Atoll 2.7.1 Umts Hspa Basic (1)

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

1

THE UMTS HSPA MODULE

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

2

1. UMTS, HSDPA and HSUPA Concepts

2. 3G Workflow in Atoll

3. Modelling a UMTS HSPA Network

4. UMTS, HSDPA and HSUPA Predictions

5. Monte-Carlo Based Simulation

6. Neighbour Allocation

7. Scrambling Codes Planning

8. GSM/TDMA – UMTS Co-planning

9. Using Drive Tests










TRAINING PROGRAM

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

3

1. UMTS, HSDPA AND HSUPA CONCEPTS

UMTS CONCEPTS

HSDPA CONCEPTS

HSUPA CONCEPTS

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

4

UMTS CONCEPTS (1)

THE UMTS PLANNING CHALLENGE

Multiservice + multi-rate + high-rate

Wideband

Code division multiple access technique– All terminals share the same frequency

Mutual degradation of radio links defeated by sophisticated power control

Coverage linked to traffic & services– Cell breathing

REALISTIC UMTS PLANNING REQUIRES SIMULATION OF TRAFFIC AND POWER CONTROL!

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

5

UMTS CONCEPTS (2)

CPICH - COMMON PILOT CHANNEL

CPICH power equivalent to BCCH carrier power in gsm

Always on air

Approx. 5%..20% of the total carrier power – 1..4 watts of 20W (30..36dBm of 43dBm)

Pilot quality

– Ec/Io parameter

Ec: Energy per chip (pilot signal)

Io: Downlink total noise spectral density

– Measured by mobile to find its best server and active set1.

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

6

UMTS CONCEPTS (3)

SOFT HANDOFF

UMTS handoff strategy different from GSM hard handoff– Mobile in communication with several base stations (macro-

diversity) Mobile Active Set

– Different types of soft handoff Soft, softer, Soft-soft, softer-soft, soft-softer

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

7

UMTS CONCEPTS (4)

ACTIVE SET

Set of transmitters connected to mobile

Active set determination

– Best pilot (server) Minimum Ec/Io : Pilot quality threshold Highest Ec/Io

– Admission of other transmitters in Active Set Handover margin : Active Set threshold Ec/Io within a margin of best server

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

8

UMTS CONCEPTS (5)

WCDMA RECEPTION PARAMETER

"Energy per bit" is the generic radio reception requirement

Eb / Nt = ( C / R ) / ( I / W )

Eb :Energy of one bit ( Ws/ kb that is to say J / kb)

Nt : Total noise density ( W / MHz )

R : Nominal rate of the service (kbps)

W : spreading width (MHz)

C : Carrier power (W)

I : Power of interfering carriers + thermal noise (W)

Eb / Nt = ( C / I ) . ( W / R )

C / I : Interference ratio used in GSM/TDMA planning (W / W)

W / R : Processing gain

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

9

UMTS CONCEPTS (6)

POWER CONTROL

Power control on traffic channel

Objectives– Solve near-far-problem of CDMA in the uplink – Limit overall interference to maximize capacity– Ensure good reception for a maximum number of mobiles – Power control yields a network-wide compromise!

Means– Mobile power adjustment for uplink– Base station power adjustment for downlink– UMTS power control is fast!

Main results– Transmitter load conditions

DL Power used UL Load factor = Interference / Total noise

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

10

HSDPA CONCEPTS (1)

HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) IS A 3GPP RELEASE 5 FEATURE FOR UMTS

Designed for data service applications Aimed to provide, for the downlink, significant reduced delays and peak

rates up to 8-10 Mbps Fully Release 99 backward compatible Can co-exist on the same RF carrier with R99 UMTS traffic

TECHNICAL ASPECTS

New physical channels (modelled in Atoll) Fast link adaptation (modelled in Atoll) Fast retransmission mechanism Fast scheduling at Node B (modelled in Atoll)1.

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

11

HSDPA CONCEPTS (2)

NEW TRANSPORT AND PHYSICAL CHANNELS ON THE DOWNLINK

HS-DSCH (High Speed Downlink Shared Channel): Transport channel– HS-PDSCH (High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel):

Associated physical channel– Carries user data– Both time and codes shared between users– Within each 2 ms transmission time interval (TTI), a constant

spreading factor of 16 is used with a maximum of 15 parallel codes 2 to 4 users can share the code resources with the same TTI

– Always associated to a R99 DCH (Dedicated Channel)

HS-SCCH (High Speed Shared Control Channel)– Carries information to decode HS-DSCH (Modulation, Transport block

size,…)– Spreading factor = 128

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

12

HSDPA CONCEPTS (3)

NEW PHYSICAL CHANNEL ON THE UPLINK

HS-DPCCH (High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel)– Indicates the Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) used for fast link

adaptation– Carries the acknowledgement signal for retransmission process– Spreading factor = 256

FAST LINK ADAPTATION INSTEAD OF POWER CONTROL

The HS-DSCH is transmitted at constant power over a TTI Adaptive DL data rate by changing:

– The modulation scheme– The coding– The number of codes

Based on:– The reported CQI– UE (User Equipment) category

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

13

HSDPA CONCEPTS (4)

FAST SCHEDULING AT NODE B

The scheduler chooses the data that will be transmitted in the next TTI– It sorts the users to be served

Different scheduling techniques– Max CQI: resource is allocated to the UE with the best radio

propagation conditions– Round Robin: every user is served in a sequential way– Proportional fair: resource is allocated to the UE with the highest

instantaneous relative channel quality

NO SOFT HANDOVER ON DL

The mobile has only one link from its best-server1.

