of 64
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
1/64
Unit 4Unit 4
Leading AncientLeading Ancient
StatesStates
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
2/64
ChineseChinese
CivilizationCivilization
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
3/64
Roots of Chinese CivilizationRoots of Chinese Civilization
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
4/64
Distinct physical appearance of Pan Ku
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
5/64
Xia Dynasty (2205- 1766 BC)Prince Yu
was regarded as the first princeof the legendary Xia dynasty
He fought of the river to save his
kingdom from destruction thatmassive floods bring.
If not for Yu, we would all have
been fishes
Xia Dynasty lasted for 14 generations before decliningXia Dynasty lasted for 14 generations before declining
& being superseded by the Shang Dynasty.& being superseded by the Shang Dynasty.
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
6/64
It cannot be ascertained that it was
indeed Prince Yu who established the
Xia Dynasty in 2205 BC. It is possiblethat Prince Yu supposedly fought off
was the Huang Ho or Yellow River
which may be found in Northwest
China where the early Xia and Shang
civilization were founded.
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
7/64
Huang Ho or Yellow river
Farming
Community
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
8/64
Silkworm
Spun silk thread
Spun silk
cloth
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
9/64
Shang Dynasty
Is almost similar with the Xia dynasty
Materials and designs of buildings
Animal bones and tortoise shells were used
as talisman and for healing infirmities
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
10/64
Powerful
Heavens Mandate
Is a concept in which Chinese people
believed that kings were sent by gods to
rule over and administer them. They
lead the people in making offerings and
seeking the intercession of their gods.
Became the basis and justification for
dynasties
Societys leaders
Compose of ruling families, officials of
the kings court, including those who
possessed mystical powers and
advisers of the kings entire family.
Ordinary people
Peasants and their families
Lived in the countryside
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
11/64
Shang were often at war with neighbouring people & moved
their capital several times, Shang kings could mobilize large
armies for warfare and huge numbers of workers to
construct defensive walls and elaborate tombs.
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
12/64
The capitals were also moved several times
due to the overflowing of the Huang Ho.
Shang priests performed many rituals
including human sacrifices to implore the
gods to spare their kingdom from therampaging waters.
The worship of ancestors were also
widespread during the Shang. Kings were
buried with ritual vessels, weapons, jades
and numerous servants and sacrificial victimssuggesting that the Shang believe in afterlife.
The people believed that each person had
two kinds of spirits one is left in this world
and while the other one joins the spirit
world.
Shang dynasty ended in 110 BC due to
unclear reasons. Some historians say that its
because the Shang leaders had last the
heavens mandate, and therefore must be
replaced.
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
13/64
The last centre of the dynasty was
set up in the province of Hunan.
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
14/64
Cultural LinkagesCultural Linkages
66thth Century BCCentury BC-- Cyrus the GreatCyrus the Great
--created Persiacreated Persia
Darius IDarius I -- ZoroastroanismZoroastroanism
--centralized governmentcentralized government
Alexander the GreatAlexander the Great
-- conquered the Persia.conquered the Persia.
--Died at 323 BCDied at 323 BC
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
15/64
Seleucid EmpireSeleucid Empire
a successor state ofAlexander the Great'sa successor state ofAlexander the Great'sempire.empire.
It was a major center ofHellenistic cultureIt was a major center ofHellenistic culturewhich maintained the preeminence ofGreekwhich maintained the preeminence ofGreekcustoms and where a Greekcustoms and where a Greek--speakingspeakingMacedonian lite dominated.Macedonian lite dominated.
Bactria became a part ofthe Seleucid Empire,Bactria became a part ofthe Seleucid Empire,named after its founder, Seleucus I.named after its founder, Seleucus I.
Nomadic Kushan tribe conquered them.Nomadic Kushan tribe conquered them.
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
16/64
Coin of Seleucus I Nicator.
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
17/64
ParthiaParthia
ParthiaParthia is a region ofnorthis a region ofnorth--eastern Iran, besteastern Iran, best
known for having been the political and culturalknown for having been the political and culturalbase ofthebase ofthe ArsacidArsacid dynasty, rulers ofthedynasty, rulers ofthe
Parthian Empire.Parthian Empire.
Controlled the region in the beginningof250Controlled the region in the beginningof250
BC.BC.
