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2.8. Equpiment Specification
There are some equipments that needed for supporting the process
manufacturing of hair gel product. The equipment are choosen based on the need of
for the process and the maximum capacity production of the factory. The maximum
capacity for each equipment is basen on the market value. When we want to decide the
capacity of the process, we choose the minimum value that is near to the specification of
equipment capacity in the market. In hair gel production, these are some equipment
which are needed:
2.8.1. Storage Tank
The function of storage tank is to load the raw materials of the hair gel.
We use 2 storage tanks. The picture of the storage tank is shown below:
Table 1. Specification of Storage Tank
Capacity (L) Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Dimension (m2)
Maximum Height (m)
50 2900 2450 7.1 3.4300 3820 2870 11.0 3.4500 4035 3430 13.8 3.4
(Source: www.processequipments.com/tankvolumetricvessel)
Table 2. Storage Tank Capacity
Storage Capacity (L)
Ammount Feedstock Capacity (L/month)
500 1 Water 12789.744 300 1 Aloe Vera Extract 313.036
50 1
Carbomer 181.673Glycerin 57.674PVP K-30 363.345
Propylene Glycol 139.748
Polyquartenium 39 71.244
PEG-40 Hydrogenated Caster Oil
25.769
Methylchloroisoizolinone 1.425
Surfactant 303.075Cytrus Essens 17.038Trietanolamine 204.502
(Source: www.processequipments.com/tankvolumetricvessel)
Figure 1. Storage Tank(Source: www.processequipments.com/tankvolumetricvessel)
2.8.2. Vessel
Vessel is usually used for the storage which the composition of feeds have
been calculated by the base of the phase feeds. We use four three vessel to load
the ingredient that have been calculated. The picture of the vessel is shown below:
Table 3. Vessel Specification
Capacity (L) Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Dimension (m2)
Maximum Height (m)
200 3640 2550 9.3 3.4(Source: www.processequipments.com/tankvolumetricvessel)
Table 4. Vessel Capacity
Vessel Capacity (L)
Ammount Stock Capacity (L/month)
200 1 Gel 13029.09 (Source: www.processequipments.com/tankvolumetricvessel)
Figure 2. Vessel(Source: www.processequipments.com/tankvolumetricvessel)
2.8.3. Mixer
In mixer, many additives such as PVP K-30, Propylene Glycol,
Polyquartenium 39, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Caster Oil, Methylchloroisoizolinone,
surfactant, neutralizer are mixed well. The picture of the mixer is shown below:
Table 5. Mixer Capacity
Input Volume (L)
Capacity (L)
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Water 142.108200 3000 2530Carbomer 2.019
Glycerin 0.641Gel Based 144.768
200 3000 2530Additives 12.513PVP K-30 4.037
50 1540 950
Propylene Glycol 1.553Polyquartenium 39 0.792
PEG-40 Hydrogenated Caster Oil 0.286
Methylchloroisoizolinone 0.016Surfactant 3.367
Cytrus Essens 0.189Trietanolamine 2.272
(Source : https://www.qualtechproductsindustry.com/industrial-production- equipments/mixer-agitator/in-tank-mixer/ )
Table 6. Mixer Specification
Dimension (m2)
Maximum Height
(m)kWh Speed (rpm)
7.6 3 9.75 36001.7 1.2 6.25 3600
(Source : https://www.qualtechproductsindustry.com/industrial-production- equipments/mixer-agitator/in-tank-mixer/ )
(Source : https://www.qualtechproductsindustry.com/industrial-production- equipments/mixer-agitator/in-tank-mixer/ )
2.8.4. Heater
Heater is supply heat for the mixer to mix the additives. The picture of
heater is shown below:
Table 7. Heater Specification
Diameter (mm) Height (mm)
Dimension (m2)
kWh
12 712 1 2.4
2.8.5. Cooler
Cooler is supply heat for the mixer to mix the additives. The picture of
heater is shown below:
Table 8. Cooler Specification
Diameter (mm) Height (mm)
Dimension (m2)
kWh
12 712 1 2.4
2.8.6. Filling Jar Machine
This machine is used to fill the gel into the jar (package). The mass of the
hair gel jar is about 85 gr. The picture of filling machine is shown below :
Table 9. Filling Jar Machine Specification
Speed (units/min)
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
Weight (kg)
Power (kWh)
Filling Weight (gr)
50 1000 700 1800 250 1.8 1-500(Source : http://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/Automatic-Powder-Filler-Machine-With-Inline_228058719.html?s=p)
Figure 3. Filling Jar Machine(Source : http://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/Automatic-Powder-Filler-Machine-With-
Inline_228058719.html?s=p)
2.8.7. Cleaning Machine
This equipment is suitable for clenaing the leaves of aloe vera. It is easy to
operate, convenient in maintenance and wiring. Here is the specification of the
machine :
Table 10. Cleaning Machine Specification
Max Capacity (T/h)
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
Weight (kg)Power (kWh)
1 2600 1200 1500 375 1.5(Source: http://wzjimei.en.alibaba.com/product/60039290645-209501208/Aloe_leaf_washing_ Unit.html)
Figure 4. Cleaning Machine(Source: http://wzjimei.en.alibaba.com/product/60039290645-
209501208/Aloe_leaf_washing_ Unit.html)
2.8.8. Peeling Machine
This equipment is used to peel the aloe vera so we can get only the gel of the aloe vera. Aloe peeling machine is suitable for taking stabs off from leaves of aloe, cacti. The materials of this equipment is stainless steel.
