PARTICULARMEDIA

PAINTING

Carel Weight

Anthony Green

Cy Twombly

Arth Daniels

Fernando Vicente

JMW Turner- Paintings of an extraordinary storm

Giuseppe Arcimboldo

Maggi Hambling- Waves

William Bowyer Landscapes

Anselm Kiefer

Kurt Jackson

Anselm Keifer

HENRI MATISSE

PABLO PICASSO

VINCENT VAN GOGH

PIERRE BONNARD

PAUL KLEE

PAUL CEZANNE

Franz Marc

William Kentridge

GEORGIA OKEEFFE

EDWARD HOPPER

LUCIEN FREUD

FRANCIS BACON

DAVID HOCKNEY

PETER BLAKE

PATRICK CAULFIELD

BRIDGET RILEY

MAGGIE HAMBLING

PAULA REGO

ROBERT LUCANDER

LIAM SPENCER

Elizabeth Peyton

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Chuck Close

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Chuck Close - PHOTOREALISM

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Gene Prokop.

Ron Hicks

THOMAS SCHUTTE

Erone

Phibs

Numskull

Jackson Pollock

Shozo Shimamoto

Gunter Brus

SCULPTURE

Subodh GuptaStainless steelcontainers

Gordon Baldwin

YaYa Chou

Peter CallesenPaper

YaYa Chousweets

Jeremy MayerTypewriters

Marcel duchamp Eva Hesse

David Kemp

Tony Cragg

BARBARA HEPWORTHHENRY MOORE

Lisa Milroy- Collections of ordinary objects

Claes Oldenburg- Everyday objects as giant sculptures

CONSTANTIN BRANCUSI ALBERTO GIACOMETTI

ANTHONY GORMLEY

ANDY GOLDSWORTHY

NICOLA HICKS

CLAES OLDENBERG

Drawing

Giacometti

URBAN ART

Mark WallingerState britain 2007

Swoon

ADAM NEATE

DAIM

GUY McKINLEY

MA CLAIMSNUG

MILES DONOVAN OKUDA

ZEPHYR

FUTURA 2000 SEEN

ILLUSTRATORS

Bicicleta SemFreio

JAMIE HEWLETT

SIMON BISLEY

Ian Macarthur

GLEN FABRY

H R GIGER

MAURICE SENDAK

RALPH STEADMAN

ALFONS MUCHA

AUBREY BEARDSLEY

YOSHITAKA AMANO

ALEX ROSS

MARTIN SHARP STANLEY MOUSE

SHAUN TAN

DAVE McKEAN

Karol Bak

Sarah King Artist

Gemma Anderson

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Dan Ah Kim

TEXTILES

Alli Coate

Marloes Duyker

Naomi Renouf

Carol Naynor

FASHION DESIGN

ALEXANDER McQUEEN

VIVIENNE WESTWOOD

VERSACE

YVES SAINT LAURENT

STELLA McCARTNEY

ISSEY MIYAKE

MARC JACOBS

DIOR

RITU BERI

JEAN-PAUL GAULTIER

ARCHITECTURE

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

LE CORBUSIER

RICHARD ROGERS

NORMANFOSTER

RICHARDMEIER

DANIEL LIBESKIND

FRANK GEHRY

ZAHA HADID

MIES VAN DER ROHE

GERRIT RIETVELD

WALTER GROPIUS

MODERN

Boyle Family

Wols

Marc Francis

RON MUECK ordinary people

Ron Mueck is a hyper realist sculptor using techniques developed during his career as a model and prop maker for films. He plays with scale. DUANE HANSON

Richard Billingham - family

Rineke Dijkstra- Photographs of ordinary people

Valie Export

Since the late sixties, VALIE EXPORT has concentrated on the body in her work, with the intention of challenging in a society characterized by a false egalitarianism of gender contradictions, pressures, and violence toward women. In her practice, performance is a means of investigating physical and psychological limits or is used as a device to destabilize sexist ideologies.

