INLIVING ORGANISMS

Used by many unicellular organisms, plants, and lower animals.

Involves only mitotic cell division = each offspring has exactly the same heredity as its parent.

Usually rapid compared to sexual reproduction. Types of Asexual Reproduction Include:

1. BINARY FISSION2. BUDDING3. SPORE FORMATION4. REGENERATION5. VEGETATIVE PROPOGATION

NATURAL ARTIFICIAL

Nucleus of parent cell replicates and the parent cell divides in 2 Equal halves .

No parent remains The 2 daughter cells grow to normal size individual.

Occurs in Algae, Bacteria and Protozoa. ,

Parent organism divides into 2 Unequal halves.

Daughter cell forms from outgrowth grow as an independent individual.

The outgrowth is known as BUD.

Buds may breakoff or remain attached and form a Colony.

hydra yeast

Production of many spores in a special spore producing structure ( spore case)

Spores are microscopic, specialized cells,

containing nucleus and cytoplasm.

Nucleus is close within a hard case.

Occurs in molds , ferns and mushrooms.

Ability to back missing parts. More the organism is complete harder to

grow the missing parts. Occurs in simple organisms such as --- flat

worm

and

grow

starfish

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Leber_Schaf.jpg

Development of a new plant from the vegetative part of a plant.

Common in plants- using stems, leaves, or roots.

Can occur naturally or artificially.

Bulb-

Corm-

Tuber-

Runner-

Rhizome-

Short underground stem with stored food & fleshy leaves Ex. Onion, tulip

Short underground stem with stored food Ex. Water chestnut

Enlarged underground stem Ex. potato

(stolon) horizontal stem with buds along ground’s surface Ex. strawberry

Underground horizontal stem

Ex. ginger

BulbBulb

CormRhizome

Runner

Cutting- use of plant to reproduce (Ex. )

Layering- stem is over and covered with will root and form plant (Ex. )

Grafting- stem or bud of one plant is to another plant

(Ex. )

partSpider plant

bent soilnew raspberry

joined

Seedless fruit treepermanently

Layering Grafting

scion

stock