Table 11. Peeling Machine Specification
Max Capacity (T/h)
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
Weight (kg) Power (kWh)
1.5 1850 880 1360 275 0.75(Source: http://wzjimei.en.alibaba.com/product/60197449129209501208/Aloe_Vera_Peeling_ Cutting_Extract_Machine_.html )
Figure 5. Peeling Machine(Source: http://wzjimei.en.alibaba.com/product/60197449129209501208/Aloe_Vera_Peeling_
Cutting_Extract_Machine_.html )
2.8.9. Cutting Machine
This machine is used to cut and crush the aloe vera to make gel form. The
gel form of aloe vera make it easier to mix with gel based and the additives. Here is
the specification of the machine :
Figure 6. Cutting Machine(Source:
http://wzjimei.en.alibaba.com/product/257343277-209501208/Improved_ideal_Aloe_vera_Cutting_Machine.html )
Table 12. Cutting Machine Specification
Max Capacity (T/h)
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
Weight (kg) Power (kWh)
1.5 1500 350 1300 225 0.75(Source: http://wzjimei.en.alibaba.com/product/257343277209501208/Improved_ideal_Aloe_ vera_Cutting_Machine.html )
2.8.10. Conveyor
This machine is used to transfer solid materials from the warehouse or
storage to another storage or process equipment. Aloe vera is transfer using
conveyor to cleaning machine and another process. Here is the specification of the
conveyor belt is :
Table 13. Conveyor belt specification
Speed (m/min) Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Thickness(mm)
2-10 8000 800 4(Source: http://wzjimei.en.alibaba.com/product/1668439035-209501208/Light_Type_Inspection_Conveyor_for_Diced_Aloe.html )
The specification of the conveyor is :
Table 14. Conveyor Specification
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
Weight (kg) Power (kWh)
4000 900 900 250 0.63(Source: http://wzjimei.en.alibaba.com/product/1668439035-209501208/Light_Type_Inspection_Conveyor_for_Diced_Aloe.html )
Figure 7. Conveyor(Source:
http://wzjimei.en.alibaba.com/product/1668439035-209501208/Light_Type_Inspection_Conveyor_for_Diced_Aloe.html )
2.8.11. Centrifugal Pump
Table 15. Centrifugal Pump Specification
Speed (rpm) Capacity (m3/h)
Head (m)
Diameter (mm)
Weight (kg) Power (kWh)
2900 30 12 25 24 0.37
(Source: http://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/GPS-horizontal-centrifugal-pump-manufacturer_1097269497.html?s=p )
Figure 8. Centrifugal Pump(Source: http://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/GPS-horizontal-centrifugal-pump-
manufacturer_1097269497.html?s=p )
2.8.12. Rotary Pump
Table 16. Rotary Pump Specification
(Source: http://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/LQ3A-6-0-75kw-Stainless-Steel_492895885.html )
Figure 9. Rotary Pump(Source: http://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/LQ3A-6-0-75kw-Stainless-Steel_492895885.html )
2.9. Production Schedule
Factory Scheduling is the production management process by which
raw materials, intermediates and production capacity are efficiently allocated to
meet demand. Production scheduling also identifies many resources that use to
produce hair gel, anticipates problems that may occur, and estimates the time
which is needed to do an activities.