Lynn Hershman Leeson

Leeson's work has as its themes: identity in a time of consumerism, privacy in an era of surveillance, interfacing of humans and machines, and the relationship between real and virtual worlds. Her work grew out of an installation art and performance tradition. She explored interactivity with her video work

Barbara Kruger

yves klein

Vanessa Beescroft

Helena Almeida

Tracey EminMay Dodge, my nan

Tracey Emin

Gillian Wearing

Wearing has described her working method as editing life'. By using photography and video to record the confessions of ordinary people, her work explores the disparities between public and private life, between individual and collective experience.

Wearing began to use adult actors lip-synching the recorded confessions of children, and subjects, solicited from advertisements placed in newspapers, making confessions while wearing masks. The introduction of actors signalled an increasingly dramatic element in her work and a shift away from the use of documentary techniques.

Gillian WearingI decided that I wanted people to feel protected when they talked about certain things in their life that they wouldnt want the public that knows them to know. I can understand that sort of holding on to thingsits kind of part of British society to hold things in. I always think of Britain as being a place where youre meant to keep your secretsyou should never tell your neighbors or tell anyone. Things are changing now, because the cultures changed and the Internet has brought people out. We have Facebook and Twitter where people tell you small details of their life.[1]

Gregory Euclide

Sophie Calle

Her work frequently depicts human vulnerability, and examines identity and intimacy. She is recognised for her detective-like ability to follow strangers and investigate their private lives. Her photographic work often includes panels of text of her own writing.

Elke Krystufek

In her paintings, videos and performances, she appears to be offering the most private revelations about herself and her life, whether in form of her own photo album, her expressive self-portraits, or her intimate poses and explicit actions. But no matter how private or real these public displays may seem, they turn out to be more or less stereotypical gestures, based on socially conventional roles and preconceived patterns or behaviour

Gerhard Richter curtains and shadows

Ed Ruscha- Ribbon drawings

Slinkachu- Little worlds

Dispatchwork Series

Urban Repair Squad

Ben Heine

TheFunTheory.Com

Gregory Thielker

Tactia Dean

Ambroise Tezenas

Victor Rodriguez

Yinka Shonibare

Bert Stern

DAMIEN HIRST

MARCUS HARVEY

MARC QUINN

VIK MUNIZ

CHRIS OFILI TRACEY EMIN

D-Face

MICHAEL CRAIG MARTIN

JULIAN OPIE

Danny Haas

Jane Doe

James Fisher

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Beatriz Milhazes

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Marion Bolognesi

Terbywonder

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Fiona Rae

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Diana Al-Hadid

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Sara Rahbar

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Elizabeth Neel

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Kirstin Baker

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Alexandra Birken

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Silke Schatz

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Corinne Wasmuhlt

Julian Opie

RANKIN - Destroy Project

PHOTOGRAPHY

Teun Hocks

Gregory Crewdson

Caryn Drexl

Caryn Drexl

Francesca Woodman

Francesca Woodman

Tom Hunter

Dan Witz

Lauren Simonutti

Lauren Simonutti

Michael Donovan

Michael Donovan

Dan Mountford

Alexey

Indris Khan

CINDY SHERMAN

ANNIE LIEBOVITZRICHARD AVEDON

ANSELL ADAMS

HENRI CARTIER BRESSONKARSH

MAN RAY

ROBERT CAPA

BILL BRANDT

DON McCULLIN

RICHARD BILLINGHAMMARTIN PARR

ANDREAS GURSKY

DAVE HILL

MARIO TESTINO DAVID BAILEY

Tim Walker

Tim Walker

BARBARA KRUGER

DAVID HOCKNEY

MENTALGASSI

SETH BRUNDEL

Stephanie Lucas

Acrylic on Canvas

Joe Coleman'Mommy Daddy'

Detailed small drawing by Edmund Monsiel, from Outsider Art Sourcebook and Raw Vision #10

Edmund Monsiel

ART FROM OTHER

CULTURES

SAMUEL FOSSO

WILLIE BESTER

FRANCOIS THANGOCHERI SAMBA

BODYS ISEK KINGELEZ

HOKUSAI UTAMARO

HIROSHIGE

COLLAGE

Jacques Villegl

The photographs are composed of thousands of scanned images of objects from Hong Haos own life. These commonplace things are arranged by the artist using a computer. There is no traditional photo taken by a camera. Using a selection of brightly coloured objects from a variety of magazines/images sourced on the net please create a well thought out consumer pattern collage.