In 224 AD, PersianIn 224 AD, Persian SassanidsSassanids replaced themreplaced them
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
18/64
I
ndian ExpansionI
ndian Expansion
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
19/64
Early IndiaEarly India Composed ofBangladesh, Pakistan, andComposed ofBangladesh, Pakistan, and
present day India.present day India.
Total land area: 4.2 million km. sq.Total land area: 4.2 million km. sq.
Shape: triangleShape: triangle
Routes ofIndian invaders:Routes ofIndian invaders:
1. Human made passages in mountain ranges1. Human made passages in mountain ranges
ofHinduofHindu kushkush--northwestern part ofcountry.northwestern part ofcountry.2. sea2. sea--western countrieswestern countries
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
20/64
Aryan SettlementAryan Settlement Nomadic people from central AsiaNomadic people from central Asia
Settled in the upper reaches ofSettled in the upper reaches ofGangeticGangetic plainsplains
Language: indo European familiesLanguage: indo European families
Passed through the Khyber passPassed through the Khyber pass
Settled at Hindustan land ofthe HindusSettled at Hindustan land ofthe Hindus
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
21/64
DaisyusDaisyus/Dravidians/Dravidians
Natives ofIndiaNatives ofIndia
Characteristics:aCharacteristics:a race ofshort, dark skin peoplerace ofshort, dark skin people
who lived in areas with highwho lived in areas with high fenchesfenches Residence ofHarappaResidence ofHarappa
Driven away by the AryansDriven away by the Aryans
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
22/64
15001500--900 BC900 BC-- Vedic PhaseVedic Phase
First civilization developed by the AryansFirst civilization developed by the Aryans
Vedas: collection oforally transmitted texts ofVedas: collection oforally transmitted texts of
hymns ofdevotion to God, manuals ofsacrificeshymns ofdevotion to God, manuals ofsacrificesand worship. Veda means knowledgeand worship. Veda means knowledge
Rig Veda: oldestRig Veda: oldest vedaveda
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
23/64
Aryans lived in rural areas and slowly moved toAryans lived in rural areas and slowly moved toGangeticGangetic PlainsPlains
--wayof living improved into semiwayof living improved into semi-- nomadicnomadic
Social and political structure changesSocial and political structure changes
--houses: made from hardened mudhouses: made from hardened mud
--type offamily: extendedtype offamily: extended
--head offamily: fatherhead offamily: father
--women: high statuswomen: high status
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
24/64
Caste SystemCaste System
describes the social stratification and socialdescribes the social stratification and social
restrictionsrestrictions
A.A. BrahmansBrahmans-- priestspriests
B.B. KshatriyasKshatriyas--warriors and rulerswarriors and rulers
C.C. VaisyasVaisyas-- merchants, farmers, tradersmerchants, farmers, tradersD.D. SudrasSudras-- artisans, laborers, servantsartisans, laborers, servants
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
25/64
Two great epics that contain information aboutTwo great epics that contain information about
Aryan life:Aryan life: Mahabharata: discussion ofthe four "goals ofMahabharata: discussion ofthe four "goals of
life" orlife" or purusharthaspurusharthas as dharma (right action),as dharma (right action),arthaartha (purpose),(purpose), kamakama (pleasure), and(pleasure), and mokshamoksha(liberation).(liberation).
--battle between two noble familiesbattle between two noble families
Ramayana: life and struggles ofRamaRamayana: life and struggles ofRama
900 BC900 BC city states along coast line ofGangescity states along coast line ofGangesriverriver
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
26/64
AryansAryans
Livelihood: carpenters, makers ofbronze toolsLivelihood: carpenters, makers ofbronze tools
Religion: worshiped godsReligion: worshiped gods
a.a. IndraIndra-- god ofwarriorsgod ofwarriorsb.b. VarunaVaruna-- god ofheavensgod ofheavens
c.c. RudraRudra-- god ofrainsgod ofrains
Persian empire fell India was left open, thisPersian empire fell India was left open, this
prompted Alexander the Great to comeprompted Alexander the Great to come
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
27/64
330 BCAlexander went to India and won the330 BCAlexander went to India and won the
battle againstbattle against porusporus Indian King.Indian King.
