413 on their own account. There are therefore 18,200 legal graduates more or less occupied. The " waste or loss by death or " invalidità" (being pensioned off) in this personnel amounts to 500 annually, while the average production of graduates between 1832 and 1896 was 1070-that is, more than double the yearly loss. Take our own profession. For medical men there are reserved in the public administrations 20,757 posts; the average yearly "waste" i-3 500 and the average production of graduates per annum is 928-almost, if not quite, double the number there is room for. The pharmacists fare better. For them there are 12,505 posts reserved. The annual "waste" is 313 and the produc- tion is 312. Veterinary surgeons in practice or in service are 2500. The annual " waste is 63 and the produc- tion is 86, though it should be stated that out of 8257 communes only 1734 have hitherto provided themselves with " divisional " veterinary surgeons. Midwives (for they too are "laureate") are in practice to the number of 10,243. Their "waste" is 256 and their production is 556. But here, too, it should be said that 3338 communes have no "levatrici condotte "-that is, hired or I I divisional mid- wives. Engineers also graduate in excess, there being every year 300 posts open to them, while annually 356 are "laureati." Lastly come the graduates in philosophy and literature. The posts reserved for them in the public administrations are 3371; there are about 100 of these open every year and there are 175 new graduates. This excess of graduation is, as I have said, a grave evil, making itself felt in a thousand pernicious ways. As already pointed out in THE LANCET it explains the enormous number of what are conveniently called °‘ publicists" or "affaristi" in Italy- men whose business is agitation in the press or on the plat- form, whose " objective" is " place," and whose activity in the State serves no useful purpose, while leaving commerce, industry, and even the humbler arts more and more short- handed. Feb. 4th. AUSTRALIA. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) Tlze t’dctoria Branch of the British Medical Association. THE annual meeting of the Victoria Branch of the British Medical Association was held on Dec. 21st, 1898. From the report of the Council it appeared that 12 new members had joined during the year and district branches had been formed at Ballarat and Goulburn Valley. The following were elected as office-bearers for the ensuing year: President, Mr. A. L. Kenny, M.B.; vice-president, Mr. G. A. Syme, M.S., F.R.C.S.; honorary treasurer, Mr. J. R. M. Thomson, M.B.; honorary secretary, Mr. W. Kent Hughes, M.B. Lond, M.R.C.S. Eng.; honorary librarian, Mr. Felix Meger, M.B.; editor of the Australasian Medical Gazette, Mr. J. W. Springthorpe, M.D. Melb., M.R.C.P. Lond. Members of Council: Mr. A. V. M. Anderson, M.D. ; Mr. F. D. Bird, M.S., M.R.C.S. ; Mr. F. M. Harricks, F.R.C.S.Irel.; Mr. H. F. Lawrence, M.R.C.P.Edin.; Mr.R.L. McAdam, M.D.Dub.; Mr. D. Mc.M. Officer, M.B.; Mr. M. A. O’Sullivan, L.R.C.S.Irel.; Mr. R. R. Stawell, M.D.Melb.; Mr. A. W. F. Noyes, F.R.C.S. Edin. The retiring President, Dr. R. L. McAdam, read an address in which he congratulated the branch upon a very successful year of work, signalised further by the admission of lady members. Reference was made to "patent medi- cines " and the necessity for taking steps to protect the community against these remedies and it was recommended that the Government should adopt the German custom of analysing these nostrums and having the result and the actual cost of each ingredient affixed to each bottle or packet. The present methods of meat- and milk-supply came in for some scathing criticism. The new "Meat Bill" was "a tardy effort to effect a much-needed reform," but " of still greater neces- sity was it that the milk-supply of the community should be radically improved." The treatment of tuberculosis in sana- toria was next considered and it was pointed out that while the Victorian climate was second to none in the facilities it afforded for taking advantage of the full benefit of the open- air treatment yet there was in the colony no institution in which any attempt was made to carry it out in its complete- ness." It was estimated that in the comparatively small population of Victoria no less than 6000 phthisical subjects existed. The death-rate from phthisis was greater in Victoria than in any other of the Australasian colonies and it was higher than it had been. It was strongly urged that an association should be formed for the prevention and treat- ment of phthisis. Finally