Hong Hao

Jacques Villegle

Peggy Wolf

David Hockney

John Stezaker

Erin Case

Matt Wisniewski

Linder Sterling

Partick Bremer

Wangechi Mutu

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INSTILLATION

Dan Flavin

Pop art

Andy Warhol- Ordinary Objects

Mixed Media

Jonathan Darby

Portraiture and Figures

Egon Schniele

Craft

Helaina Sharpley

Shelly Goldsmith

Su Blackwell

Michael Brennand Wood

Celia Smith

Lucy Brown

Debbie Smyth

Lynn Setterington

Cas Holmes

204Phil Yamada

205Jonathan Safran

Cathy Miles

THEMES IN ART

The Urban Environment The urban environments has provided

a rich source of material for artists such as Charles Sheeler, Paul Strand and the Boyle family. Their work focused on aspects of light , structure, shape and texture. Develop your own response, making reference to appropriate work by others.

Charles Sheeler 1883-1965

October 16th 1890 March 31st 1976

Paul StrandAmerican photographer and filmmaker

Boyle Family

Caricature Philip Guston, Romare Bearden & Stuart Pearson

Wright Have created images that are strongly influenced by caricature. Their images often have a political and/or a social dimension. Consider examples and develop work based on a theme of your choice in which caricature plays an important role in your representation of the human figure

Philip GustonJune 27th 1913 June 7th 1980

Romare Bearden1911-1988

Gallus gallus with Still Life and Presidents The BP portrait award winner 2001

STUART PEARSON WRIGHT

Contrasting Surface Qualities

The contrasting qualities of different surfaces can be seen in a range of work. You might like to look at the 17th century Dutch still-life paintings, the sculptures of Barbara Hepworth & the paintings of Fiona Rae & Peter Doig. Look at examples & produce work in which contrasting surface qualities are a significant Feature.

Vanitas

Barbara Hepworth

Fiona Rae

Peter Doig

Identity Frida Kahlo explored the nature of

identity, in her work, by changing her appearance and surroundings. Artists such as Francis Bacon and Lucian Freud have explored the nature of identity through portrait studies that go beyond superficial appearances. Consider appropriate work and develop your own response.

Frida Kahlo

Francis Bacon

Lucian Freud

Islamic Art & Architecture

The Art and Architecture of the Islamic world can provide a rich source of study

for artists. Decoration, symmetry and harmony are essential features. Look at the appropriate examples and develop a personal response to this theme based

on your research.

Islamic Art

Decoration

Islamic patterns/symmetry

Islamic Architecture

Performance Degas and Toulouse- Lautrec responded

in different ways to the contrasting qualities of light, tone and Colour observed in performances. A number of contemporary artists have used performance to express their ideas, often using videos to record their work. Develop a personal response to this theme, making reference to the work of others

Degas19 July 1834 27 September 1917

Toulouse-Lautrec24 November 1864 9 September 1901

Sam Taylor wood

Colour in a high Artists such as Erich Heckel, Sonia Delaunay

and Frank Stella have exploited the expressive potential of using colour in a high key. Research appropriate examples and produce two or three dimensional work in which colour in a high key plays a significant role

Erich HeckelGerman Expressionist Painter,

1883-1970

Sonia Delaunay

Frank Stella

The Human Condition Artists such as Goya, Munch and Zakine

have produced work that reveals aspects of the human condition in often challenging ways. Their different responses go beyond the superficial when dealing with political and social issues. Look at the examples and explore this idea in your own way.

GoyaSpanish Rococo Era/Romantic Painter and Printmaker,

1746-1828

Munch12 December 1863 23 January 1944

Ossip ZadkinRussian-born French Painter and Sculptor

A-LEVEL EXAM

ARTIST INSPIRATION

Unit 2 : AS Externally Set Assignment 2013

Covertand

ObscuredARTIST INSPIRATION

the history of place lied hidden beneath or within its

current appearance

many artists strive to catch a glimpse of that past which they

can sense in the present

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Andrew Wyethhttp://andrewwyeth.com/

Geraniums1960, drybrush on paper.

