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Tissues
• Group of cells with similar structure and function.
• Four primary types.• Each type has its own
basic role in the body• Organized into organs
such as the kidney and the heart.
Epithelial/Muscle/Connective/Nervous/Credits
Epithelial Tissue
• Sheet of cells that cover a body surface.
• Form boundaries between different environments.
• Role as an interface tissue allows many functions.
• Classified by its shape and number of layers
Simple/Stratified/Glandular/Home
Simple Epithelia
• One of the names given to the epithelia in the classification system
• All types have a single layer of cells
• Generally located where absorption, filtration, and secretion occur
Simple Squamous/Simple Cuboidal/Simple Columnar/Pseudostratified Columnar/Epithelial/Home
Simple Squamous
• Made up of cells flattened laterally with sparse cytoplasm.
• Functions in diffusion and filtration
• Create a smooth resistance-free lining in the lymphatic and cardiovascular systems
• Two types: endothelium and mesothelium
Simple Cuboidal/Simple Columnar/Pseudostratified Columnar/Simple Epithelia/Epithelial/Home.
Simple Cuboidal
• Cells are cube-shaped with spherical nuclei
• Main functions are secretion and absorption
• Forms walls of the smallest ducts of glands and of kidney tubules
Simple Squamous/Simple Columnar/Pseudostratified Columnar/Simple Epithelia/Epithelial/Home.
Simple Columnar
• Tall, closely packed cells.
• Lines the digestive tract.• Contains dense
microvilli and goblet cells.
Simple Squamous/Simple Cuboidal/Pseudostratified Columnar/Simple Epithelia/Epithelial/Home.
Pseudostratified Columnar
• Cells varying in height• Function in the secretion
and propulsion of mucus• Present in male sperm-
carrying ducts and trachea
• Ciliated and non-ciliated versions
Simple Squamous/Simple Cuboidal/Simple Columnar/Simple Epithelia/Epithelial/Home
Stratified Epithelium
• Second name given to epithelia in the classification system
• Consists of two or more cell layers
• Regenerate cells from below• More durable than the
simple epithelium• Major role is protection
Stratified Squamous /Stratified Cuboidal /Stratified Columnar /Transitional /Epithelial Tissue/Home
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
• Thick membrane• Role is in the protection
of underlying areas• Form the external part
of the skin• Keratinized and
nonkeratinized versions
Stratified Cuboidal /Stratified Columnar / Transitional/ Stratified Epithelium /Epithelial /Home
Stratified Cuboidal
• Quite rare form of stratified epithelium
• Found in the ducts of some larger glands
• Typically two layers of cells thick
Stratified Squamous /Stratified Columnar /Transitional /Stratified Epithelium /Epithelial /Home
Stratified Columnar
• Limited distribution of stratified columnar epithelium throughout the body.
• Small amounts found in the pharynx and male urethra
• Lines some of the glandular ducts
• Found in the “transitional areas”
Stratified Squamous /Stratified Cuboidal /Transitional /Epithelial /Home
Transitional Epithelium
• Lines the hollow urinary organs
• Its basal cell layer usually consists of cuboidal or columnar cells
• Cells stretch to allow expansion
Stratified Squamous /Stratified Cuboidal /Stratified Columnar /Stratified Epithelium /Epithelial /Home
Glandular Epithelium
• Glands consist of one or more cells
• Secrete a particular product
• Classified as either endocrine or exocrine glands
Endocrine/Exocrine/Epithelial/Home
Endocrine Glands
• Often called the “ductless glands”
• Produce hormones excreted by exocytosis
• Structurally diverse
Glandular Epithelium /Exocrine Glands /Epithelial/Home
Exocrine Glands
• More numerous than the endocrine glands
• Secrete products onto body surfaces or into body cavities
• Multicellular and unicellular versions
Endocrine Glands /Glandular Epithelium /Epithelial/Home
Connective Tissue
• Most numerous of the primary tissues