Dr. McAdam referred to the relations between the medical profession and the friendly societies and said that whether remedies against existing evils were adopted or not rested entirely with the profession. If its members presented a bold and united front they would obtain reasonable and fair treatment which was all they demanded. The meeting closed with a hearty vote of thanks to Dr. McAdam who afterwards entertained the members at supper. Outbreak of Anthrax in Sheep. A mob of sheep which arrived at the Melbourne saleyards from New South Wales was found by the inspector to be suffering from anthrax. The inspector’s opinion was con- firmed by bacteriological examination by Dr. Cherry at the Pathological Laboratory, Melbourne University. Some of the sheep of the same mob had been sold as food before the disease was discovered. Every precaution has been taken to prevent further infection. Insanity in 2Ve7v South Wales. The annual report of the Inspector-General of the Insane for New South Wales shows that the number of insane is about 4000, of whom two in three are males. 692. persons were admitted to the asylums, and the net increase in patients was 112 which was less than in previous years. The proportion of recoveries, 327 of the total number, is satisfactory, and nearly half the admissions were so far relieved as to be safely discharged to the care of friends. The cost of maintenance in asylums was at the rate of E24 per patient annually and 13 per cent. of the total cost of maintenance was contributed by the relatives of the patients. As to causation, intemperance accounted for as many cases as were due to all the other causes. The classes which gave the greatest number of patients were : unskilled labourers, 149 ; domestic servants, 539 ; and persons of no occupation, 600. Opposition to the Children’s Hospital at the Gkbe, Sydney. At a recent meeting of the Glebe Municipal Council a long discussion took place as to the desirability of allowing the Children’s Hospital with its diphtheria wards to remain in so crowded a district and the following resolution was carried by six votes to two :- That this Council is of opinion that the opening of the Diphtheria. Hospital as a branch of the Children’s Hospital in the Glebe is contrary to the expressed original intention when the Children’s Hospital was opened ; that the existence of such Diphtheria Hospital in the Glebe is a. menace to the health of the inhabitants, and that the Government. should be requested to immediately remove the same to some less crowded and more suitable locality. In opposition to the motion it was pointed out that out of 145 patients taken to the hospital from all parts of Sydney and the suburbs only 25 were fatal cases, that not one of these was from the Glebe, that only one death from diph- theria occurred in the Glebe outside the hospital, and that the objections to the hospital were purely sentimental. Food Standards in New,South Wales. The Governor in Council of New South Wales has decreed, upon the recommendation of the Board of Health, the follow- ing food standards : milk shall contain not less than 12 per oerit. of natural milk solids, of which at least 3’2 parts must be genuine butter fat ; butter must contain not less than 83 per cent. genuine butter fat ; tea must not contain more than 8 per cent. of mineral matter, calculated on the tea. dried at 100° C., of which at least 3 parts must be soluble in water, and the tea as sold must yield at least 28 per cent. of extract ; vinegar should contain not less than 3 per cent. of acetic acid and not more than a one-thousand’th part by weight of sulphuric acid. Deatlz of the Secretary of the Melbourne Hospital. Mr. J. Williams who had been for 44 years secretary of the Melbourne Hospital and who resigned the position on Nov. 29th, 1898, owing to ill-health, died on Jan. 3rd, 1899. He was the initiator of the Hospital Sunday collections in Melbourne in the year 1873, since when the total amount collected has been E57,000. -Deat7i of Dr. A. Mueller. Dr. Augustus Mueller of Yackandandah died on Dec. 31st, 1898. He had practised in the district for over 40 years and was widely known as the originator of what has been called
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on their own account. There are therefore 18,200 legalgraduates more or less occupied. The " waste or loss bydeath or " invalidità" (being pensioned off) in this personnelamounts to 500 annually, while the average production ofgraduates between 1832 and 1896 was 1070-that is, morethan double the yearly loss. Take our own profession. Formedical men there are reserved in the public administrations20,757 posts; the average yearly "waste" i-3 500 and theaverage production of graduates per annum is 928-almost,if not quite, double the number there is room for. The