Potted flowers grown by Christina Olson sit here on the window sill of her house in Cushing, Maine. Through the window beyond the geraniums, one can see the model best known as the pink-dressed figure in Christina's World (1947 tempera, Museum of Modern Art, New York). Ms. Olson, her brother Alvaro, and their farm were subjects of Wyeth's paintings and drawings for decades ending with the siblings' deaths in the late 1960s. The house is now open to visitors through the Farnsworth Art Museum.

Graham Chorlton

midcoast of Maine returning to the artist's birthplace in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania each fall. This scene shows a splash of unexpected color in the chilly, dark days before spring. The painting was inspired by an actual incident when a bright piece of litter, a newspaper advertisement, blew across a snowy hillside.

Sunday Times1987, watercolor on paper.

A marked difference can be seen in the artist's palette in the Maine and Pennsylvania works, just as one can see the weather differ when comparing the summer and winter months. The artist and his family spent the warm months in the

Hotel Minerva'Hotel Minerva' (2007), the work that lends the exhibition its name, is of a hotel in Switzerland in which Chorlton has never stayed. His only encounter with it is through an old postcard he once found a postcard that reveals little information about the hotel, only that it is in Lugano, or once was. While not a particularly distinctive building, it has a grandeur and charm of its own, and may once have been the most modern and stylish place to stay in the area. The nostalgia of a vintage postcard, celebrating the local hot spots of yesteryear, is carried forward in Chorltons painting as a memory that was never experienced. For many British people at the time the hotel was built and the postcard printed, continental Europe was a far-away dream, a holiday destination only for the rich and glamorous a European imaginary before the days of budget airlines. Hotel Minerva captures this sense of longing through the filter of Swiss modernist architecture.

Graham Chorlton, Hotel Minerva, 2007, Oil and acrylic on canvas, 63.5 x 76.2 cm

Rachel Whiteread

Ghost 1990 Plaster on steel frame 269 x 355.5 x 317.5 cm

Rachel WhitereadNumber 193 Grove Road used to be an unexceptional Victorian house in the East End of London. Extensively remodelled, improved beyond habitability, it has become both monument and memorial. It has become Rachel Whiteread's House: a strange and fantastical object which also amounts to one of the most extraordinary and imaginative public sculptures created by an English artist this century. 193 Grove Road is no longer a home but the ghost of one perpetuated in art. It has no doors, no windows, no walls and no roof. It was made, simply by filling a house with liquidconcrete and then stripping the mould - that is, the house itself, roof tiles, bricks and mortar, doors and windows and all - away from it. The result could be described as the opposite of a house, since what it consists of is a cast of the spaces once contained by one. Andrew Graham-Dixon

Daniela GullottaHer work depicts large empty interiors, often of an industrial nature. Her intention is to draw the viewer's attention to the dramatic nature of space. Sometimes individual objects are emphasized and human presence is always suggested though never depicted.

Pantheon, 2010mixed media on wood140 x 200 cm

Interior (w.113), 2002mixed media on wood138 x 198 cm

Caspar David Friedrich

Monastery Graveyard In The Snow

Wreck in the Moonlight c. 1835

Temple in Agrient

Artist often use layers to hide or reveal information in their

work

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Christo and Jeanne-ClaudeWrapped Reichstag, Berlin, 1971-95

RembrandtThe small panel, "Old Man with a Beard", dating from about 1630, was brought to art historians in Amsterdam by a private collector who believed it bore striking similarities to the Dutch master's work. Unable to confirm the painter's identify despite several tantalising clues, the experts became convinced there was a second image lying underneath the surface which could solve the problem once and for all. They took the painting to two X-ray imaging laboratories, the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble, France, and the Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York in the hope of uncovering the hidden layers of paint.

Old Man with a Beard, dating from about 1630

The X-ray next to another self-portrait of Rembrandt

Caravaggio

Most artists executed rough preliminary drawings on the canvas before painting in order to be certain of composition and proportions. Amazingly, x-rays have revealed that Caravaggio did no such thing. Instead of preparatory drawings, the artist would trace rough indications in the first layers of paint with the handle of his brush, and then go right ahead with the rest of his painting.

