assessing ‘green’
in
shweta manchanda6.13.2013
in affordable housing
‘a home for all in india within 2022’
a house, apartment, or other shelter that is the usual residence of a person, family, or household
there are 400 million ‘green’ homes in India
GREENGREEN
modern buildings are designed to achieve an optimum level of indoor quality that can provide total comfort for the occupant, in a healthy environment as perceived by his sensory capabilities...
reference: santamouris and asimakapolous, 1996
Sector-Wise Electricity Consumption in India (2007-2008) Source: CEA 2009
Electricity Consumption per Household5 (2000-2020) LBNL India Energy Outlook 2009
operablewindows
PASSIVE � ACTIVE
COMFORT DEFINITION
• building design strategies• building design strategies• urban design interventions
basis of recommendations
COMFORT DEFINITION
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE
GRIHA-ECBC
adaptive comfort
SATISFACTIONENERGY WELLBEINGENERGY WELLBEING
?
SATISFACTIONENERGY SATISFACTIONENERGY //
climate chamber controlled HVAC buildings buildings
outdoorspaces
climate chamber controlled HVAC buildings
naturally ventilatedbuildings
outdoorspaces
source: after Nikolopolou, 2000
- a d a p t i v e o p p o r t u n i t y c o n t i n u u m +- a d a p t i v e o p p o r t u n i t y c o n t i n u u m +
source: de Dear et al., 1997
perceived controlaspirations
Fanger’s scale
PMV
Predicted Mean Vote
PPD = PMV -3, -2 or +2, +3
PPD<10% (good) = -0.5 < PMV < +0.5
Percentage of People Dissatisfied
source: de Dear et al., 1997
Baker’s curves: response in relation to adaptive opportunity
operative temperature* for 1.2 met at 50% RH and air speeds<0.15m/s
winter (1.05 clo) deg. C 22.5 (20.5-24.5)summer (0.65 clo) deg. C 23.5 (21.5-25.5)
relative humidity% 30-60
air speedm/s 0.1-0.2 (max.0.8)
international standards
AIR-CONDITIONED BUILDINGS
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
m/s 0.1-0.2 (max.0.8)AIR-CONDITIONED BUILDINGS
NATURALLY VENTILATED BUILDINGS
S1
Slide 25
S1 why globe? writeShweta, 09-06-2014
source: Manchanda, 2010
source: Manchanda, 2010
JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctober
AH
20
25
30
Psychrometric ChartLocation: New Delhi, INDData Points: 1st March to 1st JuneWeekday Times: 00:00-24:00 HrsWeekend Times: 00:00-24:00 HrsBarometric Pressure: 101.36 kPa© W eather T ool
OctoberNovemberDecember
DBT(°C) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
5
10
15
Comfort
JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugust
AH
20
25
30
Psychrometric ChartLocation: New Delhi, INDData Points: 1st June to 1st SeptemberWeekday Times: 00:00-24:00 HrsWeekend Times: 00:00-24:00 HrsBarometric Pressure: 101.36 kPa© W eather T ool
AugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember
DBT(°C) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
5
10
15
Comfort
JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugust
AH
20
25
30
Psychrometric ChartLocation: New Delhi, INDData Points: 1st September to 1st DecemberWeekday Times: 00:00-24:00 HrsWeekend Times: 00:00-24:00 HrsBarometric Pressure: 101.36 kPa© W eather T ool
AugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember
DBT(°C) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
5
10
15
Comfort
JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugust
AH
20
25
30
Psychrometric ChartLocation: New Delhi, INDData Points: 1st December to 1st MarchWeekday Times: 00:00-24:00 HrsWeekend Times: 00:00-24:00 HrsBarometric Pressure: 101.36 kPa© W eather T ool
AugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember
DBT(°C) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
5
10
15
Comfort
green building design
1.orientation and shading
2. insulation & thermal mass
3. ventilation & daylighting
4. hybrid heating & cooling
WAY FORWARD
• cost effective/ simple strategies• comfort standards/behavioral and
attitudinal change• dynamic modelling/integrated systems