He stopped there and went to Babylonia
He stopped there and went to Babyloniawhere he got Malaria and died in 323 BCwhere he got Malaria and died in 323 BC
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
28/64
SeleucusSeleucus NicatorNicator II
Patron ofSeleucidPatron ofSeleucid
Attempted to take over the territoriesAttempted to take over the territories
established by Alexander but did not win againstestablished by Alexander but did not win againstthethe MauryansMauryans
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
29/64
MauryanMauryan Empire (321Empire (321--184 BC)184 BC)
ChandraguptaChandragupta MauryaMaurya: established: established MauryanMauryan
DynastyDynasty
PataliputraPataliputra: center of: center ofMauryanMauryan DynastyDynasty India became unified under theIndia became unified under the leadeshipleadeship ofanofan
emperoremperor
HisHis minitersminiters assisted himassisted him
TownTown fundamental unit ofgovernmentfundamental unit ofgovernment
Local chiefLocal chief administered the townadministered the town
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
30/64
To wns district provinceTo wns district province
ViceroyViceroy-- member ofa royal family that rulesmember ofa royal family that rules
over a provinceover a province
Under the power ofUnder the power ofMauryanMauryan EmperorEmperor
a. unityofIndiaa. unityofIndia
b. economy progressb. economy progress
c. agriculturec. agriculture heavy taxesheavy taxes irrigationirrigation
d. other livelihood: mining andd. other livelihood: mining and traidingtraiding
e. commerce improvede. commerce improved
f. freedom ofreligion: Hinduism, Buddhism,f. freedom ofreligion: Hinduism, Buddhism,
JainismJainism
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
31/64
KautilyaKautilya
Adviser ofthe emperorAdviser ofthe emperor
He authored He authored ArthasastraArthasastra------ political discoursepolitical discourse
-- the emperor must do good and bad means tothe emperor must do good and bad means tomaintain his authoritymaintain his authority
To avoid revolts: penaltyTo avoid revolts: penalty
298 BC: Chandragupta died298 BC: Chandragupta died Being lenient and having big heart: his legacyBeing lenient and having big heart: his legacy
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
32/64
Bindustra(298Bindustra(298-- 272 BC)272 BC)
Chandraguptas sonChandraguptas son
replaced Chandraguptareplaced Chandragupta
The empire extended to the eastern part ofThe empire extended to the eastern part of indiaindia
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
33/64
AshokaAshoka
(269
BC(269
BC 232
BC)232
BC) Grandson ofChandraguptaGrandson ofChandragupta
DefeatedDefeated KalindasinKalindasin in 261 BCin 261 BC
Built shrines and monasteriesBuilt shrines and monasterieswithwith Buddhists teachingsBuddhists teachings
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
34/64
Gupta Dynasty (320Gupta Dynasty (320--500AD)500AD)
(Golden Age ofHinduism)(Golden Age ofHinduism)
320AD:320AD: Chandragupta IChandragupta I, ruler of, ruler ofMagadha kingdom, united the peopleMagadha kingdom, united the peopleand founded the Gupta Dynastyand founded the Gupta Dynasty
North India: capital ofGupta DynastyNorth India: capital ofGupta Dynasty
1. they got the control over rich1. they got the control over richmineral deposits and trade in Gangesmineral deposits and trade in Gangesseasea
2. political alliance with the2. political alliance with the
LicchayiLicchayi and married aand married a LicchayiLicchayiprincessprincess
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
35/64
SamudraguptaSamudragupta
(335(335--375AD)375AD)
Chandragupta I died in 335 ADChandragupta I died in 335 AD
SamudraguptaSamudragupta: his son continued the quest for: his son continued the quest forterritorial expansionterritorial expansion
Defeated powerful feudal statesDefeated powerful feudal states He took the kingdoms of andHe took the kingdoms of and PadmavatiPadmavati,, MalwasMalwas, the, the
YaudheyasYaudheyas, the, the ArjunayanasArjunayanas, the, the MadurasMaduras and theand theAbhirasAbhiras, he had incorporated over twenty kingdoms, he had incorporated over twenty kingdomsextended from the Himalayasextended from the Himalayas
firm believer in Hinduismfirm believer in Hinduism
He gave himselfthe titlesHe gave himselfthe titles King of KingsKing of Kingsandand WorldWorldMonarchMonarch. He is considered the. He is considered theNapoleon of north IndiaNapoleon of north India..