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

14

HSDPA CONCEPTS (5)

CELL POWER

The cell power is shared between R99 and HSDPA users

Two strategies possible for the HSDPA power allocation:– Static allocation the HSDPA power is a fixed part of the cell

power– Dynamic allocation the HSDPA power is the remaining cell

power after serving R99 users

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

15

HSUPA CONCEPTS (1)

HSUPA (High Speed Uplink Packet Access) IS A 3GPP RELEASE 6 FEATURE FOR UMTS

Designed for data service applications Aimed to provide, for the uplink, peak rates up to 3- 4 Mbps Fully Release 99 backward compatible Can co-exist on the same RF carrier with R99 UMTS traffic

TECHNICAL ASPECTS

New transport and physical channels (modelled in Atoll) Fast retransmission mechanism (modelled in Atoll) Fast scheduling at Node B (modelled in Atoll)

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

16

HSUPA CONCEPTS (2)

NEW TRANSPORT AND PHYSICAL CHANNELS ON THE UPLINK

E-DCH (Enhanced Dedicated Channel): Transport channel– E-DPDCH (Enhanced Dedicated Physical Data Channel): Associated

physical channel– Carries user data– Dedicated channel: each UE has its own dedicated E-DCH– Always associated to a R99 DCH (Dedicated Channel)– Supports OVSF: SF2 - SF256

E-DPCCH (Enhanced Dedicated Physical Control Channel)– Transmits all the necessary information about the E-DPDCH in order to

decode the data channel transmission– Also carries “Happy bit” information to indicate if the user is content

with the current data rate– Spreading factor = 256

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

17

HSUPA CONCEPTS (3)

NEW PHYSICAL CHANNELS ON THE DOWNLINK

E-AGCH (Absolute Grant Channel)– Transmits an absolute value of the Node B scheduler decision that lets

the UE know the relative transmission power it is allowed to use for data channel transmission

– Spreading factor = 256

E-RGCH (Relative Grant Channel)– Transmits single set-up / set-down scheduling commands that affect

the relative transmission power the UE is allowed to use for data channel transmission

E-HICH (H-ARQ Indicator Channel)– Carries positive and negative acknowledgements for retransmission

process– Multiplexed with E-RGCH to a single downlink code channel of

spreading factor 128

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

18

HSUPA CONCEPTS (4)

HSUPA DOES NOT SUPPORT FAST LINK ADAPTATION

Higher modulation order schemes are not supported

FAST SCHEDULING AT NODE B

The shared resource on UL is the UL noise rise i.e, the total power received by the Node B receiver

The scheduler tasks are:– To equally share this resource between users and to maintain the

interference level experienced close to the maximum– To select the transport format (nb of bits to be transmitted in a TTI) for

the E-DCH transport channel with respect to: The maximum terminal power allowed The UE (User Equipment) category

SOFT HANDOVER IS SUPPORTED

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

19

DCH, HS-DSCH AND E-DCH COMPARISON

COMPARISON TABLE

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Feature DCH HSDPA (HS-DSCH) HSUPA (E-DCH)

Variable Spreading Factor Yes, SF4 - SF256 No, SF16 Yes, SF2 - SF256

Fast Power Control Yes No Yes

Adaptive Modulation No Yes No

BTS Based Scheduling No Yes Yes

Fast L1 HARQ No Yes Yes

Soft Handover Yes No Yes

TTI Length (ms) 80, 40, 20, 10 2 10, 2

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

20



















TRAINING PROGRAM

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

21

2. 3G WORKFLOW IN ATOLL2.

3G

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Traffic Maps

Open an Existing Project or Create a New One

Network Configuration- Add Network Elements- Change Parameters

User-defined values

Scrambling Code Plan

Prediction Study Reports

Basic Predictions(Best Server, Signal Level)

Monte-Carlo Simulations

UMTS/HSPA Predictions

Cell Load Conditions

Neighbour Allocation

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

22



















TRAINING PROGRAM

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

23

3. MODELLING A UMTS HSPA NETWORK

SITE PARAMETERS

TRANSMITTER PARAMETERS

CELL PARAMETERS

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

24

SITE PARAMETERS

X, Y, altitude

Number of channel elements UL/DL available

on the site

Equipment installed on the site

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

25

TRANSMITTER PARAMETERS

Equipment specifications

DL and UL total losses, Noise figure

Transmit and Receive diversities

Cells: (Tx-carrier) pairs- Specifications of carriers in a

transmitter

Selection of the Frequency Band

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

26

CELL PARAMETERS

Inputs of the scrambling code allocation algorithm

Maximum cell load on UL and DL: simulation

constraints

AS management parameter: max quality margin admitted

between best-server and other transmitter pilots to be in

active-set

Cell primary scrambling code

UL and DL cell loads: user-defined or simulation output

HSDPA parameters

Carrier

Transmitted powers

Inputs of the neighbour allocation algorithm

Neighbour list

Maximum UL and DL connection rate: simulation

constraints

HSUPA parameters

Inter-carrier power sharingAvailable only if there is at

least one HSDPA carrier with dynamic power allocation

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

27

CELL HSDPA PARAMETERS

CELL PARAMETERS

Minimum and maximum numbers of 16 bits-length OVSF codes available for HS-PDSCH

channels

HS-SCCH power per HS-SCCH channel• Static allocation: the HS-SCCH power is

fixed• Dynamic allocation: the HS-SCCH power is

controlled in order to obtain a minimum quality threshold

Scheduling related parameters• Maximum number of HSDPA users that the cell can support

