Atoms and Elements
PPT 3: Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes
Information and Figures are from ONScience 9, and from Science Links 9, both texts are published by McGraw-Hill Ryerson (2009)
States of Matter Review
• BrainPOPs: Measuring Matter and Matter Changing States
– Activity sheets
• http://wn.com/states_of_matter_rap
– Show the one that is 4 female teachers dressed in black with lime green (length 3:40)
Properties of Matter
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EeWzyR1xap4 – Properties of matter rap
• Lab: Raising Underwater Artifacts
Matter that contains more than one kind of particle
E.g. salt and pepper
E.g. salt dissolved in
water
Matter that contains only one kind of
particle
Cannot be broken down into simpler parts by chemical
methods
Made of 2 or more elements that are
chemically combined
E.g. helium, oxygen
E.g. water, carbon dioxide
Answer the following:
1. Name an element that is part of your everyday life, and describe how you use it.
2. Name a compound that is part of your everyday life, and describe how you use it.
• Complete the paper clip activity, “Element, Compound, or Mixture”
Activity
Discuss Advantages
and Disadvantages
Chemistry, Society and the Environment
Physical Properties• Features of matter that can be observed and
measured without changing the type of matter that it is.
Activity• Describe the physical properties of the objects
in the pictures
Qualitative Physical Properties
• Can be observed or described without measuring (no numbers)
Property Examples
Color Colorless, red, black
Odour Sweet, mouldy
State Solid, liquid, gas
Texture Rough, smooth, bumpy
Lustre Shiny, dull
Malleability Soft, pliable or bendable, hard
Ductility Can be pulled into wires
Quantitative Physical Properties• Can be measured and given a value (numbers)
Property Description
Viscosity Resistance to flow
Melting point and Boiling point
Temperature of melting and boiling
Solubility Ability to dissolve in another substance
Hardness Ability to scratch another material
Conductivity Ability to conduct electricity and heat
Density Ratio of mass to volume
Solubility
• Salt is a SOLUTE that dissolves in the SOLVENTwater to produce a saltwater SOLUTION
Chemical Properties
• Describe how substances can change or react and form new substances
Chemical Properties
Property Example or Description
Combustibility The ability to burn, catch fire in air
Reactivity with oxygen Apples turning brown
Reactivity with acidsBaking soda and vinegar produce carbon dioxide gas
Reactivity with othersubstances
When mixed together, some substances form a precipitate (an insoluble solid)
Decomposition The change that happens when a substance breaks down, usually uses electricity or heat
Activity
• Which chemical property is represented by each picture?
Worksheets
• Topic 2.2: pages 56 - 59
Lab
• Complete Lab: Physical and Chemical Properties of substances
Chemical and Physical Changes
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCbqjs-pqJo (examples of changes)
• Video: Chemical Reactions - Bill Nye The Science Guy and worksheet http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rtcf6Pjahec
Lab
• Complete Gizmos (combine):
– Mineral Identification
– Mystery Powder Analysis Activity A
