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Autonomous RobotsCool stuff at the intersection of AI and Robotics
Dylan A. Shell
19th April 2011, CSCE 181
“Autonomous”
“Robot”
“Programmable”
Autonomous robot in practice?
Trends: Actuator Systems, Materials and Fabrication
Physical assistance of humans by robotsExample: Carrying humans.
Power suits, prosthetics, wearable robotsHigh-power actuators to complement and enhance.
Micro mobile sensor nodesApplications: Security, pervasivenessChallenges: Fabrication of nano- and micro-scale robots
Domestic robotics: domestic and assistant robotsChallenge: low-cost, low-inertia.
Trends: Energy and Power
HarvestingIdea: Constraints on storage can be relaxed once you can
actively acquire energy
EfficiencyHow can we use less energy for the task?
MiniaturizationChallenge: one size does not fit all robots!
Trends: Human-Robot Interfaces
Learning from DemonstrationIdea: Robots don't need an expert programmer, but learn
from observation and mimicryExample: Industrial and logistics robots learn task from
experience.
AdaptationHow to improve task execution automatically?
Group interfacesExample: coordinated deployment of search and rescue
vehicles. How does the team of humans interact with the team of responders?
Trends: Planning and Control
Novel environmentsHow to move to different environments without
reprogramming?
Task variation and dynamicsProblem: Brittle to changes in task.
Logistics problemsExample: move goods through a network from producers
to consumers, given production, delivery and time constraints
SpeedHow do we improve response times?How do we control fast-moving vehicles?
Trends: Perception and Learning
New sensorsHow do we go from a task-description to the sensors
required?What are the fundamental physical phenomena that should
be exploited?
Sensing doesn't solve the whole perception problemQuestions: Representation, scaling, integration with
planning
What to learn?How do we improve response times?How do we control fast-moving vehicles?
Credits
Richard Vaughan's of SFU's CMPT889 Autonomous Robots Notes, Summer 2004. Oxymoron and definitions verbatim from his notes.
A roadmap for US robotics – From Internet to Robotics. (The CCC report)