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Astronomy, Petabytes, and MySQL MySQL Conference Santa Clara, CA April 16, 2008 Kian-Tat Lim Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
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Astronomy, Petabytes, and MySQL
MySQL ConferenceSanta Clara, CAApril 16, 2008
Kian-Tat LimStanford Linear Accelerator Center
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Outline
LSSTLSST Database
LSST Database + MySQL
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LSST
What Is It?Why Build It?
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LSST
What Is It?Why Build It?
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Telescope
Proposed telescope to be
built in Chile
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Large
3.2 gigapixel camera
8.4 meter diameter mirror
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Synoptic Survey
Wide
Deep
Fast
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LSST
What Is It?Why Build It?
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Dark Matter and Energy
Photo: J. A. Tyson, W. Colley, E. L. Turner, and NASA
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Variable Objects
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Transient Objects
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Moving Objects
Photo: D. Roddy, Lunar and Planetary Institute
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LSST Database
What’s In It?How Big?
How Often?What Queries?Unusual Needs
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LSST Database
What’s In It?How Big?
How Often?What Queries?Unusual Needs
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Database: Components
Image Metadata
Moving
Objects
CatalogObject Catalog
Source Catalog
Difference Image Source Catalog
Provenance
Statistics
Summaries
Calibration Engineering and Facility Database
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Astronomical Objects
Image Metadata
Moving
Objects
CatalogObject Catalog
Source Catalog
Difference Image Source Catalog
Provenance
Statistics
Summaries
Calibration Engineering and Facility Database
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Sources
Image Metadata
Moving
Objects
CatalogObject Catalog
Source Catalog
Difference Image Source Catalog
Provenance
Statistics
Summaries
Calibration Engineering and Facility Database
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Changes
Image Metadata
Moving
Objects
CatalogObject Catalog
Source Catalog
Difference Image Source Catalog
Provenance
Statistics
Summaries
Calibration Engineering and Facility Database
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Image Metadata
Image Metadata
Moving
Objects
CatalogObject Catalog
Source Catalog
Difference Image Source Catalog
Provenance
Statistics
Summaries
Calibration Engineering and Facility Database
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Calibration and Facility
Image Metadata
Moving
Objects
CatalogObject Catalog
Source Catalog
Difference Image Source Catalog
Provenance
Statistics
Summaries
Calibration Engineering and Facility Database
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LSST Database
What’s In It?How Big?
How Often?What Queries?Unusual Needs
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Sagans of Rows
49 billion objects
2.8 trillion sources
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Lots of Columns
308 columns for objects
56 columns for sources
(for now)
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Database Size
Grows to >14 PB
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LSST Database
What’s In It?How Big?
How Often?What Queries?Unusual Needs
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Frequency
Nightly updates
Semi-annual data releases
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LSST Database
What’s In It?How Big?
How Often?What Queries?Unusual Needs
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Queries
•All about an object•All objects meeting criteria•All objects near objects meeting
criteria•All objects with interesting time
series•All pairs of objects with similar time
series
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LSST Database
What’s In It?How Big?
How Often?What Queries?Unusual Needs
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Unusual Needs
Flexibility
Provenance
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LSST Database + MySQL
Why MySQL?Scalability?
Performance?
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LSST Database + MySQL
Why MySQL?Scalability?
Performance?
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MySQL
Relational database management system
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Open Source
Vibrant community
Strong company support
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Hardware
Runs on commodity hardware
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In-Memory Tables
Needed for near-real-time processing
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LSST Database + MySQL
Why MySQL?Scalability?
Performance?
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“MySQL Grid”
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Partitioning
Large tables partitioned spatially
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Replication
Dimension tables likely replicated
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Needs: Distributor/Combiner
LSST will build prototypeNeed long-term support
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LSST Database + MySQL
Why MySQL?Scalability?
Performance?
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Per-Column Indexing
2X data size
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Needs: Optimizer
Efficient use of multiple (20-30) indexes
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Needs: Indexes
Bitmap/compressed indexes
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Needs: Storage Engine
“Shared scan” for long-running full-table queries
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Summary
Building a petabyte DB
MySQL can be a core component
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