• Scheduling technique: Max CQI, Round Robin, Proportional Fair

Maximum numbers of HS-SCCH channels that the cell can manage

Power available for HSDPA (i.e for HS-PDSCH and HS-SCCH)

• Static allocation: the HSDPA power is a fixed part of the cell total power used

• Dynamic allocation: the HSDPA power is the cell remaining power after serving R99

users

Reserve of power for R99 DCH

Number of HSDPA users in the cell: user-defined or simulation output

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

28

CELL PARAMETERS

CELL HSUPA PARAMETERS

Number of HSUPA users in the cell: user-defined or simulation

output

Maximum number of HSDPA users that the

cell can support

Power allocated to HSUPA DL channels (E-AGCH, E-RGCH, and E-

HICH)

Load factor due to HSUPA traffic: user-

defined or simulation output

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

29



















TRAINING PROGRAM

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

30

4. UMTS, HSDPA AND HSUPA PREDICTIONS

AVAILABLE PREDICTIONS

UMTS PREDICTIONS

HSDPA PREDICTION

HSUPA PREDICTION

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

31

AVAILABLE PREDICTIONS

COVERAGE PREDICTIONS

UMTS Dedicated Coverage Predictions– Quality Studies

Ec/Io, Eb/Nt, Service Areas– Handover Study– Noise Studies

Nt, Pilot pollution

HSDPA Dedicated Coverage Study– Quality Studies– Rate/Throughput Studies

HSUPA Dedicated Coverage Study– Quality Study– Rate/Throughput Studies

POINT PREDICTION

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

32

PRINCIPLES OF UMTS PREDICTIONS

UMTS PREDICTIONS ARE CALCULATED FOR

Given load conditions– UL Load Factor– DL Power Used

A non-interfering user with– A service– A mobility– A terminal type

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

33

LOAD CONDITIONS

LOAD CONDITONS ARE DEFINED IN THE CELLS TABLE

Values taken into consideration in predictions for each cell

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

34

PARAMETERS USED IN PREDICTIONS R99 Bearer Parameters Rate Downgrading Handover Capabilities Body Loss

SERVICE PROPERTIES4.

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

35

PARAMETERS USED IN PREDICTIONS Type: Traffic Class Max Downlink Traffic Power per Channel UL and DL Eb/Nt Admission Thresholds

(per mobility)

R99 BEARER PROPERTIES4.

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Double-click the record in the table

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

36

PARAMETERS USED IN PREDICTIONS

Ec/Io threshold (AS): this value is verified for the best server

MOBILITY TYPE PROPERTIES4.

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

37

PARAMETERS USED IN PREDICTIONS Receiver equipment Compressed mode capability Frequency bands and related noise figures Maximum terminal power Gain and losses Active Set size DL rake factor Rho factor

TERMINAL PROPERTIES4.

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

38

COVERAGE PREDICTION SETTINGS

User and carrier specification

If no simulation is selected Prediction based on DL power and UL load from Cells table

Display type template

Tip text content and legend

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

39

DISPLAY OPTIONS FOR UMTS COVERAGE PREDICTIONS

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Prediction Study Type Display Parameter

Pilot Reception Analysis (Ec/Io)Ec/I0

Ec/I0 MarginTransmitter, etc

Service Area (Eb/Nt) DownlinkMaximum Eb/NtEffective Eb/NtEb/Nt Margin

Required Power, etc

Service Area (Eb/Nt) Uplink

Maximum Eb/NtEffective Eb/NtEb/Nt Margin

Required PowerSoft Handover Gain, etc

Effective Service Area Unique,etc

Handover StatusHanfoff Status

Number of Potential Servers

Pilot Pollution Number of Polluters

Downlink Total NoiseMinimum, Maximum or Average Noise LevelMinimum, Maximum or Average Noise Rise

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

40

UMTS PREDICTION EXAMPLES (1)

Pilot Reception Analysis Study

Pilot Pollution Study

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

41


Effective Service Area Study

Service Area (Eb/Nt) Uplink Study

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

42


Handover Status Prediction Study

Downlink Total Noise Study

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

43

POINT ANALYSIS TOOL (1)

RADIO RECEPTION DIAGNOSIS AT A GIVEN POINT

In the Tool bar, click

Select the AS Analysis tab in the Point Analysis window

Define AS analysis settings

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

44

POINT ANALYSIS TOOL (2)

Active Set / Handover Status also shown in the Map-Window

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Choice of UL&DL load conditions : If (Cells Table) is selected

Analysis based on DL power and UL load from Cells table

Definition of a user-definable “probe"

receiver, Indoor or not

Analysis on a specific carrier or

all (carrier selection as set in site equipment)

Service availability in

UL and DL

Cells of the mobile active set (greyed

zone)

Prediction with downgrading or not

Best server threshold to be part of the active set (depending on the

mobility type)

Lower limit of the active set (best pilot quality - Active set threshold)

Pilot availability

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

45

PRINCIPLES OF HSDPA PREDICTIONS

HSDPA PREDICTION CAN BE CALCULATED

To analyse the UL and DL A-DPCH qualities To analyse the HS-SCCH quality/power To model fast link adaptation for a single user within the cell To model fast link adaptation for many users within the cell To analyse the probability of having a certain HSDPA Radio Bearer

HSDPA PREDICTION INPUTS

The cell total power The cell HSDPA power The number of HSDPA users within the cell if the study is calculated for

several users HSDPA user description: Terminal, service and mobility type4.

