AUTHOR INDEX

Alston, W. P., 267, 272, 279 Ames, B., 10 Anderson, N., 51 Annas, G., 49 Anscombe, G. E., 205, 223 Aries, P., 27, 40, 58, 59, 60,

61, 62, 63, 204 Aristotle, 6, 7, 25, 26, 35, 258,

259 Aron, I. E., 272 Bales, R. F., 48 Barash, D. P., 83 Baribeau, J. M. C., 272 Barker, E., 19 Bartholome, W. G., 316, 317,

318, 319, 353, 354, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 363, 364, 365

Bartky, S. L., 115 Bateson, G., 29, 34, 35, 41 Baumrind, D., 274 Beaver, W. R., 34 Beck, C. M., 254 Becker, G. 5., 185 Benn, S. I., 135 Bennis, W. G., 31 Black, D. W., 145, 146,247,

248,249 Blake, J., 185 Bloch, M., 39 Bowles,S., 64, 295, 300, 303 Brandel, F., 40 Braun, C. M. J., 272 Bronfenbrenner, U., 163, 203,

204, 234, 274 Brophy, J., 47 Buber, M., 199,200 Burt, R., 200 Campbell, A. G. M., 322, 326,

327 Castan, Y., 40 Char lemagne, 58 Chodorow, N., 102 Clark, L., 203 Clifton, L., 104

367

Cohen, H., 137, 138, 139, 140, 158

Coleman, J. 5., 234 Collingwood, R. G., 238, 239 Collins, H. W., 219 Cortes, J. B., 48 Crittenden, B.S., 254 Curie-Cohen, M., 47, 49 Decker, A., 47 Delone, R. H., 303 Demos, J., 41 Dewey, J., 291, 341 Dibrell, W., 141 Dinnerstein, D., 94, 95, 118 Donchin, A., 316, 317, 319,

331, 332 Donzelot, J., 13 Duff, R. 5., 322, 326, 327 Dupuis, V. L., 219 Dworkin, R., 155 Eisler, B., 220 Ellis, M. J., 247 Engels, F., 27 Englehardt, H. T., Jr., 318,

324, 327 Epictetus, 50 Erikson, E., 33, 232 Espenshade, T., 53 Evans, J., 143, 144, 145,231,

232, 233, 234 Farson, R., 150 Febvre, L., 39 Feinberg, J., 134, 135, 138,

150, 167,339,355,357, 361

Ferree, G. F., 258, 293, 294 Fitzgerald, H. E., 257 F1andrin, J., 5 Flay, J., 12, 13 Fraenkel, J. R., 272 Freeman, J., 324 Freeman, V., 335 Freud, A., 203,206, 207, 323,

328, 342 Freud,S., 296 Fried, C., 203

368

Friquegnon, Mo, 257, 259, 273, 274

Frye, Mo, 77 Fuller, L., 206, 207 GaBie, Wo Bo, 262 Garland, Mo Jo, 335 Gatti, Fo Mo, 48 Genesis, 45 Gibbs, Jo Co, 257, 272, 274 Gilligan, Co, 271 Gintis, Ho, 64, 295, 300, 303 Golding, Mo Po, 340 Golding, Wo, 163 Goldstein, Jo, 203, 206, 207,

323, 328, 342 Gossett, Jo To, 34 Grandstaff, Mo, 12, 13 Greenleaf, Bo Ko, 220, 221 Gr ice, Po, 222 Grief, Eo Bo, 272, 273 Griffiths, No, 8 Gunnemann, Jo, 347 Habermas, Jo, 77 Hare, Ro Mo, 268, 269 Harmin, Mo, 288, 293 Hart, Ho Co, 279 Hart, Ho L. Ao, 339, 340 Havighurst, Ro, 279, 281 Hersh, Ro Ho, 296 Hobbes, To, 6, 17, 19,20,26,

