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www.taolearn.com
All slides in Resources for Teachers
To help students:
gain good qualifications?
get into a good university?
get a good job?
prepare for life?
develop into brilliant learners?
self-motivated
self-directed
self-regulated
autonomous
independent
lifelong learners?
and if so, how do we measure our success?
Is it a lack of the right skills to be able to
learn successfully in a self regulated
learning environment?
up to 73% of university students report difficulties preparing for an exam
most tertiary students have been found to have weak or ineffective strategies for processing information both in the classroom and in their own study
when making notes from lectures or from text most students miss 60 - 70% of the key points
- good note making is positively correlated with academic achievement
- material omitted from notes has only a 5 - 15% chance of being recalled
Even when they have good notes many students still have great difficulty organising the information they have collected.
52% admit that their notes are disorganised
61% report having trouble sequencing the ideas to make coherent sense
At the secondary level, even given well organised, well structured notes with summaries provided:
two thirds of students study for tests purely by rereading their notes
more than half of them do that reading the day before the test or exam
around 12% of students do nothing more than recopy their notes verbatim
50% use passive repetition of key points as their single study technique.
setting learning goals
planning out their study
asking good questions
generating motivation and perseverance
processing information effectively recording, sifting, sorting, comparing, verifying, trying out different ways
working to deadlines
reflecting on their achievement both process (how they learn) and content (what they learn)
making changes to their learning processes where necessary
Do your students have all these skills?
How do you know?
2008 QCA - A Framework of personal, learning and thinking skills that are essential to success in learning, life and work:
Independent inquirers
Creative thinkers
Reflective learners
Team workers
Self-managers
Effective participators
Learning Skills and Work Habits:
Responsibility
Organization
Independent Work
Collaboration
Initiative
Self-Regulation
PolandBelgium
ItalyKorea
SingaporeMexico
New ZealandThe Slovak Republic
Spainand Turkey
have all developed (or are currently developing) curricula of essential learning
skills for students
Thinking Skills
Critical Thinking
Creative Thinking
Transfer
Social Skills
Collaboration
Communication Skills
Communication
Self-management
Skills
Organization
Affective Skills
Reflection
Research Skills
Information literacy
Media literacy
Communication The skills of effectively exchanging thoughts, messages and
information through interaction
The skills of reading, writing and using language to communicate
information
Collaboration The skills of working cooperatively with others
Organization The skills of effectively managing time and tasks
Affective skills The skills of managing state of mind
Reflection The metacognitive skills of re-considering what has been taught
and learned by reflection on content, learning skills and learning
strategy use
Information
literacy
The skills of finding, interpreting, judging and creating information
Media literacy The skills of interacting with different media to compare and
contrast different representations of information
Critical thinking The skills of critique of text, media, ideas and issues
Creativity and
innovation
The skills of invention developing ideas and things that never
existed before
Transfer Utilising skills and knowledge in multiple contexts
Only 20% of teachers believe that teaching students how to learn is a priority
Only 17% of students report that teachers actively help them learn or improve their study skills
What skills does it focus on?
When are these skills taught?
How is the programme implemented at
present?
Meta-cognitive Knowledge students gaining awareness of
the thinking and learning strategies, techniques and skills
they use at present
Meta-cognitive Performance using that knowledge to
improve performance, change ineffective strategies, try
new techniques, learn new skills
The Student tries to solve the problem and must keep talking:
I see ...... I imagine ....
I think ....... I feel ........
I know ...... I am trying to ........
The Teacher keeps the student talking by only asking questions:
focus on the process not the solution
draw out learning and thinking strategies from the student
ask process focused questions
DO NOT HELP THE STUDENT FIND THE ANSWER
Are a combination of
Cognitive and Affective
- processes, skills, techniques and strategies
Organising and transforming information
Asking good questions
Taking good classroom notes
Using memory techniques
Goal setting
Reviewing information regularly
Time management
Organising the study environment
Persistence and perseverance
Focus and concentration, overcoming distractions
Self-motivation
Mindfulness
Reducing anxiety
Delaying gratification
Managing impulsiveness and anger
Developing resilience
At the junior or PYP level - Awareness:
raising awareness of the existence of ATL skills
At the middle-school or MYP level - Acquisition:
teaching specific ATL skills, strategies and techniques
At the senior or DP level - Amalgamation:
many skills involved in the completion of every task
At every level - Assurance:
Making sure all students have the ATL skills they need for
success at the next level
At the entry into the PYP?
