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Art of the Middle Ages & Renaissance
Art and Architecture change with the new era.
Middle Ages
Religious subjects, since the Church was the main art patron.
Christ the Saviour in the Tree of Life
Renaissance
Religious or other subjects based on patron’s wishes.
Section of the Sistine Chapel ceiling painted by Michelangelo
Middle Ages- Figures long and stiff
Mosaic showing Justinian with the bishop of Ravenna, bodyguards, and courtiers
Renaissance
Figures rounded and realistic
part of Raphael's Madonna of the Pinks
Middle AgesFigures grouped in unnatural geometric patterns.
Gottschalk of Orbais a medieval "Five Point Calvinist"
RenaissanceFigures grouped in natural, realistic poses
Raphael “The School of Athens”
Middle Ages
Faces show little or no emotion
Giotto: Madonna and child
RenaissanceFaces showed joy, pain, etc.
Anguissola, “The Chess Game”
Middle AgesBackgrounds were solid or patterned
“Book of Kells Christ Enthroned”
RenaissanceNatural Backgrounds
Raphael’s “Young Woman with Unicorn”
Middle Ages
Scenes appear flat
Athelstan, King of England from 924 or 925 to 939, presenting a book to St Cuthbert, chief saint of the English far north, the earliest surviving royal.
Renaissance
Use of perspective to show depth
Part of Raphael’s “School of Athens”
Middle Ages
Scenes have no clear light source
“Descent to Hell” by Duccio
RenaissanceUse of light and shadow are realistic
Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa
Middle AgesGothic architecture (especially for churches) tall and thin
Notre-Dame de Chartres, France
RenaissanceBuildings “hugged the earth” and had columns, arches, and domes
Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore (Duoma)
Middle AgesMost churches shaped like crosses
Abbey Church of St.-Denis near Paris
Renaissance
Circular or square churches common
Baptistery of Florence by Brunelleschi
Middle AgesHomes usually simple squares
Renaissance
Homes built around courtyards