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Historical background of ASME ASME BPVC sections ASME VIII ASME VIII DIV 1 scope and limitation General
Contents
1-HISTORICAL BACK GROUND
by the rise of industrialization and mechanization, Steam powered the technology of the late 19th century.
All factories and refineries contained numbers of Boilers and pressure vessels to be used in processing and manufacturing.
There were no legal codes for boilers and pressure vessels , and for that reason many accidents were happened due to explosions and failure of boilers & pressure vessel
in 1911 American Society for Mechanical Engineers (ASME) formed
Boilers &pressure Vessels Committee to set up and establish standard rules for the construction of steam boilers and other pressure vessels
The committee role was to establish rules of safety relating to pressure integrity governing the construction of :
1. steam boilers 2. Pressure vessels 3. Transport tanks 4. Nuclear components
In 1915 BPVC was published and incorporated with the law in US.
1-HISTORICAL BACK GROUND
Mandatory requirements Specific prohibition Non mandatory guidance
Construction and in-service inspection activities of boilers and pressure vessels
•The code is not hand book and can not replace education, experience and the engineering judgment .
•The code neither require nor prohibit use of computer analysis in design , but in such case the designer is responsible for complying with all the requirement of the code .
BPVC generally contains:
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC BPVC always aims to meet all the new requirements and rules as
dedicated by technological development. BPV committee consider all inquiries and proposals in the new
revisions of the code Approved revisions of the code is passed to ANSI to be published Code revisions are valid from the date of issuance
ASME BPV committee publishes some related documents to code to provide guidance for the user to well understand code requirements , the documents can be summarized as follows:
Code Cases Code Cases represent alternatives or additions to existing Code rules. Code Cases are
written as a question and reply, and are usually intended to be incorporated into the Code at a later date.
Code Interpretations. Code Interpretations provide clarification of the meaning of existing rules in the Code
and are also presented in question and reply format. Interpretations do not introduce new requirements.
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC ASME BPVC 2010 (l.E.) is divided into 12 different sections. Each section cover a certain area related to boiler, pressure
vessels, nuclear plant and transport tanks.
ASME BPVC
ASME I RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF POWER BOILERS
ASMEII MATERIALS
ASME VIII RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PRESSURE VESSELS
ASMEIII RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF NUCLEAR FACILITY
ASME VI RECOMMENDED RULES FOR THE CARE AND OPERATION OF HEATING BOILER
ASME VII RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES FOR THE CARE OF POWER BOILER
ASMEIV RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION HEATING BOILERS
ASMEV NDT
ASME IX WELDING AND BRAZING QUALIFICATIONS
ASME X FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTIC PRESSURE VESSELS
ASME XI RULES FOR INSERVICE INSPECTION OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
ASME XII RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION AND CONTINUED SERVICE OF TRANSPORT TANKS
ASME VIII
ASME BPVC SEC VIII is the section which deals with construction of pressure vessels.
This section is divided into three divisions. DIV 1 (up to 3000 psi)
DIV 2 Alternative rules
DIV 3 Alternative rules for high pressure vessels (> 10,000 psi)
Scope
ASME BPVC SEC VIII DIV 1 provides :
Mandatory requirements specific prohibitions
Nonmandatory guidance
Materials Design Fabrication Examination Inspection Testing Certifications Pressure relief
Of Pressure vessels
for
Scope
ASME VIII DIV I
Subsections
Mandatory appendices
Nonmandatory appendices
Sub.sec A
Sub.sec B
Sub.sec C
General requirement applicable to all pressure vessels
Specific requirements applicable to fabrication of pressure vessel
Specific requirement applicable to several classes of
materials used in pressure vessels construction
Provide Information and suggested good practices
Specific subjects covered elsewhere in the division
Scope
Pressure vessels as defined in ASME VIII DIV 1 containers for the containment of pressure, either internal or external. The pressure can be obtained from 1 - external source 2 - application of heat from source (direct or indirect)
Scope
The rules of this Division have been formulated on the basis of design principles and construction practices applicable to vessels designed for pressures of:
15 psi (100 Kpa) < Pd < 3000 psi (20 Mpa)
vessels for containing water under pressure in case of : design pressure of > 300 psi (2 MPa); design temperature > 210°F (99°C);
Hot water supply storage tank heated by steam or any indirect mean in case of :
heat input > 200,000 Btu/hr (58.6 kW) water temperature > 210°F (99°C) nominal water containing capacity > 120 gal (450 l)
Scope and limitations
All nonpressure parts which are welded directly to either the internal or external pressure retaining surface of a pressure vessel
pressure retaining covers for vessel openings, such as manhole or hand hole covers, and bolted covers with their attaching bolting and nuts.
Provisions for pressure relief devices necessary to satisfy the requirements
Scope and limitations
The following pressure vessels in which steam is generated shall not be considered as unfired steam boilers, and shall be constructed in accordance ASME SEC VIII DIV.1
vessels known as evaporators or heat exchangers vessels in which steam is generated by the use of heat resulting from
operation of a processing system containing a number of pressure vessels such as used O&G industry
vessels in which steam is generated but not withdrawn for external use
Pressure vessels or part subjected to direct firing from combustion which are not within the scope of SEC I,III,IV may be constructed according to this Division
Gas fired jacketed kettles with operation < 50 psi may be constructed according to this division
Scope and limitations
Exclusions Pressure vessels within the scope of other Sections.
fired process tubular heaters.
pressure containers which are integral parts or components of rotating
or reciprocating mechanical devices, such as pumps, compressors, turbines, engines.
structures whose primary function is the transport of fluids from one
location to another within a system of which it is an integral part, that is, piping systems
piping components, such as pipe, flanges, bolting, gaskets, valves,
expansion joints, fittings, and the pressure
Vessels having inside diameters < 6in
Pressure vessels for human occupancy
Scope and limitations
The customer or his engineering agency shall establish the design requirements for pressure vessels, taking into consideration factors associated with normal operation,
startup and shutdown, and abnormal conditions like Transient conditions, surges
consideration shall include but shall not be limited to the following: the need for corrosion allowances; the definition of lethal services. For example the need for post weld heat treatment beyond the requirements of this
Division the degree of nondestructive examinations and the selection of
applicable acceptance standards, when such examinations are applied
General
Manufacturer Is responsible for complying with all of the applicable requirements of this Division
and, through proper certification, of assuring that all work done by others also complies. The vessel or part Manufacturer shall have available for the Inspector’s review the applicable design calculations
Inspector
making all the required inspections specified by the rules of this Division, monitoring the quality control and the examinations made by the Manufacturer. making such other inspections as in his judgment are necessary to permit him to certify that
the vessel has been designed and constructed in accordance with the requirements. The Inspector has the duty of verifying that the applicable calculations have been made and
are on file at Manufacturer’s plant at the time the Data Report is signed. Any questions concerning the calculations raised by the Inspector must be resolved. authorize the application of the Certification
Responsibilities
Standard referenced by this section •ASME VIII DIV 1 references are made to various standards like ANSI ,AWS ,….etc Rules to use the standards are stated during the division.
Units of measurements •Either US customary or SI units may be used to demonstrate compliance with the code requirements In general it is recommended to use single system of unit in design aspects . Conversion factors which will be used should be accurate and at least four significant figures. The result of conversions of unit should be at least in three digits.
