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Final Report * Assoc. Prof. Metin Muradoglu Mechanical Engineering Koc University * Based on “Lecture on Final Report” by Dr. W. Sun, Drexel University.
Transcript

Final Report*

Assoc. Prof. Metin Muradoglu

Mechanical Engineering

Koc University

*Based on “Lecture on Final Report” by Dr. W. Sun, Drexel University.

Outline

What are you writing?

The Seven Steps

Who is your audience?

What is the format?

When is it due?

How should it be delivered?

How is it graded?

What Are You Writing?

Proposal

Introduce the reader to your project. Establish your goals.

Progress Report

Remind the reader of your goals and discuss your

progress toward those goals.

Final Report

Remind the reader of your goals and compare the final

status of your project to the original goals.

The 7 Steps to a Successful Document

Partition responsibilities and select software

Determine look and feel of the document

Develop an outline

Write a draft

Proofread and revise

Peer review and final revision

Prepare the final document

Divide and Conquer

The required sections of the document are known – know what to be written.

Divide the writing responsibilities among the team members. Establish deadlines.

Choose an editor who will produce the final document

Smooth out the style differences between the different writers

Report Format

Title Page

Abstract

Table of Contents

Introduction

Problem statement

Objectives

Design contraints

Literature review

Statement of Work Method of solution,

experimental/computational setup

Modeling, material selection

Analysis and prototype fabrication

Testing and redesign

Economic Analysis

Summary/Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

Look and Feel

Style

Format

Layout

Style, Audience and Tone

Who is your audience?

Your group

Your advisor

Future seniors

Your sponsor

You are writing for a technical audience, but one that may not be familiar with the specifics of your area of interest

Style, Audience and Tone

Style

Be consistent throughout the document

Produce clear tables and graphs

Be interesting as well as informative

Avoid slang and contractions

Style, Audience and Tone

Be careful with acronyms

VHSIC, MIMO, TDMA, BGA, etc

The first time a term is used it should be written

out - put the acronym in parentheses and use it

alone in the future.

“This part is available in a ball grid array (BGA)

package that can save considerable board space.”

Format, Layout, Fonts …

No limit on final report, but be reasonable

Page Format

Line Spacing: single spacing

Font Size: minimum of 11 point for the body text, maximum of 14 point for section headings

Left/Right Margins: 2.5 cm

Top/Bottom Margins: 2.5 cm

Pages must be numbered

Figures, Tables, …

Figures, tables, schematics, or other graphics must be referenced in the text of the body of the report. The same goes for an appendix – if it is not significant enough to mention then it is not worth the effort in reading.

All figures and tables should be numbered and titled. These numbers should start at 1 and increase from front to back in the text.

Figure References

The engine assembly as

illustrated by Figure 1, is

generated by Pro/E CAD

software. The assembly

has over 150 components.

Figure 1. The CAD model of the

designed engine assembly.

Table and Figure References

Take a look at MS Word’s abilities to work

with Captions and Cross References

Especially useful in long documents with many

figures and tables

When a new figure (or table) is inserted in an

existing document, all following figures (or

tables) are automatically renumbered

Develop an Outline

Lay out the major sections of the document

What are the “must discuss” ideas in each

section

As you go along, flesh out these sections

with more detail

To finish the sections, convert your ideas into

paragraph form and complete sentences

Write a Draft

The first draft comes directly from your

outline

Polish

Smooth out style differences

Paragraph style, complete sentences, consistent

tense(s)

Add graphics to enhance understanding

Proofread and Revise

Is the important content present?

Is it presented clearly and concisely?

Can someone not in your group follow your

thinking? Beware of writing for your advisor or

teammates.

Word will pick up spelling and basic style

errors

Peer Review & Final Revision

Get comments from friends

Listen to your advisor

Are the document style rules being followed?

Preparing the Final Document

Follow your department’s rules for

submitting hard and/or electronic copies of

the report

Report Components

Title Page

Abstract

Table of Contents

Introduction

Problem statement

Objectives

Design contraints

Literature review

Statement of Work Method of solution,

experimental/computational setup

Modeling, material selection

Analyisis and prototype fabrication

Testing and redesign

Economic Analysis

Summary/Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

Title Page

The title page has several required elements, but the

format in which they are presented may be flexible

Remember that in some sense you are trying to “sell”

your project, and that good presentation helps

The following two slides indicate a conservative

approach and a more artistic approach

Mech 491: Senior Design Project Final Report

“Title goes here”

Mechanical Engineering Department

Koc University

Team Members:

XXXXXX-1 Mechanical Engineering

XXXXXX-2 Mechanical Engineering

XXXXX-3 Electrical Engineering

Advisor(s):

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Senior Design Project

XX-XX, 2011

Abstract

Your abstract should introduce the reader to the

motivation for your project and the outcome of the

project. Be specific and concise – you can give the

details in the body of the report.

