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Automatic Sun Tracking

SystemPresented by: HIMANSHU PUNETHA

MECHANICAL ENGG.

UPES DEHRADUN

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Aim of the ProjectImplementation of the automatic sun trackingapplication by using solar panel using efficient powermanagement concept. Solar energy is the most readily available source ofenergy. It is free. It is also the most important of thenon-conventional sources of energy because it is non-polluting.By using microcontroller we can control the system tocapture the maximum energy from sun light in daytime.

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Basic Principle of DesignSolar photo voltaic (SPV). Can be used to generateelectricity

form the sun.Silicon solar cells play an important role ingeneration of

electricity.

While the output of solar cells depends on theintensity of

sunlight and the angle of incidence. The solarpanels must

remain in front of sun during the whole day.

But due to rotation of earth those panels cant

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TOOLS

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Hardware Tools Microcontroller unitSolar panelUnipolar stepper motorMechanical item to drive the solar panelsBattery

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THE BASIC THEORYPROGRAMMINGLIGHT SENSORSSTEPPER MOTOR AND DRIVER THEORY

SOLAR ENERGY

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PROCEDURESuses a CdS photocell for light detectioncomplementary resistor value of 10 K used to

construct the circuit.Output voltage increases with light intensityThe microcontroller convert the analog photocell

voltage into digital values ;also provide four outputchannels to control motor rotation

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PROCEDURES (contd.)Single unipolar stepper motor half stepped to providegreater positioning accuracy with 3.75 degrees-per-step7805 voltage regulator provides 5 volt supply voltage tothe microcontrollerReset switch allows the microcontroller to be reset after

it enters sleep mode.

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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WHY WE CHOOSE THIS

PROJECTWe choose the project related the solar energybecause the usage of solar energy in India not really

much. Our project is Solar System Control and thefunction of this project is to try get full lighteningfrom the sun. We also choose this project because we hopes ourproject can be encourage to other people in India todevelop the advancement in system for solar energy.

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PRIVATE USE

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PROJECT BLOCK DIAGRAM

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CIRCUIT OPERATION/ FLOW CHART

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PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERATEDPower of motor is too small to drive the solar panel.Circuit not functionDo not know the best material for project bodyProgram code has many error

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THE SOLUTIONSearch the internet, refers to books, ask to friendsTrouble shoot the circuitFind the another unipolar stepper motorFind the light material

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MODIFICATION FROM ORIGINAL PLAN

Our design for this project is not same like our originaldesign.Our first design is more complicated and must haveenough knowledge about movement and mechanicalpart.So we just change from original design to more simpleand no need use more complicated design.

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ORIGINAL DESIGN OUR DESIGN

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AdvantagesThe advantage of this unit is that to run the systemit does not need computer

Solar cells directly convert the solar radiation intoelectricity using photovoltaic effect without goingthrough a thermal process.During the winter the sun has a low position ,

tracking angle from sunrise to sunset is shortened.

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Advantages (contd..)The plant will not driven up to the final positionbut just to that position at which really sets,

therefore saving of power.

Depending on the radiation intensity, it may sinksunder a predefined value for instance at dusk , whenthe sky is cloudy, tracking is interrupted.

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COMPARISON OF OVERALL PROJECTS RESULT

WITH PROJECTS OVERVIEW

To fabricate the stepper motor control card interfacedwith driver circuitTo construct a modal prototype solar cell movementsystem with a Mechanical assembly to move the panelfrom180 degree east to westTo design an electronic circuit to sense the intensity oflight and to control DC motor Drive for the panelmovement.

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QUARRIES?