At the entry into the MYP?
Half-way through the MYP?
At the entry to the Diploma?
At the completion of the Diploma?
Skills that every student needs?
At what age or year level do they need to have effective skills of:
- time management for classes, assignments, exam study
- listening - concentrating
- note taking in class - persevering
- collaborating, team work - articulating ideas
- key point summarising - essay & report writing
- reviewing information - goal setting, planning
- independent learning - resilience, dealing with failure
The skills of:
- Scientific literacy?
- Mathematical literacy?
- Creative literacy?
- Artistic literacy?
- Language literacy?
- Technological literacy?
- Physical literacy?
1. Form subject groups
2. Focus on the first key ATL Skills step-up point
3. Consider - what are the ATL skills students need
to be successful in your subject at this point -
start with the most basic, include all skills
4. Use the MYP Principles to Practices document as
a reference document for ATL Skills practices
5. Post your charts on the wall
6. Take a gallery walk around all your charts and pick
out any ATL skills that appear more than once
7. Put these on a separate chart and label it Core
Generics cross them off your subject group charts
8. What remains on your subject group chart are your
Subject Specific ATL Skills
9. Repeat for the next key step-up point
10. And repeat again for the last step up point
All ATL Skills Clusters are significant at every level of
the IB but skills practices will increase in complexity
Individuals vary greatly in their age related skills
proficiency
Build coherence of ATL Skill development across
each level
Design for total ATL Skills development by the time
a child finishes school
Explicit Teaching means teaching a learning skill
outside the subject based lessons teaching a lesson
on Time Management, Note Making, Concentration
etc. focused on strategies, practices, techniques.
Implicit Teaching means embedding the learning skill
development and practice within the subject focused
lesson.
Look at the ATL Skills you have so far developed in your
subject groups
Which ones lend themselves to an Explicit teaching
approach?
Which to a more Implicit teaching approach?
Highlight them differently
Discuss how you could implement these two approaches
How, when, where and by whom could this be
taught at your school?
Could you reach agreement on a consistent model
of time management for classes, assignments,
tests and exams?
How could you get every teacher to reinforce the
same model of time management
Define the parameters of the skill - characteristics,
examples of high and low proficiency
Remember a time when you were exhibiting this
skill
Describe your experience in detail focusing on
strategies and techniques
Practice using those techniques deliberately when
next you need to exercise that skill
What does courage mean?
.. doing something that you know is going to be hard
What is the hardest thing you have ever got
yourself to do?
How did you get yourself to do it?
That is your courage strategy write it out
Practice it
Then when you need it, do it on purpose
In Languages reading, writing, note making, key word summarising, paraphrasing .....
In Science creating questions, researching, developing hypotheses, running experiments, gathering data, analysing data, drawing conclusions, reporting findings
In Maths? In the Arts? In Technology? In PE?