pharmacists fare better. For them there are 12,505 postsreserved. The annual "waste" is 313 and the produc-tion is 312. Veterinary surgeons in practice or in serviceare 2500. The annual " waste is 63 and the produc-tion is 86, though it should be stated that out of 8257communes only 1734 have hitherto provided themselveswith " divisional " veterinary surgeons. Midwives (for theytoo are "laureate") are in practice to the number of10,243. Their "waste" is 256 and their production is 556.But here, too, it should be said that 3338 communes have no"levatrici condotte "-that is, hired or I I divisional mid-wives. Engineers also graduate in excess, there being everyyear 300 posts open to them, while annually 356 are
"laureati." Lastly come the graduates in philosophy andliterature. The posts reserved for them in the publicadministrations are 3371; there are about 100 of these openevery year and there are 175 new graduates. This excess of
graduation is, as I have said, a grave evil, making itself feltin a thousand pernicious ways. As already pointed out inTHE LANCET it explains the enormous number of what areconveniently called °‘ publicists" or "affaristi" in Italy-men whose business is agitation in the press or on the plat-form, whose " objective" is " place," and whose activity inthe State serves no useful purpose, while leaving commerce,industry, and even the humbler arts more and more short-handed.
Feb. 4th.
AUSTRALIA.
(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
Tlze t’dctoria Branch of the British Medical Association.THE annual meeting of the Victoria Branch of the British
Medical Association was held on Dec. 21st, 1898. From the
report of the Council it appeared that 12 new members hadjoined during the year and district branches had been formedat Ballarat and Goulburn Valley. The following were electedas office-bearers for the ensuing year: President, Mr. A. L.Kenny, M.B.; vice-president, Mr. G. A. Syme, M.S., F.R.C.S.;honorary treasurer, Mr. J. R. M. Thomson, M.B.; honorarysecretary, Mr. W. Kent Hughes, M.B. Lond, M.R.C.S. Eng.;honorary librarian, Mr. Felix Meger, M.B.; editor ofthe Australasian Medical Gazette, Mr. J. W. Springthorpe,M.D. Melb., M.R.C.P. Lond. Members of Council: Mr.A. V. M. Anderson, M.D. ; Mr. F. D. Bird, M.S.,M.R.C.S. ; Mr. F. M. Harricks, F.R.C.S.Irel.; Mr. H. F.Lawrence, M.R.C.P.Edin.; Mr.R.L. McAdam, M.D.Dub.; Mr.D. Mc.M. Officer, M.B.; Mr. M. A. O’Sullivan, L.R.C.S.Irel.;Mr. R. R. Stawell, M.D.Melb.; Mr. A. W. F. Noyes, F.R.C.S.Edin. The retiring President, Dr. R. L. McAdam, read anaddress in which he congratulated the branch upon a verysuccessful year of work, signalised further by the admissionof lady members. Reference was made to "patent medi-cines " and the necessity for taking steps to protect thecommunity against these remedies and it was recommendedthat the Government should adopt the German custom ofanalysing these nostrums and having the result and the actualcost of each ingredient affixed to each bottle or packet. Thepresent methods of meat- and milk-supply came in for somescathing criticism. The new "Meat Bill" was "a tardy effortto effect a much-needed reform," but " of still greater neces-sity was it that the milk-supply of the community should beradically improved." The treatment of tuberculosis in sana-toria was next considered and it was pointed out that whilethe Victorian climate was second to none in the facilities itafforded for taking advantage of the full benefit of the open-air treatment yet there was in the colony no institution inwhich any attempt was made to carry it out in its complete-ness." It was estimated that in the comparatively smallpopulation of Victoria no less than 6000 phthisical subjectsexisted. The death-rate from phthisis was greater in Victoria
than in any other of the Australasian colonies and it washigher than it had been. It was strongly urged that anassociation should be formed for the prevention and treat-ment of phthisis. Finally Dr. McAdam referred to therelations between the medical profession and the friendlysocieties and said that whether remedies against existingevils were adopted or not rested entirely with the profession.If its members presented a bold and united front they wouldobtain reasonable and fair treatment which was all theydemanded. The meeting closed with a hearty vote of thanksto Dr. McAdam who afterwards entertained the members atsupper.
