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What is Automation ?
the act of implementing the control of equipment withadvanced technology; usually involving electronic
Hardware. "automation replaces humanworkers by machines"
Increasing Productivity
Increasing QualityReducing Cost
Increasing Safety in working conditions
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Why SCADA?
Previously without SCADA software, an industrialprocess was entirely controlled by PLC, CNC & PIDhaving programmed in certain codes.
These codes were either written in assembly language orrelay logic without any true animation of process running.
It is always easy to understand the status of the process if
it is shown with some animations rather then writtencodes.
Hence SCADA software came to existence and withsome exclusive features it became internal part of
automation system. 4
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Features of typical SCADA software
Dynamic process graphic
Real-time and Historical trending
Alarms
Recipe Management
Security
Device connectivity
Script for logic development
Database connectivity
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Dynamic Process Graphics
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Real-time & Historical Trends
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Alarms Every plant needs proper monitoring and control of
the process parameters. Alarms represent warnings of process conditions that
could cause problems, and require an operatorresponse
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Recipe Management
The recipe management is facility used for maintainvarious recipes of different products and implement iton the process.
The recipe can be stored in a single server and it canbe fetched by any client server from any area to runthe process.
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Security
Every SCADA software has various levels of securityfor securing the application by avoiding unauthorizedaccess.
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Creating An Application
InTouch
Steps in creating an application
includes:
Create an application
Create the window in which
application will run
Creating graphics images of different
parts of our process
Breathing life into graphics
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Creating An Application
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Creating A New Window
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Creating Graphic Objects
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Breathing Life To Graphics
en ra ey : sv ew
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en ra ey : sv ewSiemens : WinCC
GE Fanuc : Cimplicity
KPIT : ASTRA
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PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC
CONTROLLER
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A l len B radley : Micrologix
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The PLC is programmed interface between the field I/p
element like limit switches, sensors, push button and thefinal control elements like control valves, hooters etc.
PLC consist ofPower Supply
Input Module
CPU with Processor and Program memory
Output module
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CPU
External Power
Supply
I/O Modules
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I nput Module Placed in the field
Automation : Advanced Technology
F ield Bus Scanners
F ield Cabling
Control PanelControl Hardware
SCADA Software
Communication Cable
F ield Bus Network
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Advantages of PLCs
Reduced spaceEnergy saving
Ease of maintenanceEconomicalGreater life & reliabilityShorter project time
Easier storage, archiving and documentation
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CPU memory divided in two parts:-
Data Files
Program Files
Data files:-
System 0 -Manufacturer programSystem 1 -Reserve fileLadder 2 -Main user file
-ladder 3 to 255 forsubroutine program
AB PLC CPU Memory Organisat ion
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Program files:-0 -Output - O -- o/p status1 -Input - I -- i/p status
2 -Status - S2 -- CPU data3 -Binary - B3 -- Flag(memory bit)4 -Timer - T4 -- Timer status5 -Counter - C5 -- Counter status
6 -Control - R6 -- Specific data7 -Integer - N7 -- whole no. data8 -Float - F8 -- Decimal no.data
9 to 255 used to create new Program Files
AB PLC CPU Memory Organisat ion
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: . /
I : 1 . 0 / 0 (0 to 15)I : 1 . 1 / 0 ,,O : 2 . 0 / 0 ,,O : 2 . 0 / 0 ,,
FILE
LETTERSLOT
NO
WORD
NO
BIT
NO
AB PLC Add ress ing I/O
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: /
B3 : 0 / 0 (0 to 15)B3 : 1 / 0 ,,. . .. . .
. . .B3 : 15 / 15
FileLetter
FileNumber
WordNumber
BITNumber
Add ressing B INARY (Flag )
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TIMER :- T4:0 . T4:255(as per PLC)COUNTER :- C5:0. C5:255CONTROL :- R6:0. R6:255INTEGER :- N7:0 N7:255FLOAT :- F8:0. F8:255
Address ing of Programm ing
Instruct ions
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IF input 4OR input 5have power
THEN energize output 0
| |I/4
| |I/5
( )O/0
Logical Continuity
F
T
On
| |
I/4
| |I/5
( )
O/0
Logical Continuity
T
F
On
Logical OR Construct ion
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IF input 4AND input 5have power
THEN energize output 0
| |I/4
| |I/5
( )O/0
Logical Continuity
T T T
On
Logical AND Construct ion
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PLC Signal Flow
Programming Terminal
O:0/7
O:0/7
O:1/5
Output Devices
Output ModulesProcessor MemoryInput Module
Input Devices
Ladder Program
O:0/7
O:1/5
I:0/6
I:1/4
O:1/5
I:0/6
I:1/4
I:0/6
I:1/4
DataInput
Image Table
Output
Image Table
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Types Of Timers
three types of timer is available :
1. TON
2. TOF
3. RTO
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Types Of Counters
two types of counter is available:
1.CTU
2.CTD
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Input Scan
Program Scan
OutputScan
START
During program scan, data in
input table is applied to user
prog ., prog . is executed and
o/p is updated accordingly.
Input terminals are read
and input status table is
updated accordingly.
Data associated withoutput status table is
transferred to o/p
terminals.
Plc Scan Cycle
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Scan Time
1. The completion of one cycle of the sequence is called-
SCAN CYCLE.
2. Time required for one cycle is called SCAN TIME.
3. There is inversely proportional relation between scan
time and efficiency.
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Sinking and Sourcing
SINKING
SOURCING
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COADING OF PROGRAM
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COADING OF PROGRAM
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Communication B/w rslogix and scada
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Communication B/w rslogix and scada
software.
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1.Automation and its usefullness and advantagesin industry to make process error free and
accurate.
2.Scada helps us for supervising the industry.
3.Learn how scada can control the whole process
of industry.
4.Get the knowledge of plc and its programming.
5.Learn the process of communicating between29
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TH NK YOU