Ayurvedic Herbs · Main Uses: The Ayurvedic traditional use is as milk decoction or wine...

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Ayurvedic Herbology - Part III!

!!

Ayurvedic Herbs

!WITH!!

SONIA MASOCCO!!!

1(C) Sonia Masocco, 2016! All rights reserved.SAI Herbology Weekend

Lugano, 12th-13th March 2016

Ayurvedic Herbology - Part III!

!!

Ayurvedic Herbs

!WITH!!

SONIA MASOCCO!!!


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!Amalaki

Embelica officinalis (Combretaceae/Euporbiaceae) !VPK= !!

Energetics: Taste Sweet, Sour, Pungent, Bitter, Astringent Potency Cooling Post Digestive Sweet !Habitat and Cultivation: All over India !Part Used: Fruit, complete plant !Main Consitutuents: Polyphenols, Organic acids, Cytokinins, Fatty Acids. Fresh amalaki provides anti-oxidants, iron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin, ascorbic acid, pectin and tannins. Polyphenolic constituents are present in the leaves !Main Actions: Hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, immunomodulator, protective of myocardial necrosis, anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic. Studies show activity against acute necrotising pancreatitis. Main Uses: It is said to diminish excess heat in the body, is semen promoting and a general tonic. It is also known as an adjuvant and protects against disease. It calms all bodily humors and in particular reduces burning sensations associated with pitta. It strengthens the nervous system, bone marrow and the sense organs and is also considered aphrodisiac. It makes a good conditioner for the hair retarding greying and baldness.


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In Ayurveda it is considered the best medicine for retarding and preventing aging. Used also to relieve constipation and ease urinary problems For the digestive tract it not only diminishes lack of taste, lack of appetite but also reduces the symptoms and heals hyper-acidity, peptic disorders, alleviates vomiting, eructation and liver disorders. Diet supplementation with extract of Embelica officinalis is known to reduce cytotoxic effects. It also possesses an anti-metastatic activity against melanoma cells. The anti carcinogenic activity of amalaki is mediated by its anti-oxidant properties. !Toxicity: None !Contraindications and Cautions Night use can cause weakness to weak teeth. Small dosage causes constipation while large dose is laxative. !Pharmacy and Dosage: 3-6 grams !!Planetary ruler: Mercury !Tissue Affinity: Blood, Fat, Muscle, Digestive Tract, Male Reproductive, !Herb Strength: Medium to Strong !! !


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!

! ! Bhumy Amalaki

Phyllanthus niruri or urinaria (Combretaceae/Euphorbiaceae)!!!V "P "K!!!

Energetics: Taste Bitter, Astringent, Sweet Potency Cooling Post Digestive Pungent !!!Habitat and Cultivation: Widespread tropical plant living in coastal areas including India and other south-east Asian countries as well as South America where it is known as chanca piedra or quebra piedra. !Part Used: Entire plant !Key Constituents: Lignans, flavonoids, phenols, polyphenols and tannins triterpenes, alkaloids !Main Actions: Anti hepatotoxic, antimicrobial, antimalarial, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, diuretic, hypotensive !Main Uses: The plant is used to treat all kinds of jaundice as a single remedy and is a liver protectant and cholagogue. Works well in dissolving gallstones. It is also used for diabetes, diarrhea, inflammation, fever and frequent menstruation. In urogenital conditions it is used for gonorrhea, difficulty in urination and is considered the ‘stone breaker’ for the kidneys. It is used often as a substitute to triphala or as a regenerator when the liver energy is low or liver and spleen are enlarged. !Contraindications and Cautions: GRAS !Pharmacy and Dosage: Powder 3-6 grams daily


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As a tea, use 1 Tbs per cup of water. !Planetary ruler: Mercury !Tissue Affinity: Liver, Gallbladder, Kidneys !Herb Strength: Mild !!


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! !Ashwagandha

Withania somnifera (Solanaceae)!!"V!P"K !!