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
36/64
Chandragupta IIChandragupta II
Son ofSon ofSamudraguptaSamudragupta
Instrument ofpeace andInstrument ofpeace and
development to north Indiadevelopment to north India Supported art and sciencesSupported art and sciences
Information about his leadership can be found:Information about his leadership can be found:
Writings ofWritings ofF
aF
a HsienHsien--chinesechinese BuddhistBuddhistWritinmgsWritinmgs ofofKalidasaKalidasa
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
37/64
According toAccording to FaFa HsienHsien::
People lived a prosperous and plentiful lifePeople lived a prosperous and plentiful life
The king was generous, patient and never resortThe king was generous, patient and never resort
harsh punishmentharsh punishment HospitalsHospitals-- free health servicesfree health services
TravelersTravelers-- free accommodationsfree accommodations
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
38/64
Golden Age ofIndian CivilizationGolden Age ofIndian Civilization
A. LiteratureA. Literature
dramas and poems ofdramas and poems ofKalidasaKalidasa
ex.ex. SakuntalaSakuntala-- romantic dramaromantic drama PuranasPuranas-- collection ofmyths andcollection ofmyths and
philosophical dialogues, basic source for talesphilosophical dialogues, basic source for tales ofofgods central to Hinduismgods central to Hinduism
Vishnu, Shiva andVishnu, Shiva and ShaktiShakti
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
39/64
B. Science and technology was higher than EuropeB. Science and technology was higher than Europe
The use ofZeroThe use ofZero Decimal SystemDecimal System
C. Trade and CommerceC. Trade and Commerce
Indian products were traded to Southeast AsiaIndian products were traded to Southeast Asia India sold spices and cinnamon to RomeIndia sold spices and cinnamon to Rome
Taxes on agricultural landsTaxes on agricultural lands--wealth ofGuptawealth ofGuptaDynastyDynasty
Chandragupta II died in 413 AD, he was replacedChandragupta II died in 413 AD, he was replacedbyby KumaraguptaKumaragupta
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
40/64
KumaraguptaKumaragupta
His reign was generally peaceful but receivedHis reign was generally peaceful but received
threat to Khyber Pass, an important trade routethreat to Khyber Pass, an important trade routebetween Central Asia and South Asia and abetween Central Asia and South Asia and a
strategic military locationstrategic military location
Tribes from Central Asia encroaded to GuptianTribes from Central Asia encroaded to Guptian
territoriesterritories
After his turn, Skandagupta tookoverAfter his turn, Skandagupta tookover
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
41/64
SkandaguptaSkandagupta (455AD)(455AD)
on his reign, the tribe ofHuns already enteredon his reign, the tribe ofHuns already enteredNorthwest part ofthe kingdomNorthwest part ofthe kingdom
He made use ofall hisHe made use ofall his strenghthstrenghth but nothingbut nothing
happenedhappened
And his death in 467 AD signaled the fall oftheAnd his death in 467 AD signaled the fall oftheGupta DynastyGupta Dynasty
By16By16thth century, the dynasty was just a part ofthecentury, the dynasty was just a part ofthememorymemory
Fall ofGupta resulted to political division ofIndiaFall ofGupta resulted to political division ofIndia
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
42/64
HarshaHarsha(606AD)(606AD)
A kind leader just likeA kind leader just like AshokaAshoka
His kingdom was the onlyone in terms ofHis kingdom was the onlyone in terms of
strength, to replace Gupta Dynastystrength, to replace Gupta Dynasty His death in 647 AD reverted India to darknessHis death in 647 AD reverted India to darkness
due to absence ofa strong leader to unify Indiadue to absence ofa strong leader to unify India
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
43/64
Expansion ofChineseExpansion ofChinese
CivilizationCivilization
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
44/64
ZhouDynastyZhouDynasty
(1050
(1050--
456
BC)456
BC) In 11In 11thth century, ZHOU dynasty rose against andcentury, ZHOU dynasty rose against and
defeated Shang Dynastydefeated Shang Dynasty
Traditionally, it was divided into two periods:Traditionally, it was divided into two periods:Western Zhou (1050Western Zhou (1050--770 BC)770 BC)
Capital: near the LuoyangCapital: near the Luoyang
Eastern Zhou(771Eastern Zhou(771--456 BC)456 BC)
Capital: further east to LuCapital: further east to Lu
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
45/64
Western ZhouWestern Zhou Stable and peaceful lifeStable and peaceful life
Zhou kingdom into smaller feudal statesZhou kingdom into smaller feudal states
feudal lords(chosen byZhou rulers)feudal lords(chosen byZhou rulers)
Obedient feudal lordsfreedom and authorityObedient feudal lordsfreedom and authority
Under them were the nobility membersUnder them were the nobility members
Under them were the peasantsUnder them were the peasants--food productionfood production
lili-- set ofcomplex rules ofsocial etiquette andset ofcomplex rules ofsocial etiquette and
personal contactpersonal contact Civilized: practicedCivilized: practiced lili
Barbarians: never practicedBarbarians: never practiced lili
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
46/64
Zhou Dynastys supremacy= very effectiveZhou Dynastys supremacy= very effectivearmed forcesarmed forces
King YUKing YU-- last emperor ofwesternlast emperor ofwestern zhouzhou
disowned his son and gave the throne to hisdisowned his son and gave the throne to hisother son queens father sought help ofotherother son queens father sought help ofotherfeudal lords and attacked Luoyang king wasfeudal lords and attacked Luoyang king was
killed and they moved the capital to Lu.killed and they moved the capital to Lu.