Van Gogh

A new X-ray technique has revealed a previously unknown portrait of a woman by Vincent van Gogh, which was painted over by the artist. The peasant woman's face was hidden behind the work Patch of Grass, completed by Van Gogh in Paris in 1887. Van Gogh is known to have often reused canvasses to save money.

With a sophisticated X-ray analysis scientists have identified why parts of the Vincent Van Gogh painting 'Flowers in a blue vase' have changed colour over time - a supposedly protective varnish applied after the master's death has made some bright yellow flowers turn to an orange-grey colour.

Larry Rivers

"After 1961, popular and commercial images and insignia became a major element in Rivers' painting. He showed consistent if not immediately conscious preferences of subject in terms of his own particular attitudes and technical gifts. He was drawn to the Dutch Masters cigar box label because it in turn reproduced Rembrandt's Syndics, and gave him the opportunity to modulate a theme in both crude and more finished definition across popular media and back to its original source in fine art. The medium of traditional art is the theme of his popular subjects; the contemporary world, the object of his 'fine art' handling and painterly virtuosity."

Robert RauschenbergBed, 1955. Oil and pencil on pillow, quilt, and sheet on wood supports, 191.1 x 80 x 20.3 cm

Canyon, 1959. Oil, pencil, paper, metal, photograph, fabric, wood, canvas, buttons, mirror, taxidermied eagle, cardboard, pillow, paint tube and other materials, 207.6 x 177.8 x 61 cm

Rival, 1963. Lithograph, composition 60.3 x 44.1cm

Jasper Johns

White Numbers, 1957. Encaustic on canvas, 86.5 x 71.3 cm

0 through 9, 1961 (cast 1966). Aluminum, 66 x 50.2 x 2.2 cm

David Hepher

These works speak in a heterogeneous visual language, the Mondrianesque grids of the buildings are interrupted by segments of landscape torn

from other urban areas; streaks of paint mark their architectural anatomies; spray paint mimicking tags of graffiti litter the canvas.

Adriana Varejao

Azulejaria "de tapete" em carne viva, 1999oil on canvas and polyurethane on aluminum and wood support, 150 x 190 x 25 cm

A Malvada (The Wicked), 2009graphite on paper, 64 x 72 cm

The secret of private lives and experiences are often gidden

behind closed doors or expressions that give nothing

away

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Manet

Manet's Bar at the Folies-Berger

VelasquezLas Meninas, c. 1656, oil on canvas, 318 x 276 cm, Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid

video

This, the most famous of Velzquezs works, offers a complex composition built with admirable skill in the use of perspective, the depiction of light, and the representation of atmosphere. The Infanta Margarita, wears white and appears in the center of the composition, surrounded by her ladies in waiting, the meninas, along with two court buffoons and a mastiff. The King and Queen are reflected in the mirror at the back of the room, leading to series of extraordinarily complex spatial relations.

Caroline WalkerConservation, 2010, Oil on canvas, 200 x 290 cmOccupying a place between document and fiction, my painting practice explores the relationship of women to domestic space, and reflects on a history of representing women in art. The locating of a specific house, most recently a contemporary grand design, is the starting point for creating a set in which the fictitious scenarios I develop can unfold.

A combination of the existing contents of the house and additional props are used to subvert an idea of domestic order, while a lone female figure inhabits multiple characters from the cleaner, to the mistress, to the lady of the house.

Francis Bacon

Four Studies for a Self-Portrait, 1967, oil on canvas, 91.5 x 33 cm

Three Studies from the Human Body, 1967, oil on canvas, 197.5 x 147.6 cm

Justin Mortimer

Annexe, 2012, 240 x 180 cm

Creche, 2012, 220 x 180 cm

Paula Rego The Maids, 1987, Acrylic on canvas-backed paper, 213 x 244 cmThe story at the heart of the painting came to Paula Rego ready-made in the form of Jean Genets play The Maids (1947), itself based on the real-life case of the Papin sisters, Christine and Lea, who worked as maids for a rich Parisian family. One day, frightened for no apparent reason other than that of a power cut which inconvenienced and possibly frightened the sisters, they brutally murdered the mother and daughter of the family while the man of the house was out at work. In working with the story, Paula Rego

seems to have focused on the unnatural closeness of the sisters, both to each other and the mother and daughter they murder. Ambiguity and menacing psychosis reverberate within the picture, much of it carried in the objects with which the room is claustrophobically furnished.