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

46

PARAMETERS USED IN PREDICTIONS R99 Bearer Parameters Rate Downgrading Body Loss HSDPA Capability and Application Throughput Parameters

HSDPA SERVICE PROPERTIES4.

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

47

TRANSPORT FORMAT RESOURCE COMBINATION (TFRC) SELECTED BY THE SCHEDULER DURING FAST LINK ADAPTATION

Defined in 3GPP Specifications

HSDPA BEARER PROPERTIES4.

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

48

PARAMETERS USED IN PREDICTIONS Ec/Io threshold (AS): this value is verified for the best server HS-SCCH Ec/Nt threshold (dB): minimum quality required for HSDPA link

MOBILITY TYPE PROPERTIES4.

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

49

PARAMETERS USED IN PREDICTIONS Receiver equipment Frequency bands Noise figures Maximum terminal power Gain and losses DL rake factor Rho factor Compressed mode capability HSDPA capability and HSDPA

specific parameters– UE category– MUD factor

HSDPA CAPABLE TERMINAL PROPERTIES4.

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

50

HSDPA UE CATEGORY PROPERTIES

USER EQUIPMENT (UE) CAPABILITIES DEFINED IN 3GPP SPECIFICATIONS

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AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

51

DISPLAY OPTIONS FOR HSDPA PREDICTIONS4.

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Study Objective Conditions Display Parameter

A-DPCH Quality AnalysisAll HSDPA Radio

Bearers ConsideredMax DL A-DPCH Eb/NtMax UL A-DPCH Eb/Nt

HS-SCCH Quality and Power StudyAll HSDPA Radio

Bearers ConsideredHS-SCCH Ec/NtHS-SCCH Power

Fast Link Adaptation Modelling for a Single User

All HSDPA Radio Bearers Considered

HS-PDSCH Ec/NtCPICH/HS-PDSCH CQI

MAC RateRLC Peak Rate

Application Throughputetc

Fast Link Adaptation Modelling for a Several Users

All HSDPA Radio Bearers Considered

MAC Throughput per MobileRLC Throughput per Mobile

Application Throughput per Mobile

Probability of Having a Certain RLC Peak Rate

One HSDPA Radio Bearer Selected

Cell Edge Coverage Probability

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

52

FAST LINK ADAPTATION MODELLING

ATOLL DETERMINES THE BEST HSDPA BEARER THAT EACH USER CAN OBTAIN

PROCESS : PREDICTION DONE VIA LOOK-UP TABLES

MODELLING FOR A SINGLE USER Each pixel of the map is considered as one HSDPA user Each HSDPA user is processed as if he is the only user in the cell => He

uses the entire available HSDPA power of the cell

MODELLING FOR SEVERAL USERS Atoll considers several HSDPA users per pixel The cell HSDPA power is shared between users

CQI calculationHSDPA bearer

selectionLook-up of RLC peak rate

CPICH/HS-PDSCH Ec/Nt evaluation

4.

UM

TS

, H

SD

PA

AN

D H

SU

PA

PR

ED

ICT

ION

S

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

53

HSDPA PREDICTION EXAMPLE

HSDPA Study – Display per RLC peak rate for a single user

4.

UM

TS

, H

SD

PA

AN

D H

SU

PA

PR

ED

ICT

ION

S

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

54

PRINCIPLES OF HSUPA PREDICTIONS

HSUPA PREDICTION CAN BE CALCULATED TO ANALYSE The power required by the terminal The required E-DPDCH quality The rates and throughputs

HSUPA PREDICTION INPUTS The cell UL load factor The cell UL load factor due to HSUPA The cell UL reuse factor The maximum cell UL load factor The number of HSUPA users within the cell if the study is calculated for

several users HSUPA user description: Terminal, service and mobility type

TWO CALCULATION OPTIONS HSUPA resources are dedicated to a single user HSUPA resources are shared by several users

4.

UM

TS

, H

SD

PA

AN

D H

SU

PA

PR

ED

ICT

ION

S

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

55

PARAMETERS USED IN PREDICTIONS R99 Bearer Parameters Rate Downgrading Body Loss HSUPA Capability and Application Throughput Parameters

HSUPA SERVICE PROPERTIES4.

U

MT

S,

HS

DP

A A

ND

HS

UP

A P

RE

DIC

TIO

NS

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

56

TRANSPORT FORMAT COMBINATION (TFC) SELECTED BY THE SCHEDULER

Defined in 3GPP Specifications

HSUPA BEARER PROPERTIES4.

U

MT

S,

HS

DP

A A

ND

HS

UP

A P

RE

DIC

TIO

NS

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

57

PARAMETERS USED IN PREDICTIONS Receiver equipment Frequency bands Noise figures Maximum terminal power Gain and losses DL rake factor Rho factor Compressed mode capability HSDPA and HSUPA capabilities

– UE category– MUD factor

HSUPA CAPABLE TERMINAL PROPERTIES4.

U

MT

S,

HS

DP

A A

ND

HS

UP

A P

RE

DIC

TIO

NS

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

58

HSUPA UE CATEGORY PROPERTIES

USER EQUIPMENT (UE) CAPABILITIES DEFINED IN 3GPP SPECIFICATIONS

4.

