0LR(1980) 27(9) 605

B. CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY

1. Apparatus and methods

80:4151 Berman, S. S., J. W. McLaren and S. N. Willie,

1980. Simultaneous determination of five trace metals in seawater by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spec- trometry wi th ul trasonic nebul izat ion. Analyt. Chem., 52(3): 488-492.

Trace metals (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni) determination in relatively unpolluted seawater by a combination of ion-exchange preconcentration and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry is described. Ultrasonic nebulization with aerosol desolvation is used to introduce the metal concen- trates to the plasma. Accuracy within 0.1 #g/L at the 1 #g/L level is obtained with standard devia- tions ranging 0.1-0.3 #g/L. Results are compared to those obtained by independent methods. McLaren: Analytical Chemistry Section, Chemis- try Division, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada, K1A 0R9. (bwt)

80:4152 Carlberg, S. R., 1975/77. Intercalibration of

chemical methods for the determination of oil in seawater and sediments. Ambio spec. Rept, 5: 269-277.

The results of a Swedish-Soviet intercalibration exercise which investigated the comparability of various hydrocarbon analytical methods are presented. The general conclusion is that methodologies must be more uniform before results derived from different laboratories can be dis- cussed jointly. National Board of Fisheries, Institute of Marine Research, Hydrographic Department, Goteborg, Sweden. (bwt)

80:4153 Clark, D. K., E. T. Baker and A. E. Strong,

1978/80. Upwelled spectral radiance dis- tribution in relation to particulate matter in seawater. Boundary-layer Met., 18(3): 287- 298.

Spectral analysis of water colors and concurrent measurements of the relative concentration of various particulate and dissolved constituents in a variety of water types are used to quantify ocean color observations and relate them to natural processes. Remote sensing can be used to estimate total suspended matter and a correlation seems to

exist between suspended matter and phyto- plankton pigment. National Environmental Satellite Service, National Oceanic and At- mospheric Administration, Washington, D.C. 20233, U.S.A. (bwt)

80:4154 Dahlin, H., 1975/77. '27-box' model for hydro-

chemical modeling in the Bothnian Bay and the Bothnian Sea. Ambio spec. Rept, 5: 181- 191.

Using several hydrographic and chemical parameters (e.g., S%o, P, N, temperature, depth), a simple model has been developed to describe current hydrochemical conditions and to model geographical and temporal changes. National Board of Fisheries, Institute of Marine Research, Hydrographic Department, Goteborg, Sweden. (bwt)

80:4155 Oradovsky, S. G., 1975/77. Physico-chemical

methods [gas chromatography, atomic absorp- tion spectrophotometry] used in the USSR for the determination of chemical pollution [hydrocarbons, phenols, chlororganic and phospho-organic pesticidesl in seawater. Am- bio spec. Rept, 5: 287-289. State Oceano- graphic Institute of the Hydrometeorological Service of the USSR, Moscow, U.S.S.R.

80:4156 Robberecht, H. J. and R. E. Van Grieken, 1980.

Sub-part-per-billion determination of total dissolved selenium and selenite in environ- mental waters by X-ray fluorescence spec- trometry. Analyt. Chem., 52(3): 449-453.

A method is described for the analysis of selenium in water using preconcentration with activated car- bon followed by energy-dispersive X-ray fluores- cence. E x p e r i m e n t a l r educ t ion reac t ion parameters have been optimized and the influence of humics, salts and oxidizing substances is con- sidered. The limit of detection is 50 ng/L (Se +4) to 60 ng/L (total Se). This method should be applicable to large-scale screening programs for a variety of water types. Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp (U.I.A.), Universiteitsplein 1, B-26 10 Wilrijk, Belgium. (bwt)

606 B. Chemical Oceanography OLR(1980}27(9)

80:4157 Rudling, L., 1975/77. Chemical analytical as-

pects of oil pollution in the Baltic. Ambio spec. Rept, 5: 279-280.

This review summarizes the results of an investiga- tion into various methods for the analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons in water, sediment and organisms. Swedish Water and Air pollution Research Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden. (bwt)

80:4158 Simonov, A. I., 1975/77. Prediction model for

calculation of oil pollution in the sea by the balance method. Ambio spec. Rept, 5: 177- 179.