And gave way to Eastern ZhouAnd gave way to Eastern Zhou
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
47/64
Eastern ZhouDynastyEastern ZhouDynasty
People set up communities in the rich valleyofPeople set up communities in the rich valleyof
YangtzeYangtze
F
ewer feudal states< nobilityF
ewer feudal states< nobility Power was laid to larger statesPower was laid to larger states
As a result: kingmere figurehead ofthe stateAs a result: kingmere figurehead ofthe state
priestlyfunctionspriestlyfunctions
Power ofeasternPower ofeastern zhouzhou declineddeclined
After more than 500 years, dynasty endedAfter more than 500 years, dynasty ended
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
48/64
Four major forces that threatened toFour major forces that threatened to
replace the dynasty:replace the dynasty:A.A. WuWu
B.B. ChuChu
C.C. YueYueD.D. ChinChin-- led by Luled by Lu PuweiPuwei, defeated the, defeated the ZhousZhous
256 BC256 BC-- Zhou Dynasty endedZhou Dynasty ended
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
49/64
Zhous Contributions to ChinasZhous Contributions to Chinas
H
istoryH
istory1.1. Economic development throughEconomic development through
expansion oftrade and commerceexpansion oftrade and commerce
2. Calligraphy: system ofwritten communication2. Calligraphy: system ofwritten communication
It is an art ofturning square Chinese characters intoIt is an art ofturning square Chinese characters into
expressive images by the responsiveness ofpaper as well asexpressive images by the responsiveness ofpaper as well as
the speed and pressure ofa pointed Chinese brushthe speed and pressure ofa pointed Chinese brush
3. Teachings ofConfucius and Loa Tzu3. Teachings ofConfucius and Loa Tzu
Most importantMost important
Basic foundation ofChinese societyBasic foundation ofChinese society
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
50/64
Confucianism
A major system of thought in China.
Developed by the teachings of Confucius and his
disciples
Concerned with the principles of good conduct,
practice wisdom and proper social relationships.
With the incorporation of philosophy, religion and
social custom
Has influenced the Chinese attitude toward life, setthe patterns of living and standards of social value, and
provided the background for Chinese political theories
and institutions
Has spread from China to Korea, Japan and Vietnam.
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
51/64
Confucius advocated a paternalistic government in
which sovereign is benevolent and honourable and
the subjects are respectful and obedient. The ruler
should cultivate a moral perfection in order to set agood example to the people.
Confucianism clarifies a leaders responsibility over his
followers.
A good leader is...
one who serves both as a mother and father to
his followers.
one who observes religious rituals, enforces
laws concerning farming and the protection of
the environment
Confucianism also places premium on the family withthe belief that society may be considered as one big
family.
In education, Confucius upheld the theory, remarkable
for the feudal period in which he lived, that in
education, there is no class distinction.
