in the condenser. The condensers capture the used steam and transform it back to water. The cooled water is then pumped back to the boiler to repeat the heating process. At the same time, water is piped from a reservoir or river to keep the condensers constantly cool. This cooling water, now warm from the heat exchange in the condensers, is released.

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Procedure of coal-fired thermal plant

7. Water purification — To reduce corrosion, plants purify water for use in the boiler tubes. Wastewater is also treated and pumped out to holding ponds.

8. Ash systems — Ash is removed from the plant and hauled to disposal sites or ash lagoons. Ash is also sold for use in manufacturing cement.

9. transformer and transmission lines — transformers increase the voltage of the electricity generated. transmission lines then carry the electricity at high voltages from the plant to substations in cities and towns.

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General Layout of the Plant

Though each plant is unique in itself in terms of specific features and functionalities, still there is a broad outline to which all thermal power plants confirm to and in this article we will study about the general layout of a typical power plant.

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General Layout of the Plant

There are four main circuits in any thermal power plant and these are :

Coal & Ash Circuit – This circuit deals mainly with feeding the boiler with coal for combustion purposes and taking care of the ash that is generated during the combustion process and includes equipment and paraphernalia that is used to handle the transfer and storage of coal and ash.

Air & Gas Circuit – Air is one of the main components of the fire triangle and hence necessary for combustion. Since lots of coal is burnt inside the boiler it needs a sufficient quantity of air which is supplied using either forced draught or induced draught fans. The exhaust gases from the combustion are in turn used to heat the ingoing air through a heat exchanger before being let off in the atmosphere. The equipment which handles all these processes fall under this circuit.

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General Layout of the Plant

There are four main circuits in any thermal power plant and these are :

Feed Water & Steam Circuit – This section deals with supplying of steam generated from the boiler to the turbines and to handle the outgoing steam from the turbine by cooling it to form water in the condenser so that it can be reused in the boiler plus making good any losses due to evaporation etc.

Cooling Water Circuit – This part of the thermal power plant deals with handling of the cooling water required in the system. Since the amount of water required to cool the outgoing steam from the boiler is substantial, it is either taken from a nearby water source such as a river, or it is done through evaporation if the quantity of cooling water available is limited.

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