Date post: | 30-Dec-2015 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | cecilia-houston |
View: | 216 times |
Download: | 1 times |
Art of Leadership & MotivationHRM 760
Lecture - 12
FACILITATORProf. Dr. Mohammad Majid Mahmood
0333-5188677, [email protected]
4
• harm your mental and physical health
But too much stress can:
• damage relationships with your friends and family.
Stress is a fact of life.
5
Stress can become a serious problem.
It may lead to:
• physical discomfort
• illnesses
• medical emergencies.
7
Stress
The experience of opportunities or threats that people perceive as important and also perceive they might not be able to handle or deal with effectively.
8
Aspects of Stress
1. Stress can be experienced because of both opportunities and threats.
2. The threat or opportunity experienced is important to a person.
3. The person who is experiencing an important opportunity or threat is not sure that he or she can effectively deal with it.
4. Whether people experience stress depends on how they perceive potential opportunities and threats and how they perceive their capabilities to deal with them.
10
Stress Can Be Harmful To Your Health
Diseases• Frequent colds/flu• Digestive upsets• Depression• Cancer• High blood pressure• Heart disease
11
PhysiologicalPhysiological
PsychologicalPsychological
BehavioralBehavioral
Stress
Three General Symptoms
Stress
Three General Symptoms
14
What causes stress?
• Various “stressors” cause stress.
• Everyone’s stressors are different.
• Not all stressors are harmful.
15
Group andOrganization-Related
Stressors
Group andOrganization-Related
Stressors
PersonalStressorsPersonalStressors
Work-LifeStressors
Work-LifeStressors
Job-RelatedStressors
Job-RelatedStressors
Causes of Stress
16
Personal Stressors
• Major Life Events– Getting married– Getting divorced– Death of a close friend/relative– Buying a home– Moving– Serious illness
• Minor Life Events– Traffic congestion
19
MIND TRAPS
• Unrealistic expectations
• Taking things personally
• All or nothing thinking
• Rigid thinking
21
WHY DO WE WORK ?
Work provides an income and fulfils a variety of other needs; - mental and physical exercise, social contact, a feeling of self-worth and competence.
25
WORKING CONDITIONS
Physical and mental health is adversely affected by unpleasant working conditions, such as high noise levels, lighting, temperature and excessive hours.
27
UNDERWORK
This may arise from boredom because there is not enough to do, or because a job is dull and repetitive.
28
UNCERTAINTY
A lack of communication and feedback can result in confusion, helplessness, and stress.
29
CONFLICT
Stress can arise from work the individual does not want to do or that conflicts with their personal, social and family values.
30
RESPONSIBILITY
The greater the level of responsibility the greater the potential level of stress.
31
RELATIONSHIPS AT WORK
Good relationships with colleagues are crucial. But bad relationships with colleagues results in stress.
32
CHANGES AT WORK
Changes such as demotion, termination, retirement and transfer are particularly stressful.
33
Group and Organization-Related Stressors
• Misunderstandings, conflict, disagreements
• Uncomfortable or unsafe working conditions
34
Stressors Arising out of Work-Life Linkages
• Work life - personal life role conflict
• Family responsibilities– Child care
– Elder care
37
1. Adopt a Healthy Lifestyle
• Get adequate rest• Be physically active daily• Eat regular, healthy meals• Avoid smoking, drugs, and alcohol• Take time to relax and do something daily• Spend quality time with friends and family
38
2. Don’t Over commit
• Limit demands — say no unless you really want to take on a new task.
• Set priorities — complete important tasks first; do the rest if there is time.
• Delegate.
39
3. Simplify Your Life
Look for ways to simplify your life. This may include:– Living within your means or even below your means– Peace of mind may be worth more than a new car or
home.
40
4. Master One Big Change at a Time
• Try to avoid too much change in your life all at once.
• When going through a major life event, try to keep other changes that are within your control to a minimum.
• Spend more time with family, friends, and your support group.
Major Life Events• Starting a new job• Marriage• Divorce• Buying a new home• Stopping smoking• Death of a loved one• Serious illness
41
5. Learn to Relax
• Take a vacation • Take short, relaxing breaks throughout the day and do
special, fun things you enjoy after work and on the weekends.
• Relaxation can break the stress cycle.
42
The 30 Second Mini-Break
When you feel yourselfbecoming annoyed oruptight, try this 30-second mini-break.
Step 1
Eyes closed, remember a pleasant memory
Step 2
Smile within, using your mouth and eye muscles
Step 3
Take a slow, deep breath and relax your whole body
Step 4
Take another deep breath and move into a positive, productive attitude
43
Pleasurable Everyday Experiences That Can Help You Relax
• Pray
• A warm bath
• Listen to favorite music
• A hike in the woods
• Watch a funny movie
• Phone a friend
• Eat out
• Sit in the sunshine
• Take a nap
• Play with your children
• Enjoy a sunset
• Write in your diary
• Walk/play with your pet
• Trim the roses
• Read a good book
• Enjoy a hobby
44
6. Be Physically Active
• Physical activity helps relieve stress by burning up high emotions
• Stress can harm the heart, physical activity can strengthen the heart and enhance health and resistance to disease.
• Make physical activity a daily habit• Walk every day
45
7. Be Good to Yourself
• Listen to your self-talk
– Are you telling yourself how great you are?
– Or, are you putting yourself down?
• Focus on your good qualities
• Don’t be your own worst enemy by being overcritical, and putting yourself down
• Make changes where needed
46
8. Feed Your Emotional Life
• Everyone needs love to survive
• People with social support handle stress and crisis better than those without support
• Invest time in developing loving/supporting relationships
• Don’t isolate yourself — no man is an island
47
9. Resolve Conflicts
• If something is bothering you, don’t ignore it, take action to resolve it.
• Resolving conflicts requires good communication skills.
• The ideal solution to any problem is not just what you want, but a solution that is helpful or agreeable to both parties. Look for mutually acceptable solutions, then you have a “win-win” solution.
48
10. Keep Balance in Your Life
Balance• work with recreation• disappointments with hope• sadness with humor• worry with trust• stress with relaxation• doubts with optimism• excitement with quiet times• loneliness with friendship• fear with peace
Thank you for your kind attention!
Thank you for your kind attention!
FACILITATORProf. Dr. Mohammad Majid Mahmood
0333-5188677, [email protected]