The extraordinary often lied hidden within the ordinary

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Pieter de HooghDe Hooch is noted for his interior scenes and use of light. His favorite subjects were middle-class families in ordinary interiors and sunny courtyards, performing their humble daily duties in a calm atmosphere disrupted only by the radiant entry of natural light penetrating a door or window.

A Mother and Child with its Head in Her Lap, c. 1658-1660

The Courtyard in Delft, 1658Oil on canvas, 73.5 x 60 cm

Vermeer

Hotspots in the image!A Girl Reading a Letter by an Open Window, c. 1657oil on canvas, 83 x 64.5 cm

Young Woman with a Water Pitcher c. 1664-1665, oil on canvas, 45.7 x 40.6 cm

Hotspots in the image!

Chardin

Chardin is renowned for the quiet charm of his carefully constructed genre scenes and still lifes. His skill at recording the look and feel of objects was astutely commented upon in the 19th century.

The Silver Tureen , c. 1728, Oil on canvas, 76.2 x 108 cm

Sickert

Walter Sickert was one of the most influential British painters of his day. He thought that most paintings were too sentimental and that art needed to embrace the dark side of real life.

Ennui (boredom in French), c.1914 Oil on canvas, 152.4 x 112.4 cm

Girl at a Window, Little Rachel, 1907, Oil paint on canvas, 508 x 406 mm

Morandi

Winifred Nicholson

Blue Hyacinths in a Winter LandscapeOil on board, 1950s, 61 x 76cm

Cheeky ChicksOil on canvas1950 62 x 75cm

Nina MurdochPrawle Point, 2010, egg tempera on gesso panel, 48 x 78 in

Antony Gormley Another Place, 1997

Unit 4 : A2 Externally Set Assignment 2013

Inside,Outside,

In BetweenARTIST INSPIRATION

Louise BourgeoisMaman, 1999, Steel and marble, 9271 x 8915 x 10236 mm, Tate

Tate: Louise Bourgeois: Maman Work of the Week, 1 June 2010

"Maman", the giant egg-carrying spider, is a nurturing and protective symbol of fertility and motherhood, shelter and the home. With its monumental and terrifying scale, however, "Maman" also betrays this maternal trust to incite a mixture of fear and curiosity.

You Tube video Maman

Placing work of art inside, outside or in between specific

environments can have an important impact on our

perception of them.

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Damien Hirst BBC News, placement of the statue in pictures.

The Virgin Mother, 2005, Painted bronze, 10232 x 4620 x 2065 mm

Barbara Hepworth

The Family of Man, Bronze, 1970, complete groups at Yorkshire

Sculpture Park

Interview Hepworth

ancestors and an Ultimate form. In between they cover the various ages of man. They are abstract, but clearly represent people, becoming more sophisticated as they mature.

I kept on thinking of large works in a landscape: this has always been a dream in my mind.

The Family consists of 9 separate pieces individuals starting with a young girl and finishing with

Howard Hodgkin

Dark Evening, 2011, 52.7 x 66cm

The North Sea, 2000, 33.6 x 38.6cm, Oil on wood

Deviating from accepted formats creates interesting and dynamic

optical effects

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Anthony FrostAnthony Frost's paintings are bright, full of colour and expression. They include repeated motifs (lines, triangles and dots) and a mix of materials (acrylic, hessian, sail cloth, string and other materials that come to hand). This hints at a complexity in the work, which at first sight appears quite straightforward. Although there is an element of planning in each work, there is also a random element which manifests itself in the creative process: Adding a piece of material or a tie that can change the painting's direction in unplanned ways. Zimmer Stewart GalleryThe Beats, 25 x 25 cm, Mixed media on

canvas

Electric Honey, 76 x 61 cm, Mixed media on canvas

Sublime Frequencies II ,76 x 50 cm, Mixed media on canvas

Patrick Hughes

Three minute film

Open Space, 2012, 69 x 155 x 21 cm

Authorities, 2008,11 x 242 x 42 cm

Artist who use gallery space as an integral part of the work of art with installations that utilise the buildings they are houses in...