Energetics: Taste Bitter, Astringent Potency Heating Post Digestive Sweet !Habitat and Cultivation: India, Mediterranean and Middle East !Part Used: Root !Key Constituents: Steroid lactones, phytosterols, alkaloids, iron !Main Actions: Adaptogen, aphrodisiac, anti-hypotensive, memory enhancer, anti-tumor, abortifacient, immunomodulator, hepatoprotective, nervine, diuretic, hypnotic, sedative. !Main Uses: Ingested with milk or in ghee preparation as an aphrodisiac and tonic, it is used to combat debility from old age, Alzheimer’s, overwork, stress and nervous exhaustion. Ashwagandha nurtures and clarifies the mind, calms and strengthens the nerves, promotes sound and restful sleep. Rejuvenating marrow, muscle and male reproductive system, it is used with milk with ghee and sugar as a male aphrodisiac. Furthermore it is used for consumption, paralysis, infertility, emaciation, MS and other chronic connective tissue disorders. Excellent to use as external oil or internally as powder when recovering from muscle weakness due to immobility or cast. Only in small amounts can it be used in weak pregnant woman as it can cause


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abortion. Considered an adjuvant to reduce drug dependency. !Contraindications and Cautions May increase the action of barbiturates. Not to be used during pregnancy unless guided by a qualified physician !Pharmacy and Dosage: 3-6 grams. (daily dose) Whole herb capsules are available Standardized extract at 1 % total alkaloids , 1.5% withanolides are available Traditionally 1/2 to 1 tsp of powder is added to milk or ghee !Planetary ruler: Mars !Tissue Affinity: General strength, Muscle, Nerve, Male Reproductive !Herb Strength: Strong !


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! !Ashoka

Saraca indica (Leguminoseae)!! ! ! ! !

VPK = (will increase V in excess)!!!Energetics: Taste Astringent, Bitter Potency Cooling Post Digestive Pungent Special Feature A friend of women !Habitat and Cultivation: Central and Southern India, Burma and tropical areas world wide. !Part Used: Bark !Key Constituents: Haematoxylin, tannin, catechin, ferrous compounds !Main Actions: Nervine, anthelmintic, hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, antifungal, diuretic, analgesic, uterine tonic. !Main Uses: The Ayurvedic traditional use is as milk decoction or wine preparation to strengthen the muscles of the uterus and reduce uterine discharges. It is useful in menorrhagia, leukorrhea, fungal and yeast infections due to its astringent quality. Its analgesic qualities are useful during spasmodic dysmenorrhea. It decreases uterine fibroids when used in combination with other herbs of similar action and is considered a general tonic which protects the fetus from miscarriage during pregnancy. Ashoka also has a tranquilizing effect on the nerves. Because of the astringent taste and pungent post-digestive effect it is useful in diarrhea, and dysentery. Used also for diseases of the blood as it is a blood purifier and as preventative of uric acid accumulation. !Contraindications and Cautions GRAS !


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Pharmacy and Dosage: 10-20 mg bark decoction in milk (daily dose) whole herb capsules are available Ayurvedic traditional wine preparation called Ashokaristha is taken usually 4 Tbs with equal amount of water before main meals !Planetary ruler: Mars !Tissue Affinity: Blood, Female Reproductive, Fat !Herb Strength: Strong !!


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! !

! ! Arjuna

Terminalia Arjuna (Combretacea) !!V "P " K!!!

Energetics: Taste Astringent Potency Cooling Post Digestive Pungent Special feature Tonic to the Heart !!Habitat and Cultivation: Feet of the Himalaya, Bengal, Bihar,

Madhya Pradesh, Brahma Pradesh (India) and Sri Lanka !

Part Used: Bark !Key Constituents: Bark contains calcium carbonate 34%, other calcium salts 9% and tannins 16%. Also contains aluminum, magnesium, organic acid, pigments and sugar !Main Actions: Cardiac tonic, astringent, hemostatic, vulnerary, hypo-lipidemic, cardiac stimulant !Main Uses: Externally a paste made from bark powder can be applied locally on wounds, ulcers and to promote union of fractures. Main current use is by means of a decoction in milk, alcoholic preparation or pill to give strength to the cardiac muscles and improve cardiac function and rhythm. It reduces edema, increases coronary vasodilation. Astringent and hypolipedimic it reduces fat tissue. Internally it controls bleeding in dysentery and hemorrhoids. Also used to prevent premature


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ejaculation, reduce urinary output, relieve burning and bleeding. !Contraindications and Cautions GRAS (generally regarded as safe) !Pharmacy and Dosage: 1-3 mg (daily dose) decoction in milk available in whole herb capsules available in standardized extract (0.5% arjunolic acid) for external use make a paste with warm water and apply over a gauze !Planetary ruler: Mars Tissue Affinity: Blood, Heart !Herb Strength: Strong !!