UM

TS

, H

SD

PA

AN

D H

SU

PA

PR

ED

ICT

ION

S

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

59

DISPLAY OPTIONS FOR HSUPA PREDICTIONS

ON EACH PIXEL, YOU CAN DISPLAY

The E-DPDCH Ec/Nt required to otain the HSUPA bearer

The terminal power required to obtain the HSUPA bearer

The RLC peak rate that the HSUPA bearer can provide

The minimum RLC throughput that the HSUPA bearer can provide

The application throughput that the HSUPA bearer can provide

Etc.

4.

UM

TS

, H

SD

PA

AN

D H

SU

PA

PR

ED

ICT

ION

S

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

60

NOISE RISE SCHEDULING MODELLING

ATOLL DETERMINES THE BEST HSUPA BEARER THAT EACH USER CAN OBTAIN

PROCESS : PREDICTION DONE VIA LOOK-UP TABLES

MODELLING FOR A SINGLE USER Each pixel of the map is considered as one HSUPA user Each HSUPA user is processed as if he is the only user in the cell => He

uses the entire remaining load of the cell

MODELLING FOR SEVERAL USERS Atoll considers several HSUPA users per pixel The remaining load of the cell is equally shared between users

Load sharing between users

HSUPA bearer

selectionLook-up of RLC peak rate

Calculation of the remaining load

calculation of the maximum E-DPDCH Ec/Nt allowed

4.

UM

TS

, H

SD

PA

AN

D H

SU

PA

PR

ED

ICT

ION

S

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

61

HSUPA PREDICTION EXAMPLE

HSUPA Study – Display per RLC peak rate for a single user

4.

UM

TS

, H

SD

PA

AN

D H

SU

PA

PR

ED

ICT

ION

S

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

62



















TRAINING PROGRAM

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

63

5. MONTE-CARLO BASED SIMULATION

SIMULATION PROCESS

SIMULATION CREATION

SIMULATION RESULTS

ANALYSIS OF SIMULATIONS

5.

MO

NT

E-C

AR

LO

BA

SE

D S

IMU

LA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

64

SIMULATION PROCESS

WHAT’S A SIMULATION IN ATOLL? Distribution of users at a given moment (= Snapshot)

PURPOSE Simulate network regulation mechanisms for a user distribution

– Uplink and downlink power control on R99 bearers– Fast link adaptation in order to select HSDPA bearers– Noise rise scheduling in order to select HSUPA bearers

Obtaining network parameters– Mobile: active set, required power, etc– Cell: total DL power, UL load, etc

THREE STEPS1. Obtaining a realistic user distribution

2. Modelling network power control, fast link adaptation and noise rise scheduling

3. Calculating network parameters– Dimensioning information

5.

MO

NT

E-C

AR

LO

BA

SE

D S

IMU

LA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

65

SIMULATION PROCESS

REQUIREMENT: TRAFFIC MAP(S)

THE USER DISTRIBUTION IS GENERATED USING A MONTE-CARLO ALGORITHM

Based on traffic database and traffic map(s)

Weighted by a poisson distribution

EACH USER IS ASSIGNED

A service, a mobility type, a terminal and an activity status by random trial– According to a probability law using traffic database

A shadowing error– Using the probability distribution that describes the shadowing effect

A geographic position in the traffic zone by random trial– According to the clutter weighting and indoor ratio

5.

MO

NT

E-C

AR

LO

BA

SE

D S

IMU

LA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

66

SIMULATION PROCESS

ITERATIVE ALGORITHM

During each iteration, all the mobiles attempt to connect one by one to network transmitters

Process repeated until convergence

SIMULATION ALGORITHM DIVIDED IN THREE PARTS

R99 part: All users are evaluated– Simulation of power control, congestion and radio resource control

performed for R99 bearers for R99, HSDPA and HSUPA users

HSDPA part: HSDPA bearer users are then evaluated– Simulation of fast link adaptation, scheduling of HSDPA users and

radio resource control

HSUPA part: HSUPA users are then evaluated– Simulation of noise rise scheduling and radio resource control of

HSUPA users

5.

MO

NT

E-C

AR

LO

BA

SE

D S

IMU

LA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

67

SIMULATION CREATION5.

M

ON

TE

-CA

RL

O B

AS

ED

SIM

UL

AT

ION

Number of simulations to run for the current session

Respect of cell constraints or not

Level of detail in simulation outputs

R99 to R99 Bearer, HSDPA to R99 Bearer and HSUPA to R99 Bearer Downgrading Allowed

Optional multiplicative factor

Cartography selection

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

68

SIMULATION RESULTS (1)

ANALYSIS PROVIDED OVER THE FOCUS ZONE

6 TABS : STATISTICS, SITES, CELLS, MOBILES, SHADOWING VALUES (IF DETAILED RESULTS), INITIAL CONDITIONS

5.

MO

NT

E-C

AR

LO

BA

SE

D S

IMU

LA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

69

SIMULATION RESULTS (2)5.

M

ON

TE

-CA

RL

O B

AS

ED

SIM

UL

AT

ION

Writes the UL load factor, the total DL power, the UL reuse factor, the HSDPA power, the number of HSDPA users, the UL load factor due to HSDPA and the number of HSUPA users into the Cells table

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

70

SIMULATION RESULTS (3)5.