185 Hobsbawm, Eo Jo, 59, 60, 63 Hoffman, Eo, 254, 309, 310 Hoffman, L., 201 Hoffman, Mo L., 274, 279 Hogan, Ro, 272 Holt, Jo, 137 Horkheimer, Mo, 32, 33 Huizinga, Jo, 239, 247 Hume, Do, 268 Ibsen, Ho, 17 Jacklin, Co No, 185 Jenckes, Co, 303 Johansen, Jo Ho, 219 Johnson, Jo Ao, 219 Jonsen, Ao Ro, 335 Kant, I., 186, 268, 339 Ketchum, So Ao, 303 Kett, J ° F 0, 220, 221, 222

AUTHOR INDEX

Kluckhorn, Co, 45 Kohlberg, L., 255, 256, 257,

258,259,261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 271,272,273,274,277, 278, 279, 280, 289, 290, 295,298,299, 302, 304, 309, 310

Kramer, Ro, 271 Kurtines, W 0, 272, 273 Ladenson, Ro F 0, 341 Laing, Ro Do, 32 Langer, So, 240 Lasch, Co, 6, 13, 32, 43, 57 Laslett, Po, 40, 41 Lee, To, 281 Levande, Do 1o, 257 Lewis, Jo Mo, 34 Likona, Do, 280 Lipman, Mo, 259 Locke, Jo, 6, 17,22,23,24,

26, 29, 30, 34, 156, 187 Loebl, So, 47 Lougee, Co, 42 Luepnitz, Do, 53 Luttrell, L., 47, 49 Lynn, Do, 48, 49 Maccoby, Eo Eo, 185 MacPherson, Co Bo, 6 Magowan, So, 281 Maine, Ho So, 18 Marx, Ko, 27, 29, 57 May, Wo, 347, 348 McCloskey, Ho Jo, 339, 342,

343 McCormick, Ro Ao, 325, 326,

346, 347 McKinney, Jo Po, 274 Medinnus, Go, 279 Merleau-Ponty, Mo, 238 Meyer, Ao Eo, 219 Mill, Jo So, 138, 154, 155, 186 Miller, Bo L., 53, 315, 316, 318,

319 Miller, Jo Bo, 111, 112 Minuchin, Po, 34 Minuchin, So, 34 Montague, Po, 356 Moore, Bo, 298

AUTHOR INDEX

Morris, H., 339, 341, 342, 360, 361, 362

Morris, V., 287 Mosteller, T., 303 Moynihan, D. P., 303 Murdoch, I., 109, 110, 116, 117 Nasaw, D., 64 Neugarten, B., 279, 281 Neuman, E. A., 248 Nielsen, K., 344 Oljenik, A. B., 274 O'Neill, 0., 51, 54 Ost,D. E., 318 Palitto, D. P., 296 Parsons, T., 48 Peters, R. S., 256, 277, 278 Perkins, S., 140, 141 Phibbs, R. H., 335 Phillips, V. A., 34 Piaget, J., 238, 271, 273, 277,

278,279 Plato, 33, 253, 254, 255, 258,

259, 263 Polani, K., 4 Popper, K., 8, 33 Porteus, H., 31, 32, 41 Powers, C., 347 Pratt, L., 44 Protagoras, 253, 254, 255, 256,

258 Rakoff, V., 220 Ramsey, P., 325, 338, 346, 347 Ravitch, D., 61 Rawls, J., 17, 161, 183, 187,

189, 190, 203, 296, 297, 303, 311, 339, 347 .

Reich, W. T., 318 Reimer, J., 296 Rich, A., 102, 109, 115, 118,

119 Robison, W., 139, 179, 180,

181 Rosaldo, M. Z., 118 Rossi, A. S., 75, 76, 77, 81,

82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89,90,91,92,93,94,95, 96

Roth, L. E., 288 Rothman, D., 40

Rousseau, J. J., 6, 17, 19,21, 22, 26, 27, 184

369

Ruddick, S., 77, 78, 79, 332 Ruddick, W., 51, 137, 138, 139,

140, 175, 176, 177, 178 Ruesch, J., 29 Russell, B., 31, 258, 283, 284,

285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 293, 294

Santayana, 31 Santilli, 6, 7 Satir, V 0, 34 Sawhill, V 0, 185 Scanlon, To Mo, 168 Schachner, No, 59 Schiamberg, L., 145, 234 Schneider, Ho, 31 Schoeman, Fo, 142, 143,215,