A simple mass balance model is presented that could be used to forecast the dynamics of ocean oil pollution. Oil inputs to the ocean (rivers, ships, outfalls, etc.) and oil losses (flushing, chemical and biological degradation, volatilization, etc.) are con- sidered and the concept of a natural tolerance to a fixed pollutant level is discussed. State Oceanographic Institute of the Hydrometeoro- logical Service of the USSR, Moscow, U.S.S.R. (bwt)

80:4159 Tsiban, A. V., 1975/77. The methods for in-

vestigating oil and hydrocarbon oxidation in seawater. Ambio spec. Rept, 5: 263-267.

Various methods currently used for the investiga- tion of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation in seawater are reviewed and discussed. State Oceanographic Institute of the Hydrometeoro- logical Service of the USSR, Moscow, U.S.S.R. (bwt)

3. Composition of sea water

80:4161 Klinkhammer, G. P. and M. L. Bender, 1980. The

distribution of manganese in the Pacific Ocean. Earth planet. Sci. Letts, 46(3): 361- 384.

Manganese concentrations are lowest at the top of the thermocline and highest at the surface and in the oxygen minimum (especially where nitrate reduction is occurring). Manganese in the O~ minimum originates either from advective transport, of Mn oxides reduced in nearshore sediments, or by seawater equilibrium with a metastable oxide similar to hausmannite (MmO4). Since surface Mn concentrations are correlated with Pb-210, the major source of Mn to Pacific sur- face waters may be desorption from atmospheric particulates. Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, R.I. 02881, U.S.A. (mjj)

80:4162 Measures, C. I. and J. D. Burton, 1980. The ver-

tical distribution and oxidation states of dis- solved selenium in the northeast Atlantic Ocean and their relationship to biological processes. Earth planet. Sci. Letts, 46(3): 385- 396.

Selenium profiles are similar to those of silicate and phosphate, indicating that biological processes may control Se distribution. Although thermo- dynamically unstable, Se IV (selenite) produced by reductive incorporation of Se VI (selenate) into biological materials persists in deep waters, probably due to kinetic stability. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. 02139, U.S.A. (mjj)

80:4160 Velner, H. A., L. R. Linnoupyld and P. V. Toom-

park, 1975/77. A technique for determining the load of pollutants in the sea. Ambio spec. Rept, 5: 291-294.

Presented is a mathematical modeling technique dealing with different types of pollutant inputs to the Baltic Sea. 'Recommendations are made for the construction of the matrix of vectors characterizing the state and composition of the (Baltic) water.' The model is presented in the form of graphs and matrices and can be used to deter- mine necessary water protection measures. Tallinn Polytechnic Institute, Tallinn, U.S.S.R. (mjj)

4. Physical chemistry in sea water

80:4163 Sipos, L., B. Raspor, H. W. Nurnberg and R. M.

Pytkowicz, 1980. Interaction of metal com- plexes with coulombic ion-pairs in aqueous media of high salinity. Mar. Chem., 9(1): 37- 47.

The nature of chemical species in solution is im- portant to the entry of toxic metals into marine food webs and to the sedimentation cycle. The competition of anions between alkaline earth cations (ion pairing) and heavy metal cations (complexation) is investigated here and the in- teraction is shown to affect the stability constants

OLR(1980)27(9) B. Chemical Oceanography 607

of heavy metal complexes. Institute of Chemistry, Institute for Applied Physical Chemistry, Nuclear Research Centre (KFA), Juelich, F.R.G. (bwt)

80:4164 Wong, G. T. F., 1980. The oxidation state dia-

gram: a potential tool for studying redox chemistry in seawater. Mar. Chem., 9(1): 1- 12.