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! ! Bacopa

Bacopa monnieri/ Herpestis moniera (Scrophulariaceae)!!"V!P"K!!!

Energetics: Taste Astringent, Bitter, Sweet Potency Cooling Post Digestive Pungent Special Feature Remover of Epilepsy and Mania !Habitat and Cultivation: India, Brazil, Hawaii, tropical climates and S.Asia !Part Used: Whole plant !Key Constituents: Saponins and triterpenes, alkaloids, flavonoids, baccosides !Main Actions: Effect on cognitive function and learning. Anti- oxidant, analgesic, increase speed of visual information processing, learning and memory !Main Uses: Traditionally used as tea, juice or alcoholic fermented preparation to promote intellect and as potent nervine and cardio-tonic. It helps in depression and mental retardation, by enhancing intelligence. It has a positive effect on asthma, hoarseness of voice and various types of insanity. Decreases symptoms of morphine withdrawal and also reduces passive avoidance. !Toxicity: GRAS !Contraindications and Cautions The plant is safe and adverse reactions are rare. !


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Pharmacy and Dosage: leaf juice 2 teaspoons powder .125 to 1.0 gm mixed with ghee whole leaf capsules available standardized capsules at 45% baccosides !!Planetary ruler: Mercury !Tissue Affinity: Nerve, Mind !Herb Strength: Strong ! !


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!

! Gotu Kola

Centella asiatica (Mackinlayaceae)!!VPK = !!

Energetics: Taste Bitter, Astringent, Sweet Potency Cooling Post Digestive Sweet Special Feature Memory enhancer and rejuvenator !!Habitat and Cultivation: SE Asia, India, Sri Lanka, Southern US, subtropical parts of Australia, Southern Africa and South America !Part Used: Whole plant !Main Constituents: Triterpenols, essential oils, sesquiterpenoids, amino acids, alkaloids, sugar, gum, salt, resin. Main Actions: Nerve tonic, anti-rheumatic, mild diuretic, sedative,

peripheral vasodilator. !Main Uses: Juice of fresh leaves or whole plant powder (dried in the

shade) stimulates the heart and tones the nerves. As it stimulates intellect and language faculty, it us used in cases of mental and behavioral retardation as well as for cases of insanity, epilepsy and mental weakness. It promotes awareness, intelligence and clarity of perception. Gotu kola also increases the secretion of serotonin and is used for mild non-medicated depression and also to alleviate irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

As a rejuvenator it improves the activity and function of each organ, gives strength and is used in general debility.

Externally gotu kola is used to alleviate skin diseases, relieve acne and reduce scarring.


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!!Contraindications and Cautions: Excess dose gives rise to lightheadedness and

can cause headache, giddiness and skin sensitivity. In such conditions, the dose should be lowered or totally withdrawn. !

Pharmacy and Dosages: Powder 3- 5 grams per day Tincture 15-30 drops three times a day Standardizes extract at 10% asiaticosides 100mg/day !Planetary ruler: Jupiter !Tissue Affinity: Nerves !Herb Strength: Medium to Strong


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!!!!!!!!!!Botanical Name Eclipta Alba !Common Name Bhringaraj VPK= ⇑P in excess !!

Guna Light & Dry Rasa Bitter, Pungent Virya Heating Vipaka Pungent Prabhava !

Family Asteraceae/Composhitae !Habitat, Ecology & Distribution: All over India !Part Used complete plant !Constituents Triperpene gycosides & saponins. Flavonoids & isoflavinoids !Medical Research Dabur Research Foundation !Herbal Action Antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypotensive !Indications Taken internally it purges the liver of bile and is trusted as a remedy for hepatitis. Prevents aging and helps rejuvinate bone, teeth and hair. It improves memory and sight and sharpens the intellect. It has been used to aid parturition and for giddiness. The paste of the leaves is an excellent remedy for scorpion sting. The medicated oil will keep hair healthy and prevent graying. Used externally as well as internally for alopecia. !!Contraindications & Cautions None known !Pharmacy & Dosage 3-6 gm !