216,217,218 Schrag, Fo, 151 Schwartzman, Ho Bo, 248 Selman, Ro, 278 Sennett, Ro, 62, 65 Shapiro, So, 47, 49 Shaw, A., 335 Shorter, Eo, 6, 220, 221, 222 Silberman, Co Eo, 219 Simon, J., 347 Simon, S. Bo, 288 Simpson, E. L., 272, 273, 280 Skolnick, Jo, 204 Slater, Po Eo, 31, 43 Smilansky, So, 248 Smith, Do M., 328, 342 Smith, K. Uo, 234 Socrates, 253, 254, 255, 257,

258, 262, 263 Solnit, A. Jo, 203, 206, 207,

323, 328, 342 Sorokin, Po Ao, 32 Stone, Lo, 23, 35 Strauss, Lo, 24 Struckmeyer, F 0, 8, 9 Sullivan, Eo V 0, 254, 272 Suter, R., 254, 258 Thompson, Ro, 42 Thorne, Bo, 14 Tillich, P., 36 T offler, Ao, 54

370

Tooley, M., 204 Tooley, W. H., 318, 335 Trevor-Roper, H., 40 Turiel, E., 272 Unger, R. M., 188 Vaughn, S. R., 258,293,294 Verhey, A., 140 Vlastos, G., 254, 344 Wade, N., 74 Wald, M., 200, 202, 203 Wall, R., 40 Wallace, A. F. C., 220, 221 Wasserstrom, R., 344, 345 Wei!,S., Ill, 116, 117 Wei!, W. B., Jr., 317 Wells, R., 40 Whiren, A., 146 White, L. A., 146 White House Conference, 48 Wilczak, P. F., 36 Wilder, H. T., 75, 76, 77 Williams, B., 110 Wilson, E. 0., 83 Wolfe, T., 43 Wright, D., 278 Zaretsky, E., 303

AUTHOR INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX

Abortion: woman's right, 326 AID: 43, 45,47, 49, 51; re­

quirements of parents, 54 Alienation: cause in family, 32;

and self-integration, 234 America: moral dynamics, 299-

300; socialization in capitalist, 309

Annales: school of history, 39-40

Aristotle: on the family, 6-7; on child's duty, 6-7; model of community 7; reason for fami­ly, 25; definition of family, 35; child as property of parent, 204; theory of moral develop­ment, 258; possibility of moral knowledge, 259

Artificial insemination: and via­bility of family structures, 9; social policy concerning, 9-10

Association, principles of: regu­lation of relationships, 206-207

Authority: family, 29, 41; abuse in family, 32; and alienation, 32; in seventeenth century families, 40-41

Beneficence: principle of, 161; and principle of equality, 161

Biological determinism: rejec­tion of, 127

Biology: and social roles, 73-76 Bonding: paternal-infant, 90;

maternal-infant, 90, 91,92,94 Capitalism: and social life, 4-5;

and purpose of school, 58; de­velopment of, 59; and public life, 62; and invention of childhood, 62; and work life, 63; and moral education, 254

Cavernous hemangioma: case history, 337

Changeability of rules: Navajo children and, 281

Child: duties to parents, 23-24;

371

interests, 26; welfare, 45; and homosexual parent, 45, 46; nurture, 47; moral develop­ment, 48; welfare of AID, 49; proxies, 139; protection of, 149-150; paternal protection, 151; rights and capacities of, 151; relationship with parents and agent, 157; advocate, 163-164; miniature adult, 165; and liberty-rights, 166; maturation and paternalism, 169; depen­dence and rights, 183; rights and duties of parents and, 184; parental liberty and liberty of, 189-190, 197-198; parental lib­erty and needs of, 191; reci­procity with parents, 195; needs, 200, 202, 204-205; dis­tr ibution schemes of, 207; well-being, 210; relationship with parent, 215; love for par­ents, 216; abuse, 216; inter­vention in abuse, 216; friend­ships, 216; unequal oppor­tunities, 217; identity, 219; ro­mantic view, 219-220; objects recognized by internal rheto­ric, 238; rhetorical form of objects, 244; as moral realist, 271; as moral relativist, 272; role in socialization theory, 274; influences on moral be­havior, 274; treated as per­sons, 341-343, 360