M

ON

TE

-CA

RL

O B

AS

ED

SIM

UL

AT

ION

Display the Users (Terminals) on the map depending on the Connection Status

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

71

CALCULATION OF UMTS, HSDPA AND HSUPA PREDICTION STUDIES BASED ON SIMULATIONS

Analysis of a single simulation

Average analysis of all the simulations in a group

Statistical analysis of all the simulations in a group with a probability

ANALYSIS OF SIMULATIONS (1)5.

M

ON

TE

-CA

RL

O B

AS

ED

SIM

UL

AT

ION

Prediction based on the results of the simulation (DL power, UL load factor, etc)

Prediction based on the average of simulations in the group (average DL power, average UL load factor, etc)

e.g. A group of 10 simulations and a probability set to 0.8 10 calculations of the studied criterion, each of

them based on the results of a simulation (DL power, UL load factor, etc). In order for the pixel to be coloured, the studied criterion must be satisfied in at least 8 calculations.

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

72

ANALYSIS OF SIMULATIONS (2)5.

M

ON

TE

-CA

RL

O B

AS

ED

SIM

UL

AT

ION

AS ANALYSIS BASED ON SIMULATIONS Analysis of a single simulation

Average analysis of all the simulations in a group

Prediction based on the results of the simulation (DL power and UL load factor)

Prediction based on the average of simulations in the group (average DL power, average UL load factor, etc)

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

73



















TRAINING PROGRAM

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

74

6. NEIGHBOUR ALLOCATION

IMPORTING EXISTING NEIGHBOUR RELATIONSHIPS

NEIGHBOUR AUTOMATIC ALLOCATION

NEIGHBOUR GRAPHICAL DISPLAY

MODIFYING NEIGHBOUR RELATIONSHIPS MANUALLY

EXPORTING NEIGHBOUR RELATIONSHIPS

6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

75

POSSIBILITY TO COPY/PASTE OR TO IMPORT A LIST OF NEIGHBOURS Intra-carrier and inter-carrier neighbours are mixed in the same table

PREREQUISITES A text file with at least 2 columns

– Source cells and neighbour cells– Relationships must be defined between Atoll format cell names


6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

76


6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

77

MANAGEMENT OF INTRA-CARRIER AND INTER-CARRIER NEIGHBOURS One allocation algorithm dedicated to intra-carrier neighbours and another

one for inter-carrier neighbours

POSSIBILITY TO DEFINE NEIGHBOURHOOD CONSTRAINTS TO BE CONSIDERED DURING THE AUTOMATIC NEIGHBOUR ALLOCATION

Intra-carrier and inter-carrier neighbourhood constraints are mixed in the same table

ALLOCATION PARAMETERS Maximum number of neighbours

– Global value for all the cells or value specified for each cell Maximum inter-site distance Allocation strategy based on the overlapping of cell coverage

List of neighbour relationships you may force or forbid

NEIGHBOUR AUTOMATIC ALLOCATION6.

N

EIG

HB

OU

R A

LL

OC

AT

ION

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

78


INTRA-CARRIER NEIGHBOUR AUTOMATIC ALLOCATION

6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

Coverage conditions

Overlapping criterion

Calculation options

Do not select the option if you want to keep existing neighbours

Start allocation

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

79


OVERLAPPING CRITERION (Intra-Carrier) % Min covered area is defined by the formula : (SA ∩ SB) / SA where :- SA is the best server area of cell A.

Cell A is the first one in the AS- SB is the area where cell B can enter the AS of cell A

B best server area

(Candidate)

A best server area

(Reference) B

Minimum Ec/Io for A

A

SA ∩ SB :

Area where :Ec/Io(B) ≥ Ec/Io(A) – Ec/Io margin(A)

6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

80


INTER-CARRIER NEIGHBOUR AUTOMATIC ALLOCATION

6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

Coverage conditions


Calculation options


Start allocation

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

81


OVERLAPPING CRITERION (Inter-Carrier – Carrier saturation) % Min covered area is defined by the formula : (SA ∩ SB) / SB where :- SA is the best server area (on carrier 1) + Handoff area of cell A- SB is the best server area of cell B (on carrier 2)

B best server area

(Carrier 2 - Candidate)

A best server area

(Carrier 1 - Reference) B

Minimum Ec/Io for A Best Ec/Io for A -

Ec/Io Margin

A

6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

82


OVERLAPPING CRITERION (Inter-Carrier – Out of carrier coverage) % Min covered Area is defined by the formula : (SA ∩ SB) / SB where :- SA is the coverage area of A + Ec/Io margin (and best server on carrier 1)- SB is the best server area of cell B (on carrier 2)

B best server area

(Carrier 2 - Candidate)

B

Minimum Ec/Io for A and A best

server area (Carrier 1 - Reference)

Minimum Ec/Io for A + Ec/Io

Margin

A

6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

83


ALLOCATION RESULT Sorted list of neighbours with allocation reasons and importance value

(0-1)

6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

Commit selected neighbours only

Allocation results

Sort and filtering tools

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

84


DISPLAY OF INTRA-CARRIER AND INTER-CARRIER NEIGHBOURHOOD LINKS ON THE MAP

Calculate a “coverage by transmitter” and display it on the map

Select the icon in the toolbar and click a transmitter on the map

Inwards link: Site23_1(0) is neighbour of Site22_0(0)

Symmetric link: Site17_1(0) is neighbour of Site23_1(0) and vice-versa

Outwards link: Site27_0(0) is neighbour of Site23_1(0)

Neighbourhood relationships of Site23_1(0)