Classical methods used to describe the oxidation states of elements in natural waters are limited because they describe only stable solutions. The well-known tool of inorganic chemistry--the oxida- tion state diagram--has been modified so that it may be applied to natural waters. It has the advan- tage of determining the most stable species and also may indicate the existence of metastable species and likely reaction routes of added un- stable species. Diagrams of the nitrogen and manganese systems are presented and are shown to produce data consistent with our current un- derstanding of the geochemistry of these elements. Institute of Oceanography, Old Dominion Univer- sity, Norfolk, Va. 23508, U.S.A. (bwt)

80:4165 Wong, G. T. F., 1980. The stability of dissolved

inorganic species of iodine in seawater. Mar. Chern, 9(1): 13-24.

Existing data on the thermodynamics of the aqueous inorganic iodine system were used to re- examine the relative stabilities of iodine species. The possibility of the consumption of molecular iodine via inorganic reactions is considered, specifically through the formation of the unstable hypoiodite. Some experimental evidence is presented to support this hypothesis. Institute of Oceanography, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Va. 23508, U.S.A. (bwt)

6. Dissolved gases

80:4166 Geodekian, A. A., V. J. Trotsiuk, V. I. Avilov, Iu.

M. Berlin, A. M. Bolshakov and R. P. Zhitinets, 1980. New data on the content of methane in recent sediments of the Baltic Sea. (In Russian.) Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 250(1): 199-201.

80:4167 Martens, C. S. and J. V. Klump, 1980. Biogeo-

chemical cycling in an organic-rich coastal marine basin. I. Methane sediment-water exchange processes. Geochim. cosrnochirn. Acta, 44(3): 471-490.

Field studies demonstrating the mechanisms and quantitative importance of the sediment-water exchange processes controlling methane concen- trations in the water column of Cape Lookout Bight, North Carolina, are reported. Methane produced in the highly organic sediments enters the water column by two seasonably dependent mechanisms: diffusion and bubble ebullition. Major sinks for dissolved methane include aerobic oxidation, air-sea exchange and advective transport. Includes core x-rays and underwater photos. Marine Science Program and Department of Geology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N.C. 27514, U.S.A. (bwt)

80:4168 Pierotti, David and R. A. Rasmussen, 1980. Nitrous

oxide measurements in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. TeUus, 32(1): 56-72.

During a single cruise (March 1976) in the eastern tropical Pacific, N20 was measured continuously in marine air as well as in 65 seawater samples collected to depths of 300 m and in 22 surface water samples. Surface water was generally found to be supersaturated with N20 and serves as a source to the atmosphere. It is postulated that low N20 con- centrations below the thermocline are due to deni t r i f ica t ion . Atmospher ic Trace Gas Laboratory, Environmental Science Department, Oregon Graduate Center, Beaverton, Oreg. 97005, U.S.A. (bwt)

80:4169 Stunzhas, P. A., O. K. Bordovsky, Yu. M. Gusev

and B. V. Shekhvatov, 1980. Microstructure of dissolved oxygen distribution in the Peru- vian near-shore water. (In Russian; English abstract.) Okeanologiia, 20(1): 57-63.

The finestructure of O~ distribution (on a scale of 1 m) was determined using a special hydrochemical sampler. Oxygen concentrations differed by as much as 1.5 mL/L between water layers just 7 to 10 m thick. (mjj)

7. Organic compounds

80:4170 Schlungbaum, G. and G. Nausch, 1975/77. Con-

tribution towards our knowledge of the organic substances in the coastal waters of the GDR. VII. A few remarks on the oc- currence of substances with a phenolic character in the southern Baltic. Arnbio spec. Rept, 5: 87-91.

608 B. Chemical Oceanography OLR(1980)27(9)

Phenolic compounds were categorized as: HSN- phenols, phenols of high-molecular huminic acid and lignine types, and high-molecular non- huminic acid types. Measured concentrations were too low to cause acute toxicity, but chronic effects could not be ruled out. University of Rostock, Department of Biology, Marine and Fishery Biology Section, Rostock, D.R.G. (mjj)

9. Nutrients

80:4171 Fonselius, S. H., 1975/77. On the distribution of

nutrients in Baltic water. Ambio spec. Rept, 5: 95-102.