One paragraph to one page

On Executive Summary

1. Extend Abstract;

2. More on proposed approach;

3. Precise and Concrete.

Table of Contents

Review Table of Contents samples in the

textbook.

Abstract, TOC, lists of tables and figures use

lower case roman numerals

Body of proposal uses numbers

Sample of Table Contents

Report Body

Problem description

What need is being addressed?

Background

What is the current state-of-the-art?

What are the constraints and design criteria?

Method of solution

What solutions proposed – design feasibility

What design alternatives examined?

How did you test or validate your solution

Report Body

Visualization

Put a graphic early on in the body – design

configuration, system diagram, schematic, etc.

What are the specific deliverables?

Budgets and Resources

Developmental budget

Written for “reality” - what did it really cost?

What resources have you used to produce your

deliverables?

Where were they?

How did you get access?

Industry budget

Written as if your group is or is in a company

Industry Budget

Supplies

Components, tools, software, PCB fabrication, etc.

Overhead

Company charge to contracts and grants to cover maintenance, lights, heat, security, etc.

50% at Koc, but may reach 150% elsewhere

Constraints

Have you identified those constraints applicable to your project?

Have you addressed the pertinent questions?

Economic

Have you assessed the development, production, operational costs?

Environmental

Is pollution being produced as a result of the manufacture or use of your product?

Sustainability

Can the resources associated with the product be used effectively in a sustainable economy?

Constraints (cont)

Have you addressed the pertinent questions (cont)?

Manufacturability

How did you design to minimize manufacturing costs?

Ethics

Are there any potential conflicts with Code of Ethics?

Health and Safety

Are there any laws that determine how safe this product must be?

Social

What impact might this product have on the community?

Political

Is the product being regulated by a governmental entity?

Summary/Conclusions

In your report:

Summarize the majors points made in your

introduction and work done and final

deliverables

You need to be convincing that you understand

the problem solved and have chosen a right path

to get you there

References

References are of crucial importance and must be cited in the text

Cite the references in the text including the web pages, manuals, private communication etc.

The common reference formats are well described. If you are using numerical reference designators, these numbers should start at 1 and increase from front to back in the body of the text.

References

Be wary of web references The web is not peer reviewed

A good rule of thumb is that all undergraduate reports have at least ≥ 4 references to printed works.

Examples:

References

1. Chi, C., 1996, “Process Insight About LOM Systems,” Proceedings of Solid Freeform Fabrication

Symposium. The University of Texas at Austin, pp. 515-522.

2. Dolenc, A., and Mäkelä, I., 1994, "Slicing Procedures for Layered Manufacturing Techniques", Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 119-126.

3. Jacobs, P. F., 1996, "Stereolithography and other RP&M Technologies: from Rapid Prototyping to Rapid Tooling," SME publishing, Dearborn, Michigan.

Appendix

As many as they are relevant, and

reasonable.

Vita of the team members

Quality Control

Several people outside your group should

read this report

Your advisor

Primarily for technical content

Give plenty of lead time

When is it due?

Submit the electronic and hard copies to your

Advisor and to me before Monday, January

24th.

1. Style: • Write at the appropriate level and with the appropriate tone for

your audience;

• Maintain your style throughout the document;

• Emphasize only necessary sections

• Make figures and table clear and readable

• Use transitions between sections

• Make the document interesting as well as informative

2. Audience and Tune • Sell your project to your reader: Fellow students, SD advisor,

Faculty, external reviewers, competition judges, and venture

capitalists

• Convincing but not overly enthusiastic

• Prove you have done homework

• Use formal language (you are not writing to your close friend).

Rule of Writing

3. Fonts, margins, and other important details: • Clear readable (standard font size and margin);

• Use standard abbreviations or try to use a full phase (e.g.= for

example, i.e. = that is);

• Make sure to have a spell check (Gorden Conference Vs.

Golden Conference)

4. Emphasize sections • Boldface type, italics, or bulleted and numbered lists

• Not to overwhelmed

5. Figures and Tables • Must readable

• Add text to each graphics

• Must have caption

• Must be numbered

6. References • Must be cited: e.g.: recent reports [2, 3, 4] have shown that …

7. Vita of the team members

Rule of Writing


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