Automatic speed controller in real time vehicles.

AUTOMATIC SPEED

GOVERNINGGroup members- Binil George Gokul K G Jinto George Jithin George

Internal Guide- Asso.prof Sreeraj K P Mangalam college of engineering ECE dept

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Contents Objective Relevance of the project Introduction Block diagram level of explanation Flow chart/ algorithm Circuit diagram Hardware used Software used PCB layout & Implementation Key issues Results of the work Advantages & Applications Future scope Conclusion References09/02/2015 AUTOMATIC SPEED GOVERNING

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OBJECTIVES Automatic Speed Governing automatically

controls the speed of the vehicles at school and hospital zone etc.

To avoid accident of vehicles at speed limit zones.

To help the passengers to cross the road safely without facing any danger from high speed vehicles.

This project can be used to avoid the rash driving of the drivers.09/02/2015 AUTOMATIC SPEED GOVERNING

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RELEVANCE OF THE PROJECT

By using this system we can effectively controls the speed of the vehicle in different zones.

We can reduce the accidents and thus we can save many lives and valuable properties.

We can controls the rash driving of the drivers.

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INTRODUCTION Every year, we find more and more road accidents due to

increased traffic on the roads. Nowadays people are driving very fast; accidents are

occurring frequently, we lost our valuable life by making small mistake while driving (school zone, hills area, and highways).

So this system can be used to avoid such kind of accidents and to alert the drivers and to control their vehicle speed.

The project is composed of two separate units: zone transmitter unit and receiver unit.

Once the information is received from the zones, the vehicle’s embedded unit automatically reduce the speed according to the zone.


AUTOMATIC SPEED GOVERNING 6

BLOCK DIAGRAM LEVEL OF

EXPLANATION TRANSMITTER

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RECEIVER


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The speed of vehicles is controlled by the RF

communication method. Transmitter in speed restriction zones. RF receiver in the vehicle. When a vehicle enters this zone, then these

transmitters will send continuous coded signal to those vehicle.

The receiver in vehicle will receive those signals and then micro controller.

Microcontroller controls the airflow to the carburetor using a stepper motor and speed is reduced.



FLOW CHART

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM Transmitter


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Receiver


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HARDWARE USED1. Atmel micro controller

AT89C51 is the 40 pins, 8 bit Microcontroller manufactured by Atmel group.

The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller.

It has 4kb on chip ROM and 128 bytes internal RAM and 32 I/O pin as arranged as port 0 to port 3 each.

All four ports in the AT89C51 are bidirectional.



The operating voltage of AT89C51 is 5v. Its operating frequency is 0 Hz to 24 MHZ.


2. ZigBee

ZigBee is a low-cost, low-power, wireless network. Due its low power consumption limits

transmission distances to 10–100 meters line-of-sight.

ZigBee chips are typically integrated with microcontrollers that have between 60-256 KB flash memory.

ZigBee is used for short-range low-rate wireless data transfer.

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ZigBee has a defined rate of 250 kbit/s, best suited for the data transmissions from a sensor or input device.

ZigBee is simpler and less expensive than other wireless networks.

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3. LCD DISPLAY

16x2 LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) electronic display module is used here as display device.

A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines.

This LCD has two registers , namely , Command and Data registers.

Economical, easily programmable, have no limitation of displaying special &even custom characters.

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LCDs are used in a wide range of applications including computer monitors, televisions.

The LCD screen is more energy efficient than others.


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4. PIC MICROCONTROLLER

PIC 16F877 is one of the most advanced microcontroller from Microchip.

PIC stands for Peripheral Interface Controller.16 stands for mid range series and F stands for flash memory.

High performance RISC CPU. Low power- high speed CMOS flash/EEPROM. PIC16F877 has 5 basic input/output ports-Port

A,B,C,D,E 3 timers,2 CCP modules and 10bit, up to 8 channel

A/D converter is used in it.09/02/2015 AUTOMATIC SPEED GOVERNING

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Easy to use ,because only 35 single word instructions to learn.

Maximum operating frequency is 20MHz. Wide operating voltage range (2.0 – 5.56)volts.



5. STEPPER MOTOR A stepper motor is an electromechanical device which

converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical movements.

Stepper motors work on the principle of electromagnetism.

Stepper motor is similar to an actuator, which is the movable part.

The speed of the motor shafts rotation is directly related to

the frequency of the input pulses. The length of rotation is directly related to the number of

input pulses applied.09/02/2015

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Stepper motor performance is strongly dependent on the driver circuit.

The operating voltage range is 12 volts.


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6. POWER SUPPLY

To provide power to the entire system. 12v power supply is used for stepper motor. 5v power supply is used for microcontroller and

other devices.


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SOFTWARE USED1. PICC COMPILER

provides a complete integrated tool suite for developing and debugging embedded applications running on Microchip.

contain Standard C operators and Built-in Function libraries that are specific to PIC.

It providing developers with a powerful tool for accessing device hardware features from the C language level.


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2. PIC SIMULATOR IDE

PIC Simulator IDE is a powerful application that supplies user-friendly graphical development environment.

It contains basic compiler, assembler, disassembler and debugger.

PIC Simulator IDE currently supports the microcontrollers from the Microchip of 12F and 16F family.


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3. Orcad

It is a PCB design tool. It provide easy access to company component

databases and part information, so designers can reduce the amount of time they spent.

Provides access to all components and offering greater flexibility when choosing design components.

It boosts schematic editing efficiency of complex designs through hierarchical and variant design capabilities.



KEY ISSUES The range of the ZigBee transmitter is less which

is 10m. This project consists of mechanical section, which

is difficult to implement It is difficult to control the airflow to the

carburetor of the vehicle. The modifications given for the conventional

carburetor or fuel injection systems are quite difficult.

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RESULTS OF THE WORK

The speed of the vehicle decreases automatically when it reaches to the ZigBee range.

We can control the over speed and rash driving of the drivers.

We can reduce the accidents and thus we can save many lives and valuable properties.


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ADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS

The cost of the system will be very less compared with its application.

To help the passengers to cross the road safely without facing any danger from high speed vehicles.

This system helps to avoiding the rash driving of the drivers.

The vehicle will move only with the designed speeds corresponding to the zones


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FUTURE SCOPE We can modify the system with the help of GPS to

identify the zones. We can also modify the system with efficient

braking system in association with air flow control to the carburetor.

This system can be more effectively used for any kind of automobiles such as lorries, buses, cars, bikes etc.


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CONCLUSION By using this system we can effectively control

the speed of the vehicle according to different zones.

This system can be implemented in any kind of vehicles.

By using this system we can control the over speed and the rash driving of the drivers.

We can use this system in highly populated regions and thus we can decrease the effects of accidents.


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REFERENCES Telaprolu,m.k,sarma,V.V.;.;ratankanth,E.K.;Rao,S.

N.;Banda,v.,vehicular Electronics and safety (ICVES), IEEE international conference pune (2009).

Gangadhar, S.; R N shetty Inst. Of Technol, An intelligent road traffic control system, IEEE conference publication kahargpur (2010)


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THANK YOU09/02/2015 AUTOMATIC SPEED GOVERNING

Date post:	23-Jan-2017
Category:	Engineering
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Automatic speed controller in real time vehicles.

Engineering