Salinity diagrams are used to show three stagna- tion periods in the Gotland Basin, which cor- responded with zero oxygen values and formation of H2S. During the stagnation periods phosphate, silicate and ammonia accumulated, while nitrate concentrations fell to zero. Seasonal variations are discussed. National Board of Fisheries, Institute of Marine Research, Hydrographic Department, Goteborg, Sweden. (mjj)

12. Radioactivity, radioisotopes, etc. 80:4172

Bacon, M. P. and A. W. Elzerman, 1980. Enrich- ment of ~'°Pb and "*Po in the sea-surface microlayer. Nature, Lond., 284(5754): 332- 334.

To assess the role of the sea surface in supplying meta l - r ich aerosols to the a tmosphere , measurements of 21°pb and 21°po in the surface microlayer were made. A discussion of the flux of these radionuclides from the sea to the atmo- sphere is presented and a new method for the treat- ment of this chemical data is introduced. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Mass. 02543, U.S.A. (bwt)

80:4173 Lalou, Claude and Evelyne Brichet, 1980.

Anomalously high uranium contents in the sediment under Galapagos hydrothermal mounds. Nature, Lond., 284(5753): 251-253.

High uranium and thorium concentrations are related to ocean ridge thermal activity in sediments interbedded between the basaltic base- ment and green hydrothermal mud at DSDP site 424. These high concentrations indicate the path followed by the hydrothermal fluid which, debouching at the sediment water interface,

formed the green mud. Centre des Faibles Radio- activites, CNRS-CEA, 91190, Gif sur Yvette, France. (bwt)

13. Geochemistry and biogeo- chemistry (see also under Submarine Geol- ogy and Geophysics)

80:4174 Ahl, T., 1975/77. River discharges ofFe, Mn, Cu,

Zn, and Pb into the Baltic Sea from Sweden. Ambio spec. Rept, 5: 219-228. Limnological Survey, National Swedish Environment Protection Board, Uppsala, Sweden.

80:4175 Botello, A. V., E. F. Mandelli, Steve Macko and P.

L. Parker, 1980. Organic carbon isotope ratios of Recent sediments from coastal lagoons of the Gulf of Mexico, Mexico. Geo- chim. cosmochim. Acta, 44(3): 557-559.

For most of the seven lagoons the 5~3C values for sediments ranged from -20.1 to --23.9%0. Anomalously low values, --26.8 to --29.3%0, were determined in sediments of two of the studied lagoons, probably due to the presence of organic carbon from anthropogenic sources. The 5~C values determined in the tissues of oysters collected at the same time were very similar to those recorded in the sediments. Centro de Cien- cias del Mar y Limnologia, UNAM, Apartado Postal 70-305, Mexico 20, D.F., Mexico.

80:4176 Eggimann, D. W., F. T. Manheim and P. R.

Betzer, 1980. Dissolution and analysis of amorphous silica in marine sediments. J. sedim. Petrol., 50(1): 215-225.

A controlled carbonate leaching method is presented as an acceptable method that is broadly applicable and relatively insensitive to the form and matrix of amorphous silica and its host sedi- ment. The method is applied to a range of sediments and to samples from cultures of the marine diatom, Hemidiscus, and the required variations in analysis due to sample type are described. Values for amorphous silica produced by this method when used with silica-poor sediments are significantly lower than previous es- timates. University of South Florida, Department of Marine Science, St. Petersburg, Fla. 33701, U.S.A. (bwt)

OLR(1980)27(9) B. Chemical Oceanography 609

80:4177 Hatcher, P. G., Robert Rowan and M. A. Matting-

ly, 1980. IH and 1~C NMR of marine humic acids. Org. Geochem., 2(2): 77-85.

The combined techniques of 1H and laC NMR show great promise in the identification of structural components of humic acids. Spectra from various marine sedimentary humics were obtained and highly branched aliphatic structures were found to constitute a much larger fraction of the humic acids than anticipated, based on previous evidence. As expected, aromaticity appears to be a specific discriminator of terrestr ial /aquatic sources. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va. 22092, U.S.A. (bwt)

80:4178 Hatcher, P. G., D. L. VanderHart and W. L. Earl,

1980. Use of a solid-state '=C NMR in struc- tural studies of humic acids and humin from Holocene sediments. Org. Geochem., 2(2): 87- 92.