Process planning and scheduling makes the use of energy and other
resources in the process production are more effective. An efficient planning
and scheduling is really important. It can be a tool that directly contributes to the
company’s financial performances. Cash flow and profitability are essential, and
it depends on the efficient planning and scheduling of the process. Good
planning and scheduling can influence the company’s overall performance and
give more benefit and profit.
In manufacturing process, we use batch condition because the
characteristics of the material that we use and the limited addition tools of process
manufacturing. The duration of production of Zeus hair gel is based on all the
process. The operation time is about 21 hours per day. We produce about 1453 kg
of hair gel. We decide the amount of product based on demand in the market. The
time operation of our plant is 330 days per year. The plant will shut down for
maintenance, unexpected events, and national holiday for about 30 days per year.
The duration of production of Zeus hair gel is based on materials
weighting time; mixing time of gel based phase, mixing time of additives such as
PVP K-30, Propylene Glycol, Polyquartenium 39, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Caster
Oil, Methylchloroisoizolinone, surfactant, neutralizer, cytrus, ameroxol, time to
make aloe vera extract stratrs from cleaning the aloe vera, peeling, and cutting
until making a gel form of aloe vera. The duration time also depeded on time of
mixing the final component to make hair gel, filling the hair gel into jar, and
packaging time.
Based on the literature and our assumptions about the time of process, the
result is shown in table below :
Table 17. Summary of Overall Process and Times
No Process Time (minutes)
1 Gel based materials weighting process 152 Put raw materials into storage tank 15
3 Put material (gel based : water, carbomer, glycerin) into homogenizer (mixer 1)
15
4 Mix gel based materials in Mixer 1 105
5 Discharging the gel based from mixer 1 into vessel 1and quality control process
30
6 Additive materials weighting 30
7
Put material (additive : PVP K-30, Propylene Glycol, Polyquartenium 39, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Caster Oil, Methylchloroisoizolinone, surfactant, neutralizer, cytrus, ameroxol) into mixer 2
15
8 Mixing and heating process in mixer 2 609 Discharging the additives from mixer 2 into vessel 1 15
10 Clean the Aloe Vera in a machine 3011 Peel the Aloe Vera to get the gel inside 4512 Crush the gel to get a soft texture 4513 Filter aloe vera extract 30
14 Put the gel based, additive, aloe vera extract, and neutrilizer into mixer 3
15
15 Final mixing process 7516 Discharging final product into vessel 2 and quality control process 4517 Put gel into the jar 4518 Sealing and labelling process 3019 Packaging process 3020 Store product to warehouse 30
(Source: Author’s Personal Data)
From table above, we can use that data to make scheduling for one cycle.
The system use batch cycle, so to fulfill our production target, we have to use
more than one cycle. This batch cycle means that only some equipment that will
run continuously and the other will have to wait and not processed continuously.
The chart of tools and process scheduling for one cycle is shown below.
Table 18. Time Scheduling
No Process Time (minutes)
30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450
1 Gel based materials weighting process 15 2 Put raw materials into storage tank 15
3Put material (gel based : water, carbomer, glycerin) into homogenizer (mixer 1)
15
4 Mix gel based materials in Mixer 1 105
5 Discharging the gel based from mixer 1 into vessel 1and quality control process
30
6 Additive materials weighting 30
7
Put material (additive : PVP K-30, Propylene Glycol, Polyquartenium 39, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Caster Oil, Methylchloroisoizolinone, surfactant, neutralizer, cytrus, ameroxol) into mixer 2
15
8 Mixing and heating process in mixer 2 60
9 Discharging the additives from mixer 2 into vessel 1
15
10 Clean the Aloe Vera in a machine 30 11 Peel the Aloe Vera to get the gel inside 45 12 Crush the gel to get a soft texture 45 13 Filter aloe vera extract 30
14 Put the gel based, additive, aloe vera extract, and neutrilizer into mixer 3
15
15 Final mixing process 75
16 Discharging final product into vessel 2 and quality control process
45
17 Put gel into the jar 45 18 Sealing and labelling process 30 19 Packaging process 30 20 Store product to warehouse 30
(Source: Author’s Personal Data)