Level 1
Novice
- observing
Level 2
Learner
- copying
Level 3
Practitioner
- demonstrating
Level 4
Expert
- self-regulating
Observes others performing tasks and using the skill
High levels of scaffolding from teacher needed
Copies others performance of the skill
Medium level of scaffolding needed
Can demonstrate the skill on demand
Minimal teacher scaffolding required
Can teach others the skill
No teacher scaffolding required
SKILLS HEIRARCHY
Level 1
The Novice
Observation
Level 2
The Learner
Emulation
Level 3
The Practitioner
Demonstration
Level 4
The Expert
Self-Regulation
Observes others performing
tasks and using the skill
Gains an understanding of
how the skill
operates and what the
distinguishing characteristics
of the skill are
Gathers procedural
information about the
performance of the skill, asks
questions to clarify
procedure
Errors are frequent
High levels of scaffolding
from teacher needed -
explanations, training,
structural support
Copies others performance
of the skill
Works through the skill in a
step by step fashion, seeks
clarification for correctness
of performance
Consolidation of learning is
occurring through
experience
Is very conscious of
performing the skill and
correcting errors with
deliberation
Performs skill only with
known content in known
context
Medium level of scaffolding
needed - correcting poor
Can demonstrate the skill on
demand
Flexibility of skill use in
different contexts is
developing
Automaticity is developing
Errors are corrected quickly
Can perform skill either with
different content or in
different context
Minimal teacher scaffolding
required setting directions,
goals, assessable outcomes
Can perform the skill without
thinking through the process
first
Can teach others the skill
Automaticity is established
Can use skill with unfamiliar
content in unfamiliar context
High levels of performance
occur
Any errors are corrected
automatically
No teacher scaffolding
needed
Top 10 ATL Skills needed
by your students
Novice
Observing
Learner
Copying
Practitioner
Demonstrating
Expert
Self-regulating
Self assess your own proficiency with your Top 10 ATL skills
Many skills remain the same throughout the IB years but the
complexity of the use of each skill increases
Each skill is manifested through the successful completion of
the summative task
Once the skill is identified in the ATL section of the unit planner
and the complexity of the use of the skill is specified in the
ACTION section of the unit planner, self-assessment can then
be used to measure proficiency
Potentially, many skills may be developed within the
teaching and learning in a unit, so it is important to be
strategic by considering:
The objective strand(s) that are being taught and
assessed by the subject group criteria
The summative task
The learning experiences that build to the
summative task
Mathematics Criterion C: Communicating (year 5),
Organize information using a logical structure
In order for a student to (strand) Organize information using a logical structure , students must (skill indicator) organize and depict information logically.
(ATL Category: Communication, Skill Cluster Communication)
Unit- Chemical Reactions
Summative task: scientific
investigation
ATL Category
Social
ATL Cluster
Collaboration:
Skill indicator: Give and receive meaningful feedback
Application to the summative task: Students will practice
giving and receiving feedback on their chemical reaction
investigation
For learning experiences that you plan to
deliver within the unit, consider which ATL
skills must be practiced in order to
successfully achieve the objective and access
the learning.
decide on the ATL skills to focus on
make the skills clear description, examples
have students self-assess skill proficiency
analyse class results for general skill deficiencies
develop lessons to bring all students up to the same
skill level (explicit)
build skill practice into subject lessons (implicit)
encourage students to regularly self-assess
proficiency up to Mastery level
Should I give students ATL grades? No.
Does the MYP require schools to report on students ATL skills development? No
Do schools have to develop a detailed scope and sequence, or formal curriculum map
for teaching ATL skills? No
Is it necessary to plan for teaching, assessing and reporting on all 5 IB ATL skill
categories, all 10 MYP ATL skill clusters or all ~150 skills practices listed in the MYP
ATL framework? No
Do schools have to provide documentary evidence of horizontal articulation of ATL
skills? No, but schools must be able to identify resources for and commitment to
collaborative planning that includes opportunities for both horizontal and vertical
articulation of the curriculum.
Robust horizontal articulation (year-level planning across subject groups) will include
discussion about ATL skills that cross disciplinary boundaries.
Content understanding of subject matter
- what dont I understand yet?
ATL skills progress towards mastery
- how competent do I now feel in each learning skill?
Strategy Use effectiveness of learning/teaching
strategies
- how effective for me were the learning strategies I was
exposed to or used myself, today?
Metacognition 1 Reflection on Content
Evaluate understanding of subject matter, identify gaps
What I dont understand is .......................
How do I .................?
What do I have to do to .......................?
What I need to know is .....................?
The thing I just dont get is ....................?
What do you mean when you say ................?
What questions do you have so far?