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
52/64
5 Levels of Interaction that brings Unity
and Harmony accdg. toConfucius
Father and sonHusband and wife
Older sibling and younger siblingFriends
Leader and follower
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
53/64
TaoismTaoism
22ndnd to Confucianismto Confucianism
Tao= wayTao= way
one must do nothing(one must do nothing(wuweiwuwei)) Give birth to Hsu in artGive birth to Hsu in art
blank paperblank paper
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
54/64
Chin DynastyChin Dynasty
(221
(221--206
BC)206
BC) Defeated all feudal states and unifiedDefeated all feudal states and unified
Lasted 15 yearsLasted 15 years
Major contribution: ChinaMajor contribution: China Leader:Leader: QinQin ShihuangdShihuangd, who confiscated all, who confiscated all
the properties offeudal lordsthe properties offeudal lords
Ordered construction ofGreat Wall ofChinaOrdered construction ofGreat Wall ofChina
Major infrastructure: irrigation system and roadsMajor infrastructure: irrigation system and roads
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
55/64
Great Wall ofChinaGreat Wall ofChina
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
56/64
emperors projectsemperors projects
huge amount ofmoneyhuge amount ofmoney
TAXES and FORCED LABOR TAXES and FORCED LABOR
EXTREME BRUTALITYEXTREME BRUTALITY
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
57/64
ShihuangdisShihuangdis death in 210 BC= fall ofdynastydeath in 210 BC= fall ofdynasty
Result: widespread chaosResult: widespread chaos
This situation lasted for many years.This situation lasted for many years.
206 BC206 BC-- Liu Pang(new dynastyLiu Pang(new dynasty) established.) established.
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
58/64
Han Dynasty(206Han Dynasty(206--220 BC)220 BC)
Liu Pang/Kao Su: leaderLiu Pang/Kao Su: leader
Major contribution: in public administrationMajor contribution: in public administration
Examination for government officialsExamination for government officials scholarscholar--gentrygentry-- intelligent people who passed theintelligent people who passed the
examinationsexaminations
Accounts ofpeoples life under Han Dynasty:Accounts ofpeoples life under Han Dynasty:
Writings ofWritings ofSumaSuma ChienChien-- Father ofChineseFather ofChineseHistoryHistory
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
59/64
Under WangUnder Wang MangsMangs Administration:Administration:
China became miserable and the people returned theChina became miserable and the people returned thepower to Liu Pang and transferred the capital topower to Liu Pang and transferred the capital toLuoyangLuoyang
Chinese inventedChinese inventedpaper from fiber, trunk of treespaper from fiber, trunk of treesand abacaand abaca
SilkproductionSilkproduction-- improved due to invention ofimproved due to invention ofweaving machineweaving machine
D
iscovery of compassD
iscovery of compass Weapons and tools from steelWeapons and tools from steel
The next phase in China was chaosThe next phase in China was chaos
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
60/64
Sui Dynasty(581Sui Dynasty(581--618AD)618AD)
YangYang JianJian// WenWen TiTi-- leaderleader
Military commander who reunified ChinaMilitary commander who reunified China
Construction ofGrand CanalConstruction ofGrand Canal-- a canal goinga canal goingto Changto Chang--an and connected YangZhou toan and connected YangZhou toYellow RiverYellow River
604:604: WenWen Ti was succeeded by his son YangTi was succeeded by his son Yang
GuangGuang Yang Dynastyfailed Yang Dynastyfailed 618: Yang died and Li Yuan declared himself618: Yang died and Li Yuan declared himself
an emperor ofan emperor of TangTang DynastyDynasty
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
61/64
TangTang Dynasty(619Dynasty(619--907AD)907AD)
Li Yuan: emperorLi Yuan: emperor
One ofthe high periods oftraditional ChineseOne ofthe high periods oftraditional Chinesecivilizationcivilization
ChinaChina cultural center ofEast Asia cultural center ofEast Asia
ChangChang--an capitalan capital
TaiTai TsungTsung/ Li Shi Min/ Li Shi Min-- son ofLi Yuanson ofLi Yuan Implemented the policies that madeImplemented the policies that made TangTang
DynastyfamousDynastyfamous
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
62/64
Policies:Policies:
1.1. Land ReformLand Reform
2.2. Government ReformsGovernment Reforms
3.3. Legalist SystemLegalist System Confucius teachings became the basis forConfucius teachings became the basis for
interaction among people in societyinteraction among people in society
4.4. Military SystemMilitary System
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
63/64
Contributions:Contributions:
A.A. ArtArt
Listening to music, painting and poetryListening to music, painting and poetry
Machine that use wooden blocks for printingMachine that use wooden blocks for printing
Golden Age ofPoetryGolden Age ofPoetry
B.B. BuddhismBuddhism
8/9/2019 Asian Civilization - Leading Ancient states
64/64
The End..The End..
Thank You for listening!Thank You for listening!
God bless us.. Go home safely.God bless us.. Go home safely.
mua.mua.muamua.mua.mua..