Outbreak of Anthrax in Sheep.A mob of sheep which arrived at the Melbourne saleyards
from New South Wales was found by the inspector to besuffering from anthrax. The inspector’s opinion was con-firmed by bacteriological examination by Dr. Cherry at thePathological Laboratory, Melbourne University. Some ofthe sheep of the same mob had been sold as food beforethe disease was discovered. Every precaution has beentaken to prevent further infection.
Insanity in 2Ve7v South Wales.The annual report of the Inspector-General of the Insane
for New South Wales shows that the number of insaneis about 4000, of whom two in three are males. 692.persons were admitted to the asylums, and the netincrease in patients was 112 which was less than in
previous years. The proportion of recoveries, 327 of thetotal number, is satisfactory, and nearly half the admissionswere so far relieved as to be safely discharged to the care offriends. The cost of maintenance in asylums was at therate of E24 per patient annually and 13 per cent. of the totalcost of maintenance was contributed by the relatives of thepatients. As to causation, intemperance accounted for asmany cases as were due to all the other causes. The classeswhich gave the greatest number of patients were : unskilledlabourers, 149 ; domestic servants, 539 ; and persons of nooccupation, 600.
Opposition to the Children’s Hospital at the Gkbe, Sydney.At a recent meeting of the Glebe Municipal Council a long
discussion took place as to the desirability of allowing theChildren’s Hospital with its diphtheria wards to remain inso crowded a district and the following resolution wascarried by six votes to two :-That this Council is of opinion that the opening of the Diphtheria.
Hospital as a branch of the Children’s Hospital in the Glebe is contraryto the expressed original intention when the Children’s Hospital wasopened ; that the existence of such Diphtheria Hospital in the Glebe is a.menace to the health of the inhabitants, and that the Government.should be requested to immediately remove the same to some lesscrowded and more suitable locality.In opposition to the motion it was pointed out that out of145 patients taken to the hospital from all parts of Sydneyand the suburbs only 25 were fatal cases, that not one ofthese was from the Glebe, that only one death from diph-theria occurred in the Glebe outside the hospital, and thatthe objections to the hospital were purely sentimental.
Food Standards in New,South Wales.The Governor in Council of New South Wales has decreed,
upon the recommendation of the Board of Health, the follow-ing food standards : milk shall contain not less than 12 peroerit. of natural milk solids, of which at least 3’2 parts mustbe genuine butter fat ; butter must contain not less than83 per cent. genuine butter fat ; tea must not contain morethan 8 per cent. of mineral matter, calculated on the tea.dried at 100° C., of which at least 3 parts must be solublein water, and the tea as sold must yield at least 28 percent. of extract ; vinegar should contain not less than 3 percent. of acetic acid and not more than a one-thousand’th partby weight of sulphuric acid.
Deatlz of the Secretary of the Melbourne Hospital.Mr. J. Williams who had been for 44 years secretary of
the Melbourne Hospital and who resigned the position onNov. 29th, 1898, owing to ill-health, died on Jan. 3rd, 1899.He was the initiator of the Hospital Sunday collections inMelbourne in the year 1873, since when the total amountcollected has been E57,000.
-Deat7i of Dr. A. Mueller.Dr. Augustus Mueller of Yackandandah died on Dec. 31st,
1898. He had practised in the district for over 40 years andwas widely known as the originator of what has been called
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the "strychnine cure" for snake-bite. He was born inWestphalia in 1828 and graduated M.D. at Giessen in 1854.Besides practising his profession he was a vigneron of somenote and was also a confirmed spiritualist. At the time ofhis death he was engaged in writing a work on the treatmentof typhoid fever.