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!!!!!!!!Botanical Name Terminalia Belerica !Common Name Bibhitaki ⇑V⇓P⇓K !

Guna Light & Dry Rasa Astringent, Bitter, Pungent Virya Heating Vipaka Sweet Prabhava !

Family Combretaceae !Habitat, Ecology & Distribution: India, Burma, Sri Lanka !Part Used Fruit !Constituents Triterpenoids, Polyphenols, Fixed Oils !Medical Research Dabur Research Foundation !Herbal Action Antioxidant, hypolipidaemic, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, antiobesity, antinflammatory, hemostatic !Indications It is called ‘bibhitaka’ as the diseases fear it. It mainly pacifies kapha and is useful in respiratory disorders such as cough, bronchial asthma, etc. Hepatoprotective and antidiarrheal. It is reputed to improve the immunity and bodily resistance to infectious diseases hence its use for the coughs, sore throat, eye & skin disorders as conjunctivitis and leprosy. Useful for internal bleeding as it is a hemostatic. !Other In early times its seeds were used as dice in gambling, however it is said that gambling under this tree resulted in querrel. !!Pharmacy & Dosage 1-3 gm for laxative effects 0.75-1.5 for tonification !


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!!

Sandalwood –white Santalus album (Santalaceae) !

!V"P"K! !

Energetics: Taste Sweet, Bitter, Pungent Potency Cooling Post Digestive Sweet Special feature Lightens the spirit and aids concentration !!Habitat and Cultivation: India, Indonesia, SE Asia, Australia !Part Used: Bark and essential oil !Key Constituents: Alcohol soluble resins, essential oils, tannic acid !Main Actions: Refrigerant, deodorant, complexion enhancer, wound healer, brain tonic !Main Uses: It is used externally to calm skin eruptions and internally to purify blood, cool internal burning sensations, cure hot fevers and quench thirst. Sandalwood is useful in mental irritability, mental debility and brain impairment as it is beneficial to the mind and aids in concentration. For the digestive system it relieves gastric irritations and hepatic debility. It also gradually reduces bad breath. Sandalwood is also useful in dysuria, cystitis, dysuria caused by gonorrhea, foul smelling and/or purulent menstruation. Also indicated for menorrhagia and leukorrhea. !Contraindications and Cautions: According to the Commission E monographes, sandalwood should not be used if there are diseases of the kidney parenchyma


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!Pharmacy and Dosages: 1/4 -1/2 teaspoon taken orally once to twice a day 1-2 drops of the essential oil on a sugar cube or lactose capsule as needed !Planetary ruler: Jupiter !Tissue Affinity: Brain, Blood, Male & Female Reproductive !Herb Strength: Strong !! !


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!

! !Goksura

Tribulus terrestris (Zygophyllaceae) !VPK=⇑K in excess !

Energetics: Taste Sweet, Bitter Potency Cooling Post Digestive Sweet Special feature Breaks renal calculi !Habitat and Cultivation: Grows wild worldwide in dry clay soil !Part Used: Pods and complete plant !Main Consitutuents: Phytosterols, saponins, flavinoids, lignans !Main Actions: Kidney protective, antimicrobial, cardiac stimulant, fertility potentiating, management of sexual dysfunction, diuretic, aphrodisiac !Main Uses: Protects against calculus formation and dissolves calculi and amorphous calculi. It is also used to lower blood lipids and is good for the liver as it affects the filtration and breakdown of the fat molecules. As a cardiotonic it is useful in heart disease. Because of its cooling effects it can dispel heat from the liver and clear the eyes. Used as a tonic in cases of debility, it also helps in preventing abortions, to increase lactation and menstruation, decrease vaginal disorders and used in cases of male impotency. For skin complaints it is used for conditions including psoriasis, leprosy and scabies. !!Contraindications and Cautions: Should not be used if there is bleeding in the urinary tract. !


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!Pharmacy and Dosages: Capsule 0.5-1 grams daily Tincture dose 30-40 drops twice a day !Planetary ruler: Saturn !Tissue Affinity: Blood, Liver, Lung, Male Reproductive, Urinary Tract Herb Strength: Medium !!


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Ayurvedic Herbs · Main Uses: The Ayurvedic traditional use is as milk decoction or wine...

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