6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

85


POSSIBILITY TO DISPLAY NEIGHBOUR CHARACTERISTICS ON THE MAP

Calculate a “coverage by transmitter” and display it on the map

Display neighbour relationships of the desired transmitter

Click the icon from the toolbar

6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

86

POSSIBILITY TO ADD/REMOVE NEIGHBOUR RELATIONSHIPS ON THE MAP USING THE CTRL AND SHIFT SHORTCUTS

For intra-carrier neighbourhood links only

POSSIBILITY TO ADD/REMOVE INTRA-CARRIER AND INTER-CARRIER NEIGHBOURS IN THE TRANSMITTER PROPERTY DIALOGUE


6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

List of transmitters within a 30 km radius from the selected one (sorted in a ascending inter-site distance order)

Neighbour list of Site23_1(0)

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

87

EXPORTING NEIGHBOUR RELATIONSHIPS

POSSIBILITY TO COPY/PASTE OR TO EXPORT THE LIST OF NEIGHBOURS Intra-carrier and inter-carrier neighbours are mixed in the same table

6.

NE

IGH

BO

UR

AL

LO

CA

TIO

N

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

88



















TRAINING PROGRAM

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

89

7. SCRAMBLING CODE PLANNING

GENERAL SETTINGS

AUTOMATIC ALLOCATION

SCRAMBLING CODE SEARCH TOOL

SCRAMBLING CODE HISTOGRAMS

SCRAMBLING CODE INTERFERENCE ZONE PREDICTION

7.

SC

RA

MB

LIN

G C

OD

E P

LA

NN

ING

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

90

GENERAL SETTINGS

512 SCRAMBLING CODES AVAILABLE (0-511)

POSSIBILITY TO MANAGE COORDINATION PROBLEMS AND SEPARATIONS BETWEEN SCRAMBLING CODES

Definition of domains and groups of scrambling codes– 1 domain = set of groups– 1 group consists of several scrambling codes

A domain of scrambling codes may be assigned to each cell – Cells table

POSSIBILITY TO SPECIFY PAIRS OF CELLS WHICH CANNOT HAVE THE SAME SCRAMBLING CODE

7.

SC

RA

MB

LIN

G C

OD

E P

LA

NN

ING

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

91

ALLOCATION CRITERIA First, second and third order neighbours Additional conditions on Ec/Io Reuse distance

– Comparison between the inter-transmitter distance and the reuse distance (can be defined at the cell level)

SC domain assigned to the cell Number of scrambling codes per cluster Forbidden pairs

ALLOCATION STRATEGIES Clustered

– Use a minimum number of clusters Distributed per Cell

– Use as many clusters as possible One Cluster per site Distributed per site

– Use a group of adjacent clusters per site

ALLOCATION OPTIONS Possibility to force the largest spectrum possible Possibility to allocate carriers identically

AUTOMATIC ALLOCATION7.

S

CR

AM

BL

ING

CO

DE

PL

AN

NIN

G

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

92

EXAMPLES OF ALLOCATION STRATEGIES


S

CR

AM

BL

ING

CO

DE

PL

AN

NIN

G

CLUSTEREDDISTRIBUTED PER CELL

ONE CLUSTER PER SITE

DISTRIBUTED PER SITE

CONDITIONS

3 clusters consisted of 8 codes : Cluster 0 : 0 to 7 Cluster 1 : 8 to 15 Cluster 2 : 16 to 23

Maximum use of codes

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

93


S

CR

AM

BL

ING

CO

DE

PL

AN

NIN

G

Allocation strategy

Start allocation

Contraints on neighbour relationships

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

94


S

CR

AM

BL

ING

CO

DE

PL

AN

NIN

G

Commit scrambling codes to cells

Allocation result

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

95

SCRAMBLING CODE SEARCH TOOL

TOOL TO VIEW SCRAMBLING CODE REUSE ON THE MAP

7.

SC

RA

MB

LIN

G C

OD

E P

LA

NN

ING

Calculate a “Coverage by Transmitter” and display it on the Map

Colours given to transmitters

• Red : transmitters which cells have the specified scrambling code

• Grey : Other transmitters

Scrambling code or group of scrambling codes to be located on the map

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

96

SCRAMBLING CODE HISTOGRAMS

VIEW OF THE SCRAMBLING CODE DISTRIBUTION

7.

SC

RA

MB

LIN

G C

OD

E P

LA

NN

ING

Scrambling Code or Cluster Distribution

Distribution Table

Dynamic Pointer

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

97

SCRAMBLING CODE INTERFERENCE ZONE PREDICTION

DISPLAY OF SCRAMBLING CODE INTERFERENCE ZONES ACCORDING TO THE INTERFERED TRANSMITTER

Scrambling code interference when the best server and other transmitters satisfying conditions to enter the user AS have the same scrambling code

7.

SC

RA

MB

LIN

G C

OD

E P

LA

NN

ING

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

98



















TRAINING PROGRAM

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

99

8. GSM/TDMA-UMTS CO-PLANNING

LINKING GSM AND UMTS PROJECTS

CREATING A UMTS TRANSMITTER FROM A GSM ONE




MODIFYING NEIGHBOUR RELATIONSHIPS MANUALLY8.

GS

M/T

DM

A-U

MT

S C

O-P

LA

NN

ING

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

100

LINKING GSM AND UMTS PROJECTS

PREREQUISITE

Both GSM and UMTS projects need to be opened

CREATE LINKS ON SITES, TRANSMITTERS AND PREDICTIONS

From the GSM project into the UMTS project in order to plan GSM neighbours of UMTS cells

8.