Jan. 3rd. __ __
Medical News.EXAMINING BOARD IN ENGLAND BY THE ROYAL
COLLEGES OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS.-The followinggentlemen passed the First Examination of the Board in thesubjects indicated :-
FIVE YEARS’ REGULATIONS.
Part J. Chemistry and Physics. - Charles F. Medlicott Abbott-Brown, King’s College, London; Owen Mortimer Bartlett,St. Mary’s Hospital; Leonard Bolitho Bigg, St. Bartholo-mew’s Hospital; George Birch, London Hospital; LawrenceTwemlow Booth, University College, Liverpool; Guy LeslieBuckeridge, Oxford University and Guy’s Hospital; ThomasWaycott Chaff and Stephen Estridge Crawford, St. Bartholomew’sHospital; Arthur Frederick Cole and Harold Juler Cundell,St. Mary’s Hospital; John Alfred Cronkshaw, Owens College,Manchester; Percy Toplis Drabble, Firth College, Sheffield ;Armin Gascoigne Vavasour Elder, St. George’s Hospital;Harry Loft Evans, St. Thomas’s Hospital; Robert MarshallFickling, Birkbeck Institute ; Samuel Christopher Reeve Flaxman,Middlesex Hospital; Raymond Reynolds Garrett, St. Mary’s Hospital;George Francis Hardy, Guy’s Hospital; John Warwick Hele,Middlesex Hospital; Martin Herzheim, St. Bartholomew’sHospital; Ludovic Hill, St. Mungo’s College, Glasgow; NelsonWood Hill, London Hospital; Lionel Swinton Hooper, St. Thomas’sHospital; Hugh Morley Huggins, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital;Sydney Francis Huth, St. Mary’s Hospital; Edgar Norman Jupp,Guy’s Hospital; Charles Samuel Kingston and Edward Leverton-Spry, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital; Frederick Boulton Lowe, Guy’sHospital; Evelyn John Hausler Luxmoore, St. Mary’s Hospital;Ernest Hammond McMahon, Charing-cross Hospital; PhilipJauvrin Marett, Westminster Hospital; George Boddy Messenger,University College, Liverpool; Hugh Francis Fountain Mortimer,Birkbeck Institute ; Charles William O’Brien, St. Bartholomew’sHospital; Geoffrey Owens Parsons, St. Thomas’s Hospital;Herbert Wilberforce Perkins, Birkbeck Institute; Bryan Pick,St. George’s Hospital; James Derham Reid, Owens College,Manchester; David Harold Richards, Guy’s Hospital; Thomas ’,Rose, Middlesex Hospital; Edward John Henry Rudge and IGeorge Meredith Sanderson, London Hospital; Harvey LlewellynShelton, Guy’s Hospital; Aaron Hoyland Smith, Firth College,Sheffield ; Robert Spears and Howard Douglas Stewart, UniversityCollege, London; Joseph Harvey Kemp Sykes, Yorkshire College,Leeds, and Technical College, Bradford ; Francis Thompson, LondonHospital; Edward Mervyn Thomson, St. George’s Hospital; HenryStrawson Turner, King’s College, London; Hugh Wheelwright,St. Thomas’s Hospital; George Frederick Wilson, London Hospital;and Walter Frederick Wise, Middlesex Hospital.