--care: and liberal thinkers, 184-185;· innate instinct, 185; socialized desire, 185; and pa­rental liberty, 189-190, 195, 197-198; liberal view, 193; in­nate desire to nurture, 194; nurturing socialization, 194; possible motives, 195; parents' latitude in, 202; responsi­bilities of, 217

--rights: See, Rights, children

372

Childhood: history of, 39-41; ro­mantic tradition, 221; sim­plicity, 221-222; meaning of, 231

Circumcision: case history of neonatal, 337; 356

Claims: medical decisions for infants, 349-350. See also, Rights

Class, social: interrelations with family and school, 12; and family life, 57, 60; criteria of, 59; bourgeoisie, 60; prole­tarian, 60; and schooling, 60-61; struggle, 69; indexical na­ture of experience and, 70

Cognitive development: and moral development, 296

Content: in moral reasoning, 277

Cottage industry, 63 Cultural diversity: division

within person, 222; self­constitution and, 223

Democratic socialism: 301, 310 Devaluation: of women, 77; of

housework, 77 Education: of character, 284; in

knowledge, 284; existential view, 287-288; self-scrutiny, 288; self-improvement, 288; values clarification, 288-289, 293-294; acceleration of moral development, 290. See also, Russell, B.

Engles, F.: family life, 27 Equality: in family, 30-31 Ethical relativist: and moral de-

velopment, 262 Ethics: Socratic truth about,

261 Euthanasia: defective infants,

315 Evolutionary theory: biological

basis of sex-roles, 76 Existentialism: 287 -288 Family: effects on economic in­

stitutions, 5; interrelations with school and social class,

SUBJECT INDEX

12; naturalness of, 17-18; con­tractual institution, 18; found­ing principles, 20; and love, 22, 26-27; and final good of man, 25; affection, 25; moral excellence and, 25; bonds, 26; interests, 26; power, 30-31; contractualism and solidarity, 32; cause of alienation, 32; au­thoritarian, 35; in concrete, historical context, 67, 70; re­lational view, 68; feminist cri­tiques of, 78; post-feminist view, 82-83; in trouble, 149, 150; lack of philosophy of, 165; definition, 202; appreci­ation of, 208; changing, 217; two-parent, 217; single­parent, 217; reproductive unit, 218; lengthening of life of, 222; altruism in, 326. See also, Aristotle, Engels, F., Freud, S., Hegel, G., Marx, K., Plato, Rousseau, J. J.

Family life: questions con-cerning, 3; power relations in, 3; and public agencies, 3; and mass culture, 3; uncertainty and ambivalence concerning, 3; and economic activity, 5; and political activity, 5; state and corporate penetration of, 5; liberal thought on, 6; and external intervention, 9; social class and, 57; school and 57, 64-65

Family structure: transforma­tions of, 4; experimentation with forms of, 11; authori­tarian, 32-35; pyramidal order, 34; polycentric order, 34; monarchical model, 34; sys­temic, 34-36. See also, Pop­per, K.

Father: love, 21-22; supremacy of, 29; absence in family, 48-49

Fertilization: in vitro, 44 Frankfurt School: Fascism and

SUBJECT INDEX

family, 32-33 Freedom: sexual, 43; repro-

ductive, 43, 51 Freud,S.: family life and per­

sonali ty, 4; maternal power, 102

Functionalism: purposes of edu­cation, 12-13

Gresham-effect: and child wel­fare, 167

Habits: desirable, 285-286; as dispositions, 286; and auton­omy, 291

Handedness: and infant holding, 90

Hare, R. M.: prescriptivist meta-ethics and Kohlberg's ethics, 268

Hegel, G.: and family life, 3; priority of human culture, 222

Hobbes, T.: political theory, 6; family theory based on con­tractual relation, 6; social contract theory, 17, 19-20; family as contract, 20-21; child care and parental ends, 185

