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Bitmap images are composed of pixels.

Pixel is a discrete unit that has a locationand a value.

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1. A computer pixel is a square and

cannot be divided into partial pixel .

2. Each pixel has a unique location in abitmap.

3. Pixel has a value or color informationthat defines the color or tone of the

bitmap image.

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The greater the bit depth, the more available colors

and the more accurate the color representation, butit also means larger amount of file size.

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The colors represented by bit depth are

according to the color mode the

system or displaying or printing colors.

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The simplest form of true B & W graphic

image.

Contains two types of pixels, literally B &W, used to create line art drawing.

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Composed of 1 channel with 256

possible shades of gray

Displays what we traditionally think of B& W image.

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Composed of 3 channels

Colors produced by computer monitor,

TV, scanner, and Digital camera arebased on this concept

Also called additive colors because

when projected together at full valuesproduces white

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Composed of 4 channels

Primary colors of pigments (ink, wax, toner,

and dye) used by painters / printing pressare based on this concept.

Also called subtractive colors because the

absence of these colors produces white. 4 colors of cyan, magenta, yellow and

black.

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Defines color combination of 3 channels

i. L luminance or lightness

ii. A colors ranging from green to

magenta

iii. B colors ranging from blue to yellow

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The number of pixels over a physical distanceis called resolution

1. Scanning Resolution the number ofpixels when an image is scanned,

sometimes referred to a sample per inch

2. Image Resolution the numbers of pixelper inch (ppi) that are displayed in animage.

3. Device Resolution - the number of pixelsthat a device can produce, it is a measurein dpi or ppi.

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Highlight is the lightest pixel

Shadow is the darkest pixel

Midtone is the median value between

black and white points

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1) Brightness/Contrast performs global

adjustment of brightness and contrast toa selected area or to entire image; it has

two sliders of adjustment

2) Auto Levels makes the lightest pixelin white and the darkest pixel in black

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3) Auto Contrast - makes the lightest pixel inwhite and the darkest pixel in black whilemaintaining the color balance

4) Auto Color (new in PS7) maps the lightestpixel to white and the darkest pixel to blackand then neutralizes the midtone.

5. Levels initially give three points ofadjustment

Black slider on the left determines the shadow

partWhite slider on the right determines the highlight

partMiddle slider/gamma determines the midtone

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6. Curves the most powerful color adjustment tool

because it has three to nine points of adjustment; youcan lighten or darken an image, improve its contrast

or even create wild solarization effects

7. Color Balance adjusts the overall mixture of colors

in the image and eliminates the color castContrast colors: Cyan - Red

Magenta -- GreenYellow -- Blue

8. Hue/Saturation changes the basic colorcharacteristics of an image

Hue colors of light

Saturation - (chroma) intensity of colorsLightness - brightness value

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9) Desaturate removes color to the image

10) Replace Color samples a specific range of colorsand automatically replaces it with a different range of

colors, without affecting the rest of the image; its acombination of the Hue/Saturation and Color Range

commands

11) Color Replacement tool (B) - (new in CS)changes the color of an image effortlessly, while

returning the original texture and shading

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12. Invert makes the image look like a film negative,each pixel will be replaced with its opposite color value

13. Threshold makes the image high contrast by

converting color or gray pixels into black and white

pixels

14. Variations displays how an image will look with

various color adjustments

15. Equalize redistributes the images light and dark

values; it may improve the image that lacks contrast or

is too dark

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