48 gentlemen were referred for three months.Part II. Practical Pharmacy.-Charles Birch, Mason University
College, Birmingham ; Sidney Charles Henry Bent, Guy’s Hos-pital ; Harry Hendy Butcher, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital; PercivalButler, Private Study; William Reginald Cazenove and JosephTaaffe De Coteau, Guy’s Hospital; Thomas Waycott Chaff andCharles Dix, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital; Walter Dick, UniversityCollege, London; Reginald Ambrose ’Facey, St. Mary’s Hospital ;Harold Edwards Flint and Harold Goodman, St. Bartholomew’sHospital; Francisco Jose Gomez, King’s College, London; PhilipLansdowne Hickes, University College, Bristol, and Guy’sHospital ; Ludovic Hill, St. Mungo’s College, Glasgow ;Ricardo Luis Jimenez, Guy’s Hospital ; David John Lewisand James Adrian McComb, London Hospital; Leslie MilesMorris, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital; Ridley Ewart Mounsey,St. George’s Hospital ; Samuel Northwood, Mason Uni-versity College, Birmingham; Charles Louis Claude Owen, St.Bartholomew’s Hospital; Horace George Pinches, St. Thomas’sHospital; Robert John Pritchard and William Owen Roberts, Guy’sHospital; Rees William Rees, Surgeons’ Hall, Edinburgh, andUniversity College, London; Edward Arthur Sanders, King’sCollege, London; Robert West Stephenson, University College,Liverpool; George Shorland and Edwin John Tongue, Guy’sHospital; Arthur Ernest Whitehead, Firth College, Sheffield ;and Henry Chadwick Woodcock, St. Mary’s Hospital.
13 gentlemen were referred for three months.Part -TII. Elementary Biology -Harold Balme, King’s College,London ; Henry Bardsley, University College, Liverpool; HenryStagg Bennett and Amelius Cyril Birt, St. Thomas’s Hospital;Bertram Raleigh Bickford, Charing-cross Hospital; Sidney ClementBowle, Guy’s Hospital; Charles Reginald Bradley, BirkbeckInstitute ; Francis Arthur Brodribb, St. Paul’s School, London;Hugh Donald Cochrane, St. Thomas’s Hospital; Thomas ReginaldCouldrey, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital; Frederick WilliamsCresswell, St. Mary’s Hospital; Armin Gascoigne VavasourElder, St. George’s Hospital; Harold Salter Gettings,Mason University College, Birmingham; Robert II. T.Penruddooke Harris and William Frederick Higginson, St.Mary’s Hospital; Arthur Edgar Hay, King’s College, London;John Warwick Hele, Middlesex Hospital; Arthur Stuart MenteithHutchinson, and Alfred John Hopkinson Iles, St.Thomas’s Hospital;Martin Herzheim and Robert Mackenzie Im Thurn, St. Bartholo-mew’s Hospital; Marcus Antonius Johnston-Lavis, Epsom College;
Seymour Whitworth Jones, St. Mary’s Hospital ; William AtholDesmond King, Middlesex Hospital ; OolinButterworth Lee,Owens College, Manchester ; Panlin John Martin, St. Bartlrolontew’sHospital; Frederick James l’ierce, Charing Cross Hospital;Edmund Arthur Roberts, King’s College, London; James DerhamReid, Owens College, Manchester ; Thomas Hose, Middlesex Hos-
pital ; George Meredith Sanderson and Samuel Smulian, LondonHospital; Isaac Surtees Sheffield, Guy’s Hospital; Malcolm WinfridShute, St. George’s Hospital; George Morley Arundel Thomas, St.Mary’s Hospital; Henry Strawson Turner, King’s College, London ;J. C. F. Dudley Vaughan, Bertram Joseph Wakley, Henry AlbertWickens West, and John Henry Marsden Whitehead, St. Thomas’sHospital; Arthur Reginald Wade, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital;Salomon James Weinberg, Owens College, Manchester ; VernonNorthwood Whitamore, Cliaring-cross Hospital; and EdwardsBarton Cartwright White, London Hospital.
22 gentlemen were referred for three montha.
FOUR YEARS’ REGULATIONS.
Part II. Materia lVledica.-Alexander Vigors Benson, LondonHospital; George Minter Brown, Guy’s Hospital ; Augustus CharlesJenkins, London Hospital ; Louis Charles Martin, Guy’s Hospital;Peter Herbert Seholberg, Cambridge University and St. Bartholo-mew’s Hospital ; and William Peach Taylor, Firth College, Sheffield.
One gentleman was referred for three months.Part III.Elementary Physiology.-James John Anning and JamesEwing, Yorkshire College, Leeds.