• Binds and supports, protects, insulates, and transports
• Made up of three main elements
• Mesenchyme is their common tissue of origin
Connective Tissue Proper /Cartilage/Bone/Blood/Home
Connective Tissue Proper
• Made up of two subclasses: loose and dense connective tissue
• Includes all mature tissues except bone, blood, and cartilage
• ADD MORE
Loose Connective Tissue /Dense Connective Tissue /Connective Tissue /Home
Loose Connective Tissue
• Three types: areolar (as pictured), adipose, and reticular
• Areolar connective tissue cushions organs
• Adipose connective tissue reserves food stores, insulates against heat loss, and supports and protects
• Reticular connective tissue forms a soft internal skeleton to support other cell types
Dense Connective Tissue /Connective Tissue Proper /Connective Tissue /Home
Dense Connective Tissue
• Fibers are its predominant element
• Consists of dense regular and dense irregular tissue
• Attaches muscles to bone or other muscles and bone to bone
Loose Connective Tissue /Connective Tissue Proper /Connective Tissue /Home
Cartilage Tissue
• Possesses qualities transitional of the dense connective tissue and bone
• Tough but flexible• Chondroblasts are its
predominant cell type
Hyaline Cartilage /Elastic Cartilage /Fibrocartilage/ Connective Tissue /Home
Hyaline Cartilage
• Most abundant cartilage type
• Supports, reinforces, cushions, and resists compression
• Found in the embryonic skeleton
Elastic Cartilage Tissue /Fibrocartilage /Cartilage /Connective /Home
Elastic Cartilage
• More elastic fibers allow for stretch ability
• Nearly identical to hyaline cartilage
• Supports ear “skeleton” and epiglottis
Hyaline Cartilage /Fibrocartilage/Cartilage/ Connective/Home
Fibrocartilage Cartilage
• Characteristics in between hyaline cartilage and dense regular connective tissues
• Compressible and resists tension
• Found in the vertebral discs and makes up cartilage of knee joint
Hyaline Cartilage /Elastic Cartilage /Cartilage/Connective/Home
Bone Tissue
• Hard, calcified matrix• Supports and protects• Has cavities for fat
storage
Connective Tissue /Home
Blood Tissue
• Makes up fluid within blood vessels
• Transports respiratory gases, nutrients, and wastes
• ADD MORE
Connective Tissue /Home
Muscle Tissue
• Responsible fore most types of body movement
• Possess myofilaments• Three different types:
smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle tissue
Smooth Muscle /Skeletal Muscle /Cardiac Muscle /Home
Smooth Muscle Tissue
• Spindle-shaped cells• Found in the walls of
hollow organs• Propels substances
along internal passageways
Skeletal Tissue /Cardiac Tissue /Muscle Tissue /Home
Skeletal Muscle Tissue
• Long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells
• Initiates and controls voluntary movement
• Attached to the bones of the skeleton
Smooth Muscle /Cardiac Muscle /Muscle Tissue /Home
Cardiac Muscle Tissue
• Branching, striated uninucleate cells
• Only found in the walls of the heart
• Propels blood to the whole body as it contracts
Smooth Muscle /Skeletal Muscle /Muscle Tissue /Home
Nervous Tissue
• Main component of the nervous system
• Contains specialized cells called neurons
• Found in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves
Home
Credits
This slide show presented by Ashley Taylor:All photos provided by:• Http://flickr.com
• Jorrflv• Dragonfly- “Handle with care”• Slc.biol- “PA030025”• Christi’s photos- “Simple squamous epithelium” and “Stratified squamous epithelium
keratinized”• Eecue- “Pig Motor Nerve” and “Dense Connective Tissue”• Greenflames09- “Thyroid Gland 7”• Akay- “hyalinecartilage”• Krisheding- “Skeletal shoulder” and “Skeletal hand”
All Text Provided by:• Marieb, N. Elaine R.N., Ph.D. and Hoehn, Katja M.D. Ph.D.“Human Anatomy and Physiology.” Pearson
Education, Inc. Copyright 2007. San Fransisco, CA.
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