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
Metacognition 2 Reflection on ATL Skills Proficiency
ATL Skills Novice
observation
Learner
emulation
Practitioner
demonstration
Expert
self-regulation
Metacognition 3 Reflection on Learning Strategy
EffectivenessTopic Learning/Teaching
Strategy
Worked
well for me
Worked OK
for me
Did not
work for
me
Students SRL skills Data presentation
Soft skills import Video clip
ATL at my school 1:1 discussion
Think Alouds tengrams
ATL skills by subject Group work
Core generic ATL Gallery walk
Explicit/Implicit tchg Group discussion
Affective - courage Demonstration
Self-assessment Personal assess
FAQs Pres. & discuss
Metacog 1 - 3 reflection
6 billion cell phones in the world
85% of new phones are web enabled
2 billion broadband subscriptions
255 million websites
150 million blogs
8 trillion text messages sent in 2011
107 trillion emails 89% of which were spam
Youtube 72 hours uploaded every minute
3 billion videos viewed every day
every piece of subject matter was available to your students on the internet, and
they all had access to internet linked tablets, and
they all had access to high speed broadband all day....
What could teaching look like then?
A focus on the teaching of learning skills in 12 countries and
across the IB curricula
The proliferation of high quality school subject based
websites
The ubiquity of internet accessible devices
The availability of high speed broadband
The high level of comfort your students all have with the
digital world
Process Oriented Skills Based Guided Inquiry
Learning
To teach ATL Skills, practice inquiry learning
and develop self-regulated learners
Sugata Mitra
1) Work with the person next to you groups of 2-3 people with one
internet connected device per group
2) Connect to www.topmarks.co.uk
3) Select common interest subject and level click go
Early Years = < 5 yrs old
Key Stage 1 = 5 7
Key Stage 2 = 7 11
Key Stage 3 = 11 14
Key Stage 4 = 14 16
Advanced = 16 18
Higher Ed = > 18
4) Check out as many websites as you can
http://www.topmarks.co.uk/
Focus on developing the learning skills needed to learn the subject
matter effectively
Pose questions, outline problems, give clear measurable learning
objectives and time frames
Allow students to work collaboratively in small groups
Assign roles researcher, questioner, recorder, director
Enable them to connect to the best subject based internet (and
other) resources
Facilitate their journey
taolearn.com/students.php- the Art of Learning website with links to all the best free sites to help you design lessons and to help your students with their study including:
marktreadwell.com/Digital_Resources
marktreadwell.com/Image_Libraries
- huge libraries of digital resources for teachers
topmarks.co.uk - search engine for many great school subject websites
khanacademy.org- really clear clips explaining every part of most subjects
brightstorm.com- great videos and much more in Maths, Science and English (American English anyway)
http://www.brightstorm.com/
getrevising.co.uk/resources- all subjects at all levels, students sharing their own resources
studyblue.com/notes/high-schools/- all subjects, all levels, flashcards, quizzes and notes, on-line and on phone
johndclare.net and spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk- good sites for history, all countries, all ages
s-cool.co.uk and bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/- good resources for all subjects for GCSE or MYP
mrbartonmaths.com/goodsites.htm- a collection of free maths sites for GCSE or MYP
rod.beavon.clara.net/chemistry_contents.htm#Physical- great site for Chemistry at all levels
quizlet.com and easynotecards.com/index- flash card makers for most subjects
http://getrevising.co.uk/resourceshttp://www.studyblue.com/notes/high-schools/http://www.johndclare.net/http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/http://www.s-cool.co.uk/http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/http://www.rod.beavon.clara.net/chemistry_contents.htmhttp://www.quizlet.com/http://www.easynotecards.com/index
Technological limitations number of internet devices,
broadband & wifi availability and reliability?
Financial limitations cost of connectivity?
Lack of good subject based websites in Chinese?
Security, difficulty in isolating sites for students to use?
Focus, concentration issues with students on-line?
Lack of awareness in teachers of what is available on-line in their
subjects
Fear of trying something new?
BLOOMS REVISED TAXONOMY