126
Asteroids and Comets 1044
Asteroids
Ida24350Galileo
111993(NASA)
127
1-8
General properties
100
100
1-81001000
2-8
0.750.200.05
2.23.33-8
5
Vista
0.05
128
2-8 Gaspra5300Galileo1991
Eros(Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous) NEAR 2000Mathilde
2400NEAR1997(NASA)
129
3-82.23.3
Naming of asteroids
1 Ceres, 2 Pallas, 3 Juno, 433 Eros, 243 Idah, …
1000 Piazzia,
Gaussia1001
Orbits of asteroids
9.524
64 Asteroidal belt 2.2
3.3
3.36
Resonance points
0.15
130
Trans-Neptunian objects
2005
100
10002000
6.4141968
Trojan Groups
150200
1000250
Lagrange
124-8
4-8
600600
131
Families of asteroids
Measurement of Asteroid size
1)
0.75-
8Rsd
s
sin (s) = tan (s) = s (in radians)
3600 2 = 6.28 radians
1 radian = 2π
360= 57.3
0 = 3438’ = 206265”
1 radian ~ 200 000” =2x105
5-8
radianin d
Rstan(s)
102 d
Rs" 5
dsR
s
d
R
132
2)
3)
Occultation
Mass of asteroids
243
0.0005
Types of asteroids
1) C asteroids
2) S asteroids
3) M asteroids
4)
The origin of Asteroids
Accretion
133
Comets
330
2001 Q4 Kitt Peak0.92004(NASA)
General properties
134
1997Hale-Bop
1910
1985
2061
200Enck
3.3200
6-8
6-8
135
The structure
7-8
0.5 13
coma0.80
CO, CO2HCNH2COCH3OH
CO+, N2
+, CO2
+, CH
+
8-8
H, OH,O, NH, NH2
7-82002 V1
9-8
50
1986
136
8-8(NASA)
9
19949
71992
Roche
10-8
19939
2112
137
1908Tunguska
11-8
Future of a comets
9
Meteors, meteorites and meteoroids
0.930.06
0.01
12-8
30
200110020
300
2
meteoroid swarm
13-8
138
1-8
1-8
Quadrantid Jan 343 -740 Lyrid Apr 2148 1861 I (Thatcher)41510
Eta Aquarid May 459 Halley7620 Delta Aquarid Jul 3043 -3.620
Perseid Aug 1161 1862 III (Swift-Tuttle)10550 Draconid Oct 924 Giacobini-Zinner6.6500 Orionid Oct 2066 Halley7630
Taurid Nov 730 Encke3.310 Leonid Nov 1672 1866 I (Tuttle)3312
Geminid Dec 1337 Phaethon1.650
9-8Tempel 1Deep Impact2005
Wild 2’sStardust20045.5
(NASA)
T=350 K T=200 K
139
10-8(HST)
(ESA)
11-8Tunguska
140
12-8200110030
20
13-8
141
Origin of the solar system
400
110
1100
T Tauri
0.11
142
Are there other solar systems?
Summary
100
143
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
16)