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Anish Kapoor

Svayambh, 2007, Wax and oil-based paintDimensions variable

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Craftworkers also exploit the potential of the

interesting shaped surfaces on the many different forms

they create

Craftworkers

Capturing the effects of light when passing from inside to

outside

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Edward Hopper

Summer Evening 1947; Oil on canvas, 30 x 42 inches

Nighthawks, 1942Oil on canvas84.1 x 152.4 cm

Morning Sun, 1952, Oil on canvas, 28 1/8 x 40 1/8 inches

Maybe I am not very human - what I wanted to do was to paint sunlight on the side of a house.

Ken Howard

Cannareggio, Venice, 2005

Summer Evening, Sennen

From the Royal Exchange, Rain Effect

Zoos and wildlife parks provide spectacular opportunities for artists to encounter terrifying

wild creatures in what would be perilously close proximity wild

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Henri Rousseau, Surprised, 1891, Oil on canvas, 129.8 x 161.9 cm

Cologne Cathedral, Germany

Anyone who can experienced breaking down on a busy motorway,

and stepped out of a safe and comfortable vehicle, noisy and

dangerous roadside verge, will be aware of how powerful an experience

such a transition can be.

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Edward Seago

The Anvil Cloud , Oil on canvas, 101.6 x 127 cm The Rainbow , after 1945, Oil on board, 22.2 x 27.1 cm

Evening Haze, Thurne Dyke, Norfolk , Oil on canvas board, 21.6 x 26.7 cm

A Norfolk Village, Aldeby , Oil on canvas, 75.9 x 101.5 cm

John Virtue John Virtue's monochromatic landscape is from a series of views of London taken from different points along the River Thames. St Paul's Cathedral can be seen from the river, looking towards Blackfriars Bridge, its monumental dome modelled in viscous black paint. Initially, it seems as if little else is distinguishable, but gradually other details start to emerge, such as the steeple of a church on the horizon. This painting and 'Landscape No.664', another work by John Virtue in the Government Art Collection, are the result of a unique working process which Virtue has developed during his career. He applies paint to the canvas using a wide gamut of tools, including brushes, rollers, basting syringes, spray guns and calligraphy brushes, and sometimes even his fingers and toes.

Landscape No.662 , 2003 White acrylic, black ink, shellac & emulsion on canvas, 183 x 183 cm

JMW TurnerTurner is perhaps the best-loved English Romantic artist. He became known as 'the painter of light', because of his increasing interest in brilliant colours as the main constituent in his landscapes and seascapes.

Dutch Boats in a Gale1801, Oil on canvas, 162.5 x 221 cm

The Fighting Temeraire, 1839, Oil on canvas90.7 x 121.6 cm

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Portals into different worlds or environments are often explored by

artists and writers. Doorways, windows and mirrors have been

used as devices to allow the viewer glimpses into secret places. Self-portraits often allow the viewer to effectively step into the painters studio or even gain access to the

artist psyche.

Jan Van EyckThis work is a portrait of Giovanni di Nicolao Arnolfini and his wife, but is not intended as a record of their wedding. His wife is not pregnant, as is often thought, but holding up her full-skirted dress in the contemporary fashion. The ornate Latin signature translates as 'Jan van Eyck was here 1434'. The mirror reflects two figures in the doorway. One may be the painter himself. Arnolfini raises his right hand as he faces them, perhaps as a greeting.

The Arnolfini Portrait, 1434, Oil on oak, 82.2 x 60 cm

VelasquezLas Meninas, c. 1656, oil on canvas, 318 x 276 cm, Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid

video

This, the most famous of Velzquezs works, offers a complex composition built with admirable skill in the use of perspective, the depiction of light, and the representation of atmosphere. The Infanta Margarita, wears white and appears in the center of the composition, surrounded by her ladies in waiting, the meninas, along with two court buffoons and a mastiff. The King and Queen are reflected in the mirror at the back of the room, leading to series of extraordinarily complex spatial relations.

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When a building loses its roof or windows, nature is quick to invade and reclaim the space. Artists have

often used this imagery to make powerful statements about the

fragility of human existence and the futility of attempting immortality.