Human worth: and individual's well-being, 344; total value equation, 344

Identity: and integration, 219; romantic view, 219-220; nega­tive experience and, 220; ideal, 220; prevailing notion, 224

Immanent Justice: J. Piaget and moral judgment, 279

Infant: as person, 341-343, 354, 355, 361; special rights of, 358-359; rights, 361-364, pas­sim

Infanticide, 324 Informed consent: medical in­

tervention, 336 Insemination: artificial with

donor sperm, 43. See also, AID

Integration: opposing self-images, 226; junior high school

373

student, 227; 234; "alienation", 234; limitation of Evans' view, 234

Intimacy: moral features, 199; significance, 199; and parents' rights, 199, 205; and rights perspective, 201; right to, 202, 203; moral meaning of, 203; definition, 206; and privacy, 206; and autonomy, 206; state regulation of, 206; questions of family, 209; state inter­ference and family, 209; state intervention, 215

Intima te: etymology, 201 Just institutions: and moral de­

velopment, 296 Kant, I.: obligation to nurture,

186; formalism and Kohlberg's ethics, 268; universal rules, 268

Kantian principle: applied to in­fant, 338-339, 354-355

Kew Gardens Principle, 347 Kohlberg, L.: theory of moral

development criticisms, 272; great error, 273; aspect scor­ing changed to issue scoring, 280. See also, Moral develop­ment

Lesbians: and artificial insemi­nation, 43

Let-down argument: and ma­ternal behaviors, 90-91

Liberalism: maximize individual liberty, 141; parent-child rela­tionship, 193; misunder­standing theory of injustice, 302-303; focus on school and family interaction, 303

Locke, J.: political theory, 6; family as contractual relation, 6; social contract theory, 17; family and natural law, 22-23; family as contract, 23-24; du­ties of children, 24; patri­archy, 30; duty of child care, 187

Marx, K.: family and extra fa-

374

milial forces, 4; family affec­tion, 27; theory of class, 57; class analysis, 68-69

Mass Society: threat to family, 33 .

Maternal thought: 78-79; femi­nist contribution, 104; exam­ple of womanly thinking, 105; biological bases, 105; male and female origins, 105; definition, 106; and scientific thinking, 109; virtues of, 109-110; as mentalism, 111; feminist con­sciousness transforms, 114-115, 117; attention and a­chievement,.1l6-1l7

Medical decisions: affecting children, 315-319, passim; sub­ject-centered approach, 315; social-policy approach, 315; informed consent, 315-316, 322; proxy consent, 316-317; defective infants, 316; prag­matic solution, 317,331; bases for parental discretion, 322-323; parental authority, 325; parents and, 331-334, passim; medical care providers, 333-334; state and, 333-334; dis­advantages, 333; advantages, 333

Medicine: and welfare of AID children, 47

Mill, J. S.: obligation to nurture, 186

Moral agent: adult as, 325 Moral behavior: influences on,

274 Moral development: stage se­

quential, 255-256; concept of character habits, 258; ideal end, 263; gardening model of, 263; preconventional level, 265; conventional level, 265; post conventional level, 265; and moral conduct, 266; and moral absolutism, 269; criti­cisms of Kohlberg's theory of, 272; distinction between con-

SUBJECT INDEX

tent and structure, 277; stage theory, 277; relative impor­tance of content and struc­ture, 277-278; cognitive­developmental theory, 280; in­variant sequence, 289; ac­celeration, 290; Kohlberg's re­search, 295; blocked by capi­talist institutions, 295; two sufficient factors for, 296; and democracy, 296; moral matur­ity, 297; moral immaturity, 299

Moral education: distinguished from socialization, 254; forms of, 262; difficulty with liberal presuppositions, 295; inter­vening in socialization, 297