GS

M/T

DM

A-U

MT

S C

O-P

LA

NN

ING

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

101

CREATE A UMTS TRANSMITTER FROM A GSM ONE

PREREQUISITE

Both GSM and UMTS projects need to be opened and linked

The list of GSM and UMTS sites must be identical

BY DEFAULT, THE NEWLY CREATED UMTS TRANSMITTER

Is based on the default UMTS station template selected

Is located on the same site as the GSM one

Has same antenna height, azimuth and mechanical tilt (these can then be adjusted if desired)

8.

GS

M/T

DM

A-U

MT

S C

O-P

LA

NN

ING

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

102

POSSIBILITY TO COPY/PASTE OR TO IMPORT A LIST OF NEIGHBOURS IN THE INTER-TECHNOLOGY NEIGHBOURS TABLE

PREREQUISITE A text file with at least 2 columns

– Source cells and neighbour cells– Relationships must be defined between Atoll format cell names


8.

GS

M/T

DM

A-U

MT

S C

O-P

LA

NN

ING

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

103


PREREQUISITE Existing link on the Transmitters folder of the GSM .atl document into the

UMTS .atl document

POSSIBILITY TO DEFINE NEIGHBOURHOOD CONSTRAINTS TO BE CONSIDERED DURING THE AUTOMATIC NEIGHBOUR ALLOCATION (INTER-TECHNOLOGY EXCEPTIONAL PAIRS)

ALLOCATION PARAMETERS Maximum number of neighbours

– Global value for all the cells or value specified for each cell Maximum inter-site distance 2 allocation strategies

– Based on distance– Based on overlapping of GSM and UMTS cell coverage

8.

GS

M/T

DM

A-U

MT

S C

O-P

LA

NN

ING

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

104


INTER-CARRIER NEIGHBOUR AUTOMATIC ALLOCATION

UMTS coverage conditions


Calculation options


Start allocation

GSM coverage conditions

Coverage overlapping optional

8.

GS

M/T

DM

A-U

MT

S C

O-P

LA

NN

ING

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

105


ALLOCATION RESULT

Sort and filtering tools

Commit selected neighbours only

Allocation results

8.

GS

M/T

DM

A-U

MT

S C

O-P

LA

NN

ING

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

106

DISPLAY OF INTER-TECHNOLOGY NEIGHBOURHOOD LINKS ON THE MAP

Click the icon from the tool bar

Select the icon in the tool bar and click on a transmitter on the map

NEIGHBOUR GRAPHICAL DISPLAY8.

G

SM

/TD

MA

-UM

TS

CO

-PL

AN

NIN

G

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

107

POSSIBILITY TO ADD/REMOVE NEIGHBOUR RELATIONSHIPS ON THE MAP USING THE CTRL AND SHIFT SHORTCUTS

POSSIBILITY TO ADD/REMOVE GSM NEIGHBOURS


8.

GS

M/T

DM

A-U

MT

S C

O-P

LA

NN

ING

List of GSM transmitters within a

30 km radius from the selected UMTS cell (sorted in an

ascending inter-site distance order)

List of GSM neighbours of Site71_U2(0)

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

108



















TRAINING PROGRAM

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

109

9. USING DRIVE TESTS

IMPORT OF TEST MOBILE DATA PATH

DRIVE TEST MANAGEMENT

DRIVE TEST GRAPHIC ANALYSIS

9. U

SIN

G D

RIV

E T

ES

TS

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

110

IMPORT OF TEST MOBILE DATA PATHS

OVERVIEW Measurement path related to a serving cell and its neighbours Check and improve the network quality

IMPORT Supported files

– Any ASCII text file (with tab, semi-colon or blank character as separator)

– TEMS FICS-Planet export (*.pln)– TEMS text export (*.fmt)

Procedure– Standard import as in Excel– Mandatory information

Position of measurement points ID of Active set members or ID of Scanned cells

– You can import any additional information related to measurement points

– Definition and storage of import configurations– Multiple import

9. U

SIN

G D

RIV

E T

ES

TS

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

111

TABLE List of all the measurement points with their attributes and additional

information

Standard content management and tools (filters, copy-paste, etc...)

9. U

SIN

G D

RIV

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DRIVE TESTS MANAGEMENTS

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

112

MANAGEMEMENT OF MEASUREMENT PATH POINTS

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Option of extracting a field related to a specific transmitter along a path

Option of creating as many CW measurement paths as the number of involved transmitters along the path. These data can be used to calibrate

any propagation model

Creation of any prediction on the transmitters measured along the

path

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

113


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Filter per type(s)

of clutter

Advanced filter on additional survey data

Permanent deletion of out-of-filter points

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

114


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Option of preparing additional prediction studies along the path using the existing

transmitter parameters (antennas, propagation models, etc…)

List of defined studies in the

measurement table

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

115


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Using the Atoll display dialog, you can display the points according to any data

contained in the measurement table

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

116

TEST MOBILE DATA ANALYSIS WINDOW

Display on the map

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DRIVE TESTS GRAPHIC ANALYSIS

Transmitters measured and indexed for the current point.

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

117

TEST MOBILE DATA ANALYSIS WINDOW

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DRIVE TESTS GRAPHIC ANALYSIS

Synchronisation table – map – measurement

window

Option of displaying variation of any

selected numeric field along the selected path

AT271_SL3G_E0

Atoll 2.7.1

118

THANK YOU!

Date post:	26-Oct-2014
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