PrestoPrime: Digital Preservation of Audiovisual Materials

Richard Wright, Preservation Guide, London UK

preservation.guide@gmail.com

Introduction

• Catalonia• Barcelona• TV2• Sra Alicia Conesa

Girona

• Museo del Cinema• Museum of Jewish History• The city itself !• History, preservation,

restoration, use of information, use of archives, use of audiovisual content ...

Girona

Overview of my Presentation

• The continuing problem for archived film, video and audio content: how to preserve the content that still sits on our shelves.

• The solution is (mainly) digitisation• Then – the problems with the solution:

– Digital content CAN be maintained– Digital content IS affordable– Tools and information from PrestoSPACE (and

elsewhere)

The Problem

• Large amounts of audiovisual content in formal collections: TAPE: 20 million hours

• Presto: 50 million hours in Europe• UNESCO: 200 million hours worldwide• Presto (2001): 70% at risk

– Obsolescence, decay, damage• The solution is digitisation (except film?)

– But time is running out– And resources are inadequate

What will happen to content now sitting on shelves

www.tape-online.net/survey.html

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DigitalDigitisedAnalogue

Digitise or disappear !

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Obsolete formats become unplayable, so can’t be counted

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Summary

In 2036, 45% of 2006 holdings will be digitised, if digitisation continues at 1.5% per year.

Saving 7.2 million hours of digitised pre-2006 content; the other 8.8 million will be lost.

The loss won’t be noticed (by some) because of 28.8 million hours of new digital content, from post 2006.

My prediction: 1% digitisation, not 1.5%

Austerity digitisation(1% per anum)

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Again, analogue disappears

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Summary

• My prediction: digitisation at 1% per year, because of loss of funding since 2008

• If digitisation proceeds at 1%, not 1.5%, then 4.8 million hours will be saved, 15.2 million hours lost (out of the TAPE 16 million hours)

• For the global picture, just multiply by 10.

Film is exceptional !

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Before PrestoSPACE

• Presto: efficient mass digitisation:– The Preservation Factory (for broadcast archives)

• PrestoPrime: making information from broadcdast archives available to all– Better, Faster AND Cheaper digitisation– Wiki: Preservation Guidehttp://wiki.prestospace.org

Storage: Managing Migration

• Digital Preservation has a lot of technology and proposed technology:

OAIS

PrestoPRIME mapping

• Metadata mapping tools for common sets of audiovisual metadata: – Dublin Core– MPEG-7 – Europeana Data Model – FESAD – W3C MA – EBU Core

• http://prestoprime.joanneum.at/

Preserving Files

• What are the problems?– Obsolescence of file formats

• Encodings, wrappers

– Obsolescence of storage technology• Hard discs last about 3 to 5 years• Data tape: new generation every 2 years

– Cost:• Academy of Motion Pictures (AMPAS) Digital Dilemma• Swedish National Library (J Palm) Digital Black Hole

Preserving Files

• What are the solutions?• Formats: PrestoSPACE model for format and

encoding management• Storage: living with permanent migration• Cost: exaggerated; digital is cheaper (for

audiovisual content)

Formats: PrestoSPACE Roadmap

Is the format a problem?

START HERE

Archive for a few years

What cost/quality/risk option can you affordCompress

lossy

YESNO

UncompressCompress lossless

END HERE

(1)

(2)

(3) (4)

(5a)(5b)

(5c)

... with emulation

Is the format at risk?

START HERE

Archive for a few years

What cost/quality/risk can

you afford?Compress

lossy

YESNO

UncompressCompress lossless

END HEREMultivalent

PrestoPRIME Preservation Model

http://prestoprime.it-innovation.soton.ac.uk/

Cost

• PrestoSPACE online tools for comparing estimated costs of various storage systems and combinations of storage systems

• For example: – What’s the difference – in cost and risk – between

two copies on disc, or one copy on disc and one copy on tape?

– What does it cost and what is the risk reduction, if file checking is done every six months instead of once per year?

Cost models and tools

• Digital Preservation Tools from IT Innovationhttp://prestoprime.it-innovation.soton.ac.uk/ • Modelling long-term retention and access

– Storage planning– Simulation of storage systems over time

• Web service control of storage• Service monitoring and management

Other PrestoSPACE technology

• A full digital repository following OAIS• Quality control: analysis of video for

‘disruptions’• Management of user-generated metadata• A formal language for rights description – with

software for rights management automation• Getting audiovisual content into Europeana

Access: four technical requirements

• Granularity• Navigation• Reference / Citation• Annotation

Granularity - division into meaningful units

• Keyframes• Other methods to represent video

• and audio:

Navigation

• "Click and play" on visual representation of the meaningful units

Reference and Citation

• the core requirement for scholarly discourse– along with a major change in attitude!

• Needs a permanent place for “things to be”– Hence the need for stable audiovisual collections

“Hamlet, for example, is comparable to Saxo Grammaticus' Gesta Danorum.[citation needed] King Lear is based on King Leir in Historia Regum Britanniae by Geoffrey of Monmouth, retold in 1587 by Raphael Holinshed.[citation needed] “

wikipedia

Annotation

• the core requirement for social web = interactivity

• individual interacts with content

• individuals interact with other individuals

Access

Digital objects can walk through walls (and violate most other laws of physics)

Unless access is denied – interfering with a miracle!

For More Information

PrestoSPACE: www.prestospace.eu PrestoCentre: www.prestocentre.eu

Slides: www.slideshare.net/Richard19461/ or write to me:preservation.guide@gmail.com

Thank you