Moral realism: in moral judg­ment, 280

Moral reasoning: structure, 277 Moral truth: and empirical

facts, 267; "is-ought" passage on, 268

Natural order: of social life, 73; and women's role, 73; and sociobiology, 73-74

Nature-nurture debate: and sex­linked characteristics, 85; and relevance of biology, 85

Negative experience: romantic view of identity, 220

Parenting: Prospect Provision Principle, 172

--maternal: 73; and roles of women, 73; humanistic ap­proach to, 76; feminist under­standing of, 77-78; holding spirit, 77; resilient cheer­fulness, 78; maternal thinking, 78-79; unique naturalness, 81-82; biosocial perspective, 81-82; endocrine functioning and, 84-91, passim; evolutionary history and, 84-87, 91-94, pas­sim; let-down argument and, 90-91; and unique human pre­maturity, 92-93; disadvantages of exclusive, ~4-~ 5; love in,

SUBJECT INDEX

103; competence in, 103; plea­sure in, 103; rewards of, 103; and preservation of child, 107; and appreciability of child, 107, 112; opposition to nature, 108; excessive control in, 108-109; foster growth, 110; change central to, 111; and obedience, 113-11~; dissoci­ation of womanhood and, 128, 129-130

--paternal: benefits of, 118-119; and dissolution of female power, 128

--training: compensatory for males, 81, 96

Parents: not rights-respecters, 167; state assistance to, 169-170; state defined adequacy, 170; smorgasbord principle, 171; and child's well-being, 171; definition of adequate, 172; government aid to, 175, 181; needed virtues, 175, 181; state's definition of adequate, 181; rights of children and, 18~; duties of children and, 18~; voluntary care of child, 18~-185; child care and free­dom of, 188, 197-198; child's liberty and, 189-191, 195; child's need, 191, 195; reci­procity with child, 196; duties, 200; commitment to children, 201; perspective excluded, 203; preferences in child care, 20~; objectives of role, 208; relationship with child , 215; love for child, 216; influences on child's moral behavior, 27~; responsibility, 323; limited au­thority in choices, 323-32~; authority in medical decisions, 325; medical decision makers, 333-33~

Parthenogenesis, ~~ Paternalism: 151; and denial of

children's rights, 155-156, 158; and child's maturation, 169

375

Patient as Person, The, 338 Patriarchy: feminist analyses

of, 15; 29; and derogation of women, 103; and maternal be­havior, 11~; difficulty chang­ing, 127-128. See also, Locke, J.

Phenomenology: society as hu-man process, 13-1 ~

PKU: infant's rights, 365 Plato: and family life, 3 Play: definition, 236, 2~7; en­

joyment of, 238; rules and reg­ulations, 239; silliness, 2~0; gestures, 2~0; begins with grasp, 2~0; link to toys, 2~ 1; denial of time, 2~2; concept of, 2~7; distinguished from non-play, 2~8

Plaything: differentiated from toy, 2~8

Political life: family roles in, ~; and understanding of the fami­ly, 7; conceptual links to fami­ly, 17

Political theory: familial power and, 7

Popper, K.: family authority, 8, 3~; family structure, 33

Power: in family, 31, 33, ~1; consequences, 32; monarchical model, 3~; historical context of familial, ~ 1; lack of, 102; maternal, 102-10~; Freudian views of maternal, 102; femi­nist views of maternal, 102; lack of maternal, 112-11~

Prematurity: maternal care and uniqueness of human, 92-93

Pretend: rhetorical under-standing, 239

Primary goods: theory of, 3~7 Privilege: definition, 135, 177;

