Autism Spectrum Disorder

Sangi M. Susuico

ED 443

November 4, 2008

Objectives:

DefinitionHistoryPrevalenceCauses and CharacteristicsEducational AdaptationsTransition

According to IDEA:

A developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and non-verbal communication and social interaction usually evident before age 3 that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.

Included in this group

Pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified (PDDNOS)

Rett Syndrome

Childhood disintegrative disorder

Continued…..

Asperger’s Syndrome– Hans Asperger

Poem– RAGE By David, Age 10

Characteristics/Behaviors:

Lack of or delay in spoken languageRepetitive use of language or motor

mannerismsLittle to no eye contactLack interest in peer relationshipsLack spontaneous or make believe playFixation with certain objects

Special Characteristics

Theory of Mind– Sally and Anne Test

Hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli– Environmental noises– Touch

History of Autism

Leo Kanner, 1943 Michael Rutter

– Basic Characteristics

1. Failure to develop social relationships

2. Language delays with impaired comprehension

3. Ritualistic or compulsive behaviors

Causes

Genetic defectsEnvironment Medical problems

Other risks

Prevalence

1.5 Million Americans

CHAT Baron-Cohen– Protodeclarative Pointing– Gaze Motoring – Pretend Play

Treatments

Therapy and behavioral interventions

Medication– Antidepressants– Anti-psychotic – Anti-convulsant

Adaptations:

CurriculumFunctional Behavioral Analysis (FBA)Programs for Early Childhood

– AAC – AT

Helpful Programs

LOVAASTEACCHLEAPPivotal Response ModelWalden EC Program

Common threads among programs :

1. Curriculum Content

2. Highly supported and structured settings

3. Predictability and routine

4. Functional approach to behaviors

5. Transition

Adapting Teaching Strategies

Structure and routines– Ecological variations– Collateral skills interventions– Child specific interventions– Peer mediated intervention procedure

Common Methods

Integrated Play GroupSocial StoriesSensory IntegrationAdaptive P.E.

Adapting Technology

Transition, Family & Lifespan

Need follow upsEmploymentParent RoleSPED LawsThe courts

Latest Research:

National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke (NINDS)

Autism coordinating committee– Experiments

The Face of Autism

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G7kHSOgauhg

Summary

References:

Kirk, Samuel A., et al. Educating Exceptional Children. 11th Ed. Houghton Mifflin. New York, 2006.

National Institute of Neurological Disordershttp://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/autism/detail_autism.htm Autism Society of Americahttp://www.autismsociety.org/site/PageServer?pagename=about_home Ezine Articleshttp://ezinearticles.com/?Good-Activities-For-Children-

With-Autism&id=1314017

References continued

Google http://images.google.com Mesibov, Gary., et al. Autism Understanding

the Disorder. Plenum Press, New York, 1997. Ghezzi, Patrick. Et al. Autism: Behavior

Analytic Perspectives. Context Press, Reno Nevada, 1999.

Koegel, Robert. Teaching Children with Autism. Paul Brookes Publishing, 1995.