UNIVERSITY OF LONDON.-The following can-didates at the Intermediate Examination in Medicine held in
January were successful :-ENTIRE EXAMINATION.
First I)ivision. -Archibald Douglas Hamilton, University College,Liverpool; Henry Walter James, University College, Cardiff, andSt. Bartholomew’s Hospital; and Philip Savill, University College.
Second Division. -Henry Martyn Brown, St. Mary’s Hospital; JanetMary Campbell, London School of Medicine for Women; CecilEdwin Chriswick Child, Charing-cross Hospital, and BirkbeckInstitute; Edward Murray Clarke, University College, Cardiff ;Olive Claydon, London School of Medicine for Women; GeorgeThomas Collins, Guy’s Hospital; Lucian Arnold E. DeZilwa, B.Sc.,University College; Henry Bertram Foster, Guy’s Hospital;Lionel Capper Johnson, University College, Liverpool, and OwensCollege ; Henry Crewe Keates, Guy’s Hospital; Charles ErnestLakin, Middlesex Hospital; Richard Ernest Lloyd, B.Se., UniversityCollege ; Herbert Love, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital ; FrederickJames Alexander Mayes, and John Sherwood New, UniversityCollege ; John Elliott Sparks, University College, Bristol; LouisaSpicer, London School of Medicine for Women ; Albert EdwardThomas, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital; and Vivian Francis Wall,St. Mary’s Hospital.The names of the other successful candidates, as well as of
those who have passed the Preliminary Scientific Examinationwill be published next week.
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE.-A CambridgeUniversity Association has been formed for the purpose ofenlarging the resources of the University, and, as we
announced last week, the Chancellor, His Grace the Duke ofDevonshire, is its President. In addition to a gift of £10,000from the Chancellor and a like gift from Lord Rothschild’sfirm, benefactions amounting to over £ 30,000 have alreadybeen promised for specific objects. This includes the sum
promised by the Drapers’ Company for the establishmentof a department of agricultural science. The followingBachelors of Arts were on Feb. 2nd admitted to the degreesof Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery: F. H.Maturin, Gonville and Caius ; G. E. Harthan, Jesus; A. E.Harrisson, Magdalene ; and P. T. Sutcliffe and H. C. Thorp,Emmanuel.-A notice has been issued by the Special Boardfor Medicine giving a new schedule for the examination inPharmaceutical Chemistry which forms part of the SecondExamination for the degree of Bachelor of Medicine. ThisSchedule will come into force on the first day of October,1899.The examination will be practical and the questions set will have
reference to-(1) The chemical principles involved in the preparation of the
following substances : reduced iron, mercury with challc, lithiumcitrate, potassium iodide, mercurous chloride, mercuric chloride,calcium hypophosphite, arsenical (Fowler’s) solution, hydrochloricsolution of arsenic, sulphurated lime, iron phosphate, strong solution offerric chloride, bismuth oxynitrate, strong solution of lead subacetate,tartarated antimony, iron and ammonium citrate, ammoniatedmercury.
(2) The chemical relations characteristic of the following substances:solution of trinitrin, amyl nitrite, chloral hydrate, iodoform, hydro-cyanic acid ; the alkaloids atropine, brucine, codeine, morphine,quinine, strychnine, and caffeine; phenol, beta-naphthol, salicylic
acid, salol; gallic acid, the tannins of galls and catechu; salicin ;acetanilide, phenacetin, phenazone.
(3) The chemical incompatibilities of drugs as illustrated by the inter-action of iron salts with arsenical solutions, alkalies with mercurialpreparations, acids with sulphurated lime, acids and oxidising agentswith potassium iodide, and astringent solutions with alkaloids.
(4) The estimation by volumetric methods of arsenic and antimonyin given solutions of chlorine in chlorinated lime, of hydrocyanic acidin cherry-laurel water and other solutions, of iron in reduced ironand iron phosphate, of nitrites in solution of ethyl nitrite and spirit of