children'S lack of, 177-178 Protagorus: teaching of virtue,

253; view of moral education, 25~

Proxy consent: medical ethics, 335; children in research, 3~6

376

Psychoanalysis: personal con-flicts, 226-227

Rawls, J.: Theory of Justice, 189; children's need, 189-190

Rights: parental authority and patriarchal, 7-8; to procreate, 44-45, 46, 51-53; homosexual, 44, 46, 51-53; male, 44; defini­tion, 134, 160; definition of liberty, 134, 177; definition of claim, 134; definition of nega­tive, 134; definition of posi­tive, 134; definition of active, 134; passive, 134-135; per­formance interpretation, 134; non-interference interpreta­tion, 134; definition of in per­sonam, 134; definition of in rem, 134; distinctions based on holder of, 136; to intimacy, 142, 143, 202; to family auton­omy 142, 143, 202; to inte­gration, 143-145, 225; bor­rowed capacities and liberty, 152-153, 157-158; distinguish negative and positive, 160-161; distinguish liberty and claim, 166; extension of adults' to children, 166; chil­dren and liberty, 166; distin­guish children's and adults', 167; and avoidable harms, 168; to privacy, 202; to responsi­bility, 202; parental, 204, 205, 210; intimacy and parental, 205; to freedom in relation­ships, 208; non-exercise, 319, 357; exercise, 319, 357; claim distinguished from, 334-340; powers distinguished from, 340; distinction between ac­tive and passive, 356

--children's: 46, 54, 162-164, 165, 168, 200, 201, 210, 215, 219; controversy over, 133, 137; paternalism and, 135-136, 137, 138; equal, 137-138, 150, 161, 162; parental liberty and, 140-143, passim; children's ca-

SUBJECT INDEX

pacities and, 151-152; agent capacities and, 154, 163; de­nial of, 151, 154-156; non­maleficence and, 162; dis­tinguish adults' and, 166, 168; to become adult, 168-169; and parental virtues, 170; liberty, 175; claim, 175, 178; depend­ence and, 179-180; and right of forbearance, 179, 181; to open future, 357; to capacity of autonomy, 362

--infants: 317, 332, 361; spe­cial, 340, 358-359

Romantic tradition: identity of child, 219-221, 225

Rousseau, J. J.: on family life, 3; political theory, 6; family theory based on contractual relation, 6; social contract theory, 17; family as contract, 21; nurture from desire, 184-185

Russell, B.: power, 31; theory of moral development, 258; ideal character, 284; vitality, 284; courage, 284; sensitiveness, 284; intelligence, 284; concept of habit, 285-287, 291; Beacon Hill School, 287; distinguished from existentialists, 287-288; distinguished from values clar­ification, 288-289; distin­guished from Kohlberg's the­ory, 289-290; moral educator, 290-291

Schools: interrelations with family and social class, 12; and family life, 57; free, 58; feudalism and, 58; mass, 58-59; primary and social class, 61; socialization in, 62, 63-64; class bias in, 64-65

Self-constitution: internali-zation, 223; basic cultural i­deals, 223; school culture, 223

Selfishness, selfless: of parents, 232-233

Sexual: freedom, 43; relations,

SUBJECT INDEX

43; relations among teenagers, 43

Single-parent families: social factors and, 10

Socialist: view and moral im­maturity, 300

Socialization: theories of posi­tive, 226; children's role in theory of, 274; moral educa­tion and, 297; in unjust soci­ety, 298; main agents of, 300-301; in capitalist America, 309

Social order: pluralistic, 224 Sociobiology: and social views,

74, 77; perspective of, 83-84; view of ability to learn, 86-87

Socrates: teaching of virtue, 253

Systems theory: of the family, 8, 9, 34, 35, 36

Tay-Sachs Disease: case history, 336; 356

Testicular feminizing syndrome: and ability to learn, 87

Theistic: view of family, 36 Toys: normative value, 145; ed­

ucational, 145-146; criteria for, 146; child's right, 146; purposes of, 237; essence of play, 237; perceptual nature of, 238; linked to play, 241; with specialized function, 241-242; introduction of detail, 242; schema of rhetoric, 241, 242; educational, 243; rhythm of, 243; hyperbole, 243; as ar­tifact, 248; stimulates play, 248

Turner's Syndrome: case history, 337-338; 356

Utilitarian theory: contrary to Aristotelian thought, 7; of child care, 187

Values: clarification, 288-289, 293-294; clarity as, 288, 293

Virtue: teaching of, 253; indoc­trination of moral, 253; is knowledge, 255

377