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Assessment of on-site sewage disposal systems after severe
flooding
Steven R. Tidwell, E.I.U.S. Public Health Service APHT3 – Disaster EngineerPresentation June 21, 2011
Presentation ObjectivesBe able to:
Describe the basics of on-site sewer assessments.
Explain the alternative development process for Wastewater treatment options for a community.
List four issues affecting wastewater treatment in a disaster area.
Disaster BackgroundOn July 17, 2010 a slow-moving frontal
system crossed Kentucky, spreading severe weather with flooding and heavy rains
On July 20, 2010 Governor Beshear declared a state of emergency and issues request for federal assistance.
On July 23, 2010 President Barrack Obama approved the national disaster declaration.
Impact on CommunityOver 25,000 residents on a boil water advisoryOver 2,000 residents without water5 sewer plants down72 bridges destroyed preventing access to homesOver 200 homes impacted by flood waters2 deaths directly related to flood
Pike County requests assistanceJuly 21, 2010 Pike County Health Dept.
requested technical assistance because they were overwhelmed.Assist with assessments of affected areasDiscuss options for the restoration of water and
sewage systems
July 23, 2010 an Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC) request was sent to Region IV states Mississippi offered to assist
Our Deployment ProcessAn EMAC was sent for interstate aid.
State of Mississippi responded - 2 person team
It was determined that greater expertise was required
OFRD put together our team to assist (they needed professional engineers)
The team reported to FEMA daily (no HHS IRCT was in the field)
Then to Pike County Health Department to assist
MissionWork with Pike County Department of Public
Health to provide technical assistance:Assess on-site sewage disposal systems and
potable water accessibilityConsider restoration options both long term and
short term (Completed Preliminary Engineering Report (PER) to
help the community proceed with funding requests)
Pike County, Kentucky
Harless Creek Community
Erosion of property
Homes washed away from site
Septic tank dislodged
Plan of AttackComplete assessments of the sites in Harless
Creek (2 days)Use the Health Department Assesssment
sheets for future use availabilityComplete a summary of the assessments Determine the best course of action both short
term and long term
On-site AssessmentsThe basics:
Area required or availabilityTopographySoil typeTreatment method (possible area reduction)Water table
Many on-site systems had been there for many years, and were insufficient before the flood.
Septic System Assessment in Pike County, Kentucky August 11-12, 2010
No. of sites assessed (N=123)
Characteristic No. (%) Site suitable for on-site system
yes 34 (27.65)no 66 (53.65)
maybe 23 (18.70)
Site application completedyes 58 (47.20)no 65 (52.80)
Site plan drawnyes 121 (98.37)no 2 (1.63)
Source of waterWell 58 (47.15)
Municipal 56 (45.53)Both 4 (3.25)
unknown 5 (4.06)
Short Term RecommendationTemporary solutionAccess to materialsOn-site requirements – power, landConstruction issuesEnvironmental concerns – treatment level
Thoughts.
FAST System -
FixedActivatedSludgeTreatment
Long Term RecommendationsLand/Space availabilitySoil types/disposalPossible construction issues (environmental
concerns, archeology, real estate)Costs and maintenance capabilityService Size: Individual, Cluster, Centralized
ThoughtsHow to best help the communityWhat is the best use of the limited time deployedWhat tangibles/deliverables will be there after
the deploymentOur Team:
Completed 120+ on-site sewage treatment assessments
Completed PER with short term recommendations and long term alternatives
AcknowledgementsPaul Hopkins, Director, Pike County Health DeptZora May, Environmental Supervisor, Pike CountyDwight Minz, Technical consultant, DPHCDR Margo Riggs, PhD, MPH, USPHS, Kentucky DPHCDR Rick Rivers, PE,USPHS, Indian Health Service
Phoenix AreaLT Matthew Ireland, PE, USPHS, Indian Health
Service Beminji Area
Thank you,Questions?