Richard WilsonJohn CromeJohn Sell CotmanThomas GirtinRichard Parkes BoningtonJohn Constable

English Romanticism

JMW Turner

Before he had entered the Royal Academy schools at the age of 14, Turner had worked as an architectural draughtsman. This training is evident in his fascination with the famous ruins of Tintern Abbey. Tourists of the time were as much impressed by the way that nature had reclaimed the monument as by the scale and grandeur of the buildings. Turner's blue-green washes over the abbey's far wall blend stone and leaf together.

Ruins of West Front, Tintern Abbey c.1794-5, Watercolour and graphite on paper, 32,5 x 23,5 cm

John PiperChrist Church, Newgate Street, 1941

Incendiary bombs gutted Christ Church during the Blitz. Impression of east end of church, built by Wren, as it looked from nave the morning after it had been gutted by incendiary bombs from a Nazi air attack. Christ Church steeple, also seriously damaged, was re-erected in 1960 but the church was never fully restored. This is one of a group of paintings John Piper produced in December 1940 and January 1941 featuring London's bomb-damaged churches.

Anselm Kiefer

Shulamite ,1983. Oil, emulsion, woodcut, shellac, acrylic, and straw on canvas. 541 x 368.3 cm

Audio Athanor

Athanor, 1991, oil, sand, ash, gold leaf and lead foil on canvas, 225 x 380 cm

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The ability to visualise the finished piece as if it was trapped inside the raw material has been appreciated

by many sculptors.

Michelangelo

Piet, St Peters, Rome, 14991500

David, 1501-1504 Gallery of the Academy of Fine Arts

In every block of marble I see a statue as plain as though it stood before me, shaped and perfect in attitude and action. I have only to hew away the rough walls that imprison the lovely apparition to reveal it to the other eyes as mine see it

Auguste Rodin

The Kiss, Le Baiser, 1901-4, Pentelican marble, object: 1822 x 1219 x 1530 mm, 3180 kg

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The idea of releasing a person or animal from an inorganic block and bringing it to life has inspired artist

for many centuries

Ron Mueck

"Peek inside and you can see teeth, gums and even a little faux saliva," writes Plagens of "Mask II." "Stand beside it for a moment, and you'll swear you can hear him snore." Mask II, 2000

Ron Mueck is a London-based photo-realist artist. Born in Melbourne, Australia, to parents who were toy makers, he labored on childrens television shows for 15 years before working in special effects for films . Muek then started his own company making models to be photographed for advertisements. Eventually he concluded that photography pretty much destroys the physical presence of the original object, and so he turned to fine art and sculpture.

A seven-foot adolescent girl in a bathing suit, "Ghost" was "the perfect metaphor for her poignant discomfort with her own body

Ghost, 1998 Fibreglass, silicon, polyurethane foam, acrylic fibre and fabric

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Many naturally occurring objects have startling contrasts between their inner and outer surfaces. Fruits such as watermelon, lychee, coconut, kiwi fruit and shells like abalone, conch and mussel demonstrate this. Some organic structures including jellyfish and prawns are so transparent that their internal organs can be seen

through their outer skins. Still life painters have been fascinated by these objects.

Pierre DupuisNature morte avec des oiseaux morts

Juan Snchez Cotn

Juan Sanchz Cotn developed the basic components of "bodegones," or still lifes: dark background, mostly fruits and vegetables, shadows and shades to create a realistic appearance, and the use of various types of lighting. His still lifes are executed flawlessly and look almost like photographs.

Still Life with Game, Vegetables, Fruit, 1602

Quince, Cabbage, Melon, and Cucumber, 1602

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Many of these painters simply revelled in the sumptuousness and beauty of such

objects, seeking no other purpose that to produce as lifelike an image as possible.

Laura Shechter

Once the outlines of the images are transferred to the canvas, I start painting. I control my light source--that's why it's dark in here. I want a very specific light--I'm really trying to capture a Moment of Light. My goal is to convey the precise visual sensation of the surfaces of the objects at one instant of light.

White Porcelain Heart, 2002, Oil on Canvas Still Life with White Heron, 1998, Oil on Canvas