04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 11
Asphyxia and AnoxiaAsphyxia and Anoxia
Dr. Abdulmonem Al-HayaniDr. Abdulmonem Al-HayaniMBChB, DipFMS(Lon), PhD(Aber)MBChB, DipFMS(Lon), PhD(Aber)
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 22
Outcome=Aims=GoalsOutcome=Aims=GoalsWhy this lecture?Why this lecture?Definitions of Asphyxia and Anoxia?Definitions of Asphyxia and Anoxia?Signs of Asphyxia?Signs of Asphyxia?Types of Asphyxia (Causes)Types of Asphyxia (Causes)Common examples of Anoxia and Common examples of Anoxia and
Asphyxia Asphyxia
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 33
Why this lecture?Why this lecture?
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 44
Definition of Asphyxia Definition of Asphyxia Situations in which there is an obstruction Situations in which there is an obstruction
to breathingto breathingBody will be deprived to O2Body will be deprived to O2Either no air or insufficient air getting into Either no air or insufficient air getting into
the bodythe body
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 55
Definition of Anoxia Definition of Anoxia Anoxia = HypoxiaAnoxia = Hypoxia
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 66
Definition of AnoxiaDefinition of Anoxia Failure of O2 which is already in the Failure of O2 which is already in the
body to get into the tissuesbody to get into the tissues Causes of anoxia:Causes of anoxia:1.1. ShockShock2.2. AnemiaAnemia3.3. CO poisoningCO poisoning4.4. Heroin intoxicationHeroin intoxication
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 77
Signs of AsphyxiaSigns of Asphyxia
Congestion CyanosisPetechail
Hemorrhage
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 88
Types (causes) of AsphyxiaTypes (causes) of Asphyxia
1.1. EnvironmentalEnvironmental2.2. Crush AsphyxiaCrush Asphyxia3.3. Suffocation/SmotheringSuffocation/Smothering4.4. Positional AsphyxiaPositional Asphyxia5.5. ChockingChocking6.6. Compression of the NeckCompression of the Neck7.7. Hanging/StrangulationHanging/Strangulation
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 99
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 1010
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 1111
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 1212
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 1313
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 1414
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 1515
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 1616
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 1717
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 1818
Example of AsphyxiaExample of Asphyxia
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 1919
DrowningDrowning Where?Where? SeaSea RiverRiver CanalCanal BathBath othersothers
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 2020
DrowningDrowning Body recovered dead?Body recovered dead?1.1. Death before entering water Death before entering water
(concealment of homicide)(concealment of homicide)2.2. ImmersionImmersion3.3. True drowningTrue drowning4.4. Death in water from other causes (heart Death in water from other causes (heart
diseases, trauma)diseases, trauma)5.5. HypothermiaHypothermia
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 2121
True drowning (Asphyxia)True drowning (Asphyxia) Phases of drowning:Phases of drowning:1.1. Breath holdsBreath holds2.2. Inhalation of water, coughing, vomiting Inhalation of water, coughing, vomiting
and loss of consciousnessand loss of consciousness3.3. Convulsions, respiratory arrest then Convulsions, respiratory arrest then
cardiac arrestcardiac arrest
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 2222
DrowningDrowning Types?Types?1.1. Fresh waterFresh water2.2. Sea waterSea water
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 2323
Autopsy signs of DrowningAutopsy signs of Drowning Classical signs only in 35% of casesClassical signs only in 35% of cases1.1. Froth in nose and mouthFroth in nose and mouth2.2. Pulmonary edemaPulmonary edema3.3. Overdistention of lungsOverdistention of lungs4.4. Dry drowningDry drowning
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 2424
Autopsy signs of DrowningAutopsy signs of Drowning
5. Middle ear hemorrhage5. Middle ear hemorrhage6. Chemical tests (unreliable)6. Chemical tests (unreliable)7. Non-specific changes of immersion7. Non-specific changes of immersion
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 2525
Autopsy signs of DrowningAutopsy signs of DrowningThe best sign is:The best sign is:
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 2626
Example of AnoxiaExample of Anoxia
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 2727
Fire FumesFire Fumes Commonest cause of death in firesCommonest cause of death in fires Autopsy signs of fire fumes inhalation:Autopsy signs of fire fumes inhalation:1.1. Burns to air passagesBurns to air passages2.2. SOOTSOOT3.3. Pulmonary edemaPulmonary edema4.4. Toxins in blood e.g. cyanide, plastics Toxins in blood e.g. cyanide, plastics
chemicals etc…chemicals etc…
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 2828
The most useful sign isThe most useful sign is
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 2929
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 3030
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 3131
Key LessonKey Lesson
As a GP you will see many cases of As a GP you will see many cases of Asphyxia and Anoxia, so please think Asphyxia and Anoxia, so please think
about a possibility of crime when you see about a possibility of crime when you see such casessuch cases
04/22/2304/22/23 Dr. Al-HayaniDr. Al-Hayani 3232
Questions & CommentsQuestions & Comments
