Assessment

1R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

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Introduction

•The word ‘assess’ comes from the Latin verb

‘assidere’ meaning ‘to sit with’.

•In assessment one is supposed to sit with the

learner. This implies it is something we do ‘with’

and ‘for’ students and not ‘to’ students

(Green, 1999).

What is Assessment?

3R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

• Assessment can focus on the individual

learner, the learning community (class,

workshop, or other organized group of

learners), the institution, or the

educational system.

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Definition

• Assessment is the process of

documenting, usually in measurable

terms, knowledge, skill, attitudes,

and beliefs.

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Assessment in education is the process of

gathering, interpreting, recording, and

using information about pupils’ responses to

an educational task.

(Harlen, Gipps, Broadfoot, Nuttal,1992)

Assessment should:

1. Relate to regular performance

2. Gather from interdisciplinary sources

3. Consider all aspects of the student's life

Purpose • Gathers information to assist in decision

making

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•Screening

•Monitoring students' progress.

• Assigning grades or ranks

•Determining one's own instructional effectiveness.

Cont… Purpose

• Clarifying teachers' instructional intentions.

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Type of Assessment

• Formative

• Summative

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Formative assessment

• The goal of formative assessment is to monitor

student learning to provide ongoing feedback

that can be used by instructors to improve their

teaching and by students to improve their

learning.

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• formative assessments:

–help students identify their strengths and

weaknesses and target areas that need work

–help faculty recognize where students are

struggling and address problems immediately

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Summative assessment

• The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate

student learning at the end of an instructional

unit by comparing it against some standard or

benchmark.

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• Examples of summative assessments

include:

– a midterm exam

– a final project

– a paper

– a senior recital

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Evaluation • Evaluation is part of life, in our life we need to make

evaluation frequently

– like which dress you want to wear in marriage

– What you want to given in gift to your friend.

• In educational scenario evaluation have important

role in judging student progress to know up to what

extent student have achieved the desired set goal. R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 16

Cont…

• Evaluation implies a systematic, continuous,

process based upon certain criteria process and

emp-hasises the broader personality change.

• Evaluation is an act or process that allows one to

make a judgment about the desirability or value of

a measure.

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Definition

• Evaluation is a systematic process of collecting

evidence about students’ progress and

achievement in both cognitive and non cognitive

areas of learning on the basis of which judgment

are formed and decisions are made.

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Scope of Evaluation

• Value judgment

• Effectiveness of appraisal

• Provide baseline for guidance and counseling

• Placement and promotions in jobs.

• Development of attitude, interest, capability,

creativity, originality, knowledge and skill etc.

• Development of tool and techniques.

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Cont…Scope of Evaluation

• Development of curriculum and for its revision

• Helpful for curriculum planning and administers

to improve the curriculum pattern.

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Measurement

It is a process involving the assigning of a number

to an individuals characteristics.

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Measurement Vs evaluation

• Quantitative

• Objective & impersonal

• Precise & scientific

• Not a continues

process, occasional

• Qualitative

• Personal & subjective

• Interpretative &

philosophical

• Continues process

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Purposes of evaluation

• Facilitate learning

• Diagnose problems

• Make decisions

• Improve products

• Judge effectiveness

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Cont…

• Administrative

– Grading student performance

– Selecting & Recruiting

– Promotional of personal

• Education

– Feedback to educational program

– Improve the instruction, measurement and measuring

device

– Curriculum revision

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• Monitoring and motivational

– Student progress

– Bring out the inherent capability of student

– Continuous & regular watch on pupil development

• Diagnosis and guidance

– Hard sports or gaps of learning

– Healthy competitive spirit among student

– Weakness of student

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Types of evaluation

• Based on time

• Based on manner in which one interpret the result

of the learner performance

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Cont…Types of evaluation

Based on time

–Summative

–Formative

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Based on manner in which one interpret

the result of the learner performance

–Criterion reference

–Norm reference

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Cont…Types of evaluation

Summative Evaluation

• M sriven in 1967 coined the term summative and

formative evaluation.

• Summative evaluation is the commonly known

type of evaluation.

• It comes at the end of the term, course or

programme of teaching.

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Cont…

• Annual examination and half yearly examination

in school, public examination are the example of

such evaluation.

• Summative evaluation is done at the end of any

program or instruction.

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Summative evaluation- vertical dimension

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First

Year

Sum

mativ

e

Second

Year

Sum

mativ

e

Third

Year Sum

mativ

e

Fourth

Year

Sum

mativ

e

• It is vertical dimension seeing whether the

student has achieved educational objective and

how much he has achieved.

• Help to grade, rank, select the students

• It help in curriculum evaluation.

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Formative Evaluation

• On going, continuous evaluation

• According to AJ Nikto “it is concerned with

judgment made during the design and during the

development of program and are toward the

modifying, forming and improving the program

before it is completed”.

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Purpose

• It Help in:

– Motivation

– Prediction

– Diagnosis

– Guidance

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evaluation- vertical dimension

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Second

Year

First

Year

Third

Year

Fourth

Year

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