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ASSISTIVE AND ADAPTIVE TECHNOLGY
CURRENT PRACTICE AND FUTURE NEEDS
ASSISTIVE AND ADAPTIVE TECHNOLGY
CURRENT PRACTICE AND FUTURE NEEDSPresented by Christopher Giarratano, Stephanie Mathosian,
Victor Montemurro
S.U.N.Y. at Stony Brook, Fall 2000
EST 571 - Computer Based Educational Technologies
Professor Lorraine Tawfik
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
What is the intent of assistive and adaptive technology devices and services?
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Assistive and adaptive technologies help
individuals with learning disabilities bypass,
work around, or compensate for their
disability, increasing independence,
participation, and potential.
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
•HIGH TECH
•LOW TECH
•OR EVEN, NO TECH
The assistance and adaptation are designed to help the individual have equal access to learning opportunities and to make life easier and more manageable.
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Why use assistive and adaptive technology?
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Individuals with Disabilities Act•Originally made law in 1990.
•Provides for “free, appropriate, public education.”
•Re-authorized in July 1997 after two years of discussion and debate to complete the regulations.
•Letter of the law versus the spirit of the law.
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
•Learning disabilities are neither cured nor outgrown.
•Children with learning differences grow up to be adults with learning differences.
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Assistive and adaptive technology can help.
Hard work and helpful tools enable the learning disabled person to work successfully in these areas:
Vision Spelling
Reading Listening
Writing Reasoning
Speaking Math
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Assistive Technology:•Increases independence.
•Reduces over-reliance on others.
•Increases self-esteem.
•Aids the transition to adulthood
•Allow the user to accomplish specific tasks on their own.
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
When choosing assistive technology, consider:
•The learner
•The setting
•The task to be performed
Table 2.1 Examples of Assistive Technology
Low Tech High TechNote-taking cassette recorders Optical character recognition
Pencil grips Calculator
NCR paper/ Copy machine Word processors with spelling and grammar checking
Simple switches Word recognition
Head pointers Voice recognition
Picture boards Speech synthesizers
Taped instructions Augmentative communication devices
Workbooks Alternative Keyboards & Instructional Software
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Types of Assistive Technology
•Written Language Technologies
•Reading Technologies
•Organization/Memory Technologies
•Math Technologies
•Listening Technologies
•Vision Technologies
Assistive Technologyfor the blind or vision
impaired:
A different way of seeing.
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Magnification:
• Closed-circuit television
Reading Aids:
Portable Closed Circuit T.V.
Expert Reader:
Stand alone text reader
Software Readers:
ZoomText Xtra 7.0
Mountbattan Braille writer:
Braille Companion Notetaker:
Power Brailler:
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Written Language Technologies
•Word processors
•Spell checkers
•Proofreaders
•Speech synthesizers and screen reviewers
•Speech recognition systems
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Inspiration: visual and graphic organization
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Co: Writer 4000and other word prediction software
On the third letter of the word interesting, Co: Writer 4000 gave the writer six possible choices. Word prediction software helps the struggling writer.
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
AlphaSmartand other alternative keyboards
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Reading Technologies•Optical character recognition systems.
•Used with a scanner and speech synthesizer computer.
•Known as a “reading machine.”
•User can both see and hear the words.
•Kurzweil 3000 from Lernout & Hauspie
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Kurzweil 3000
•Computer as reading machine
•Scanned material may be read in highlighted context and listened to.
•Various modes of reading may be customized to the individual
•Study skills tools included.
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Reading Technologies, cont’d
•Reading pens
•Books on disk
•Tape recorders with variable speech control devices
•Screen review systems
Scan a single word for help.
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Organization/Memory Technologies
•Personal data managers for computers or hand-held: written data entry or spoken.
•Free-form databases allow the user to enter data randomly and retrieve it with any single word within the data
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Math Technologies
•Talking calculators
•Electronic math worksheets
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Math Technologies, cont’d
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
A personal FM listening system brings a speaker’s voice directly into the listener’s ear.
This device may be helpful to people who have difficulty processing, understanding, or remembering what they hear.
Listening Technologies
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Assistive Technology Team
•Special education teacher
•Regular education teacher
•Assistive technology specialist
•Speech, occupational, and physical therapists
•Itinerant service providers, i.e. vision/hearing
•Psychologist and CSE chair
•Director of special education
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Staff Development
•Technology training
•Integration of devices and software
•Multi-disciplinary team approach.
•Assessing student needs
•Federal and state laws and regulations and local requirements
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Internet Resources•Closing the Gap http://www.closingthegap.com
•National Database of Assistive Technology http:www.abledata.com/index.htm
•Alliance for Technology Access http://www.ataccess.org
•University of Washington AT Center http://weber.u.washington.edu/~atrc
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
A Webquest for Teachers
Assistive Technology 101
Assistive Technology 101
By Kathy Lalkhttp://www.hazelwood.k12.mo.us/~cdavis01/
webquests/klw
Assistive and Adaptive Technology - Current Practice and Future Needs
Future Needs•Staff development
•Technology training
•Early intervention
•Teamwork
•Proactive planning
•Budgeting