Automobile Pollution

By: Sheeri Khokhar

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Facts

45% of organic gases 90% of all carbon monoxide Over 1/3 of nitrogen oxide Over 1/4 of hydrocarbons Sulfur dioxide

Due to Increasing number of drivers and cars driven individually Culture- Sweet 16 Suburbs Larger cars- Vehicles have

noticeably consumed more fuel in 2003 than in 1988

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

The Vehicle Combustion engines Ethanol made from corn- still

releases carbon dioxide Smoke caused by engine oil being

burned and coolant vaporization

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Danger Fine particles in the air causing smog Hydrocarbons react to sunlight Nitrogen oxide weakens bodies

immune system Carbon monoxide- blocks respiration Greenhouse gases- carbon dioxide Acid rain

http://www.jstor.org/pss/3702257

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

The U.S. Takes Action The first federal Clean Air Act was

passed in the 1970’s Updated in 1990- “acceptable”

emission And yet:

Over half of the U.S. population lives in areas that do not meet federal air quality standards and ~80 million Americans live in areas that continually fail to meet these standards.

Is the Prius Really Environmental Friendly?

How is the Prius Green? Starts engine when above 5mph Stops engine when car is at a stop Light weight/ compact

The Production Nickel battery Shipping

Fact or Fiction?

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Toyota Prius vs. Porsche

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

To Fix the Problem Now The government should take action! Obama: By 2020 vehicles (cars and

trucks) must meet the standard of 35 miles-per-gallon, which is a 40% increase

Other Ideas: Gasoline taxes on consumers. Public transportation

References Automobiles: Pollution and Energy Use. Michael Bluejay’s BicycleUniverse.info.

(1999). http://bicycleuniverse.info/cars/pollutionpaper.html Cars, Air Pollution and Health. Air and Breathing.

http://www.nutramed.com/environment/cars.htm Cars, Trucks, and Air Pollution. Union of Concerned Scientist. (2009).

http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/vehicle_impacts/cars_pickups_a nd_suvs/cars-trucks-air-pollution.html

Innes, Robert. Regulating Automobile Pollution under Certainty, Competition, and Imperfect information. Journal of Environmental Economies and Management. (31), 219-239. (1996).

Joselow, M.M., Tobias, E., Koehler, R., Coleman, S., Bogden, J., & Gause, D. Manganese Pollution in the City Environment and It’s Relationship to Traffic Density.

Obama moves to let states cap car emissions. Msnbc.com. (2009) http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/28846202/

The Prius Bad For the Environment? HubPages. (2009). http://hubpages.com/hub/Prius

911 Carrera S Technical Specs. Porsche. http://www.porsche.com/usa/models/911/911-carrera- s/featuresandspecs/?gtabindex=7