The use of 13C NMR in the examination and com- parison of structural components of terrestrial (Everglades and Minnesota peat) and aquatic (Mangrove Lake, Bermuda) humic substances is described. Terrestrial humics, containing lignin precursors, show higher carbon aromaticity and this t echn ique c lear ly shows t h a t aquatic/terrestrial source distinction. A repeating aliphatic structural unit common to all humics probably derives from the condensation of un- saturated lipids found in the living plants. Quan- tifiable distinctions can be made between struc- tural features of humic substances from different sources. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va. 22092, U.S.A. (bwt)

80:4179 Lee, Cindy, R. B. Gagosian and J. W. Farrington,

1980. Geochemistry of sterols in sediments from the Black Sea and the southwest African shelf and slope. Org. Geochem., 2(2): 103-113.

Results of sterol analyses in surface sediment from the southwest African coast and sediment cores from the deepest Black Sea basins are presented. An attempt is made to relate the sterol distribution found to the type and location of geochemical processes. Namibian shelf sterol distribution is complex, probably due to the great spatial and temporal variability of biological productivity. The Black Sea cores have microbe-produced sterol dis- tributions that can more easily be explained, probably because of the greater physical stability of the water column. Department of Chemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Mass. 02543, U.S.A. (bwt)

80:4180 Murty, P. S. N., Ch. M. Rao, A. L. Paropkari and

R. S. Topgi, 1980. Distribution of A1, Mn, Ni, Co and Cu in the non-Hthogenous fractions of sediments of the northern haft of the western continental shelf of India. Indian J. mar. Sci., 9(1): 56-61. National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, In- dia.

80:4181 Simoneit, B. R. T. and I. R. Kaplan, 1980. Triter-

penoids as molecular indicators of paleo- seepage in Recent sediments of the Southern California Bight. Mar. environ. Res., 3(2): 113-128.

Lipids found in marine sediments have diverse origins and characterization of their sources is dif- ficult. Lipids extracted from sections of a sediment core taken in the Southern California Bight are characterized using various molecular indicators (n-alkanes, n-fatty acids, unresolved complex mixture, aromatics, tri- and diterpenoids) and it is proposed that triterpenoids, especially the (17all, 21~H)-hopanes, can be used as a sensitive molecular indicator of low-level petroleum con- tamination. Results indicate that petroleum from paleoseepage has been incorporated into bight sediments throughout Recent geologic time. Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif. 90024, U.S.A. (bwt)

80"4182 Willey, J. D. and R. A. Fitzgerald, 1980. Trace

metal geochemistry in sediments from the Miramichi Estuary, New Brunswick. Can. J. Earth Sci., 17(2): 254-265.

Processes which determine trace metal concen- trations in this northeastern New Brunswick es- tuary were evaluated. Organic matter, mineralogy and texturally-related characteristics, in combina- tion, were found to control metal concentration and reactivity in estuarine sediments. High zinc levels were related to mining activities and in- dustrial effluents. Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, P.O. Box 3725, Wilmington, N.C. 28406, U.S.A. (bwt)

80:4183 Zhorov, V. A., Ye. Ye. Sovga, Yu. S. Kalashnikova

and A. I. Kirchanova, 1978. Estimate of the chemical forms of hydrogen sulfide in different zones of the Black Sea. Geochern. int. (a translation of Geokhimiya), 15(6): 72- 78.

This report reviews the data available in the literature on the dissociation constant of hydro-

610 B. Chemical Oceanography 0LR(1980)27(9)

sulfuric acid in seawater and, using field data, (pH, depth regime, temperature, HzS level) the authors have calculated these constants for various zones in the Black Sea. Includes 60 references. Moscow Hydrophysical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, Sevastopol, U.S.S.R. (bwt)

15. Corrosion

80:4184 Syrett, B. C. and S. S. Wing, 1980. Effect of flow

on corrosion of copper-nickel alloys in aerated seawater and in sulfide-polluted seawater. Corrosion, 36(2): 73-85.

After a 230-hour exposure at sea water velocities up to 5 m/s, corrosion rates of 90:10 Cu: Ni and 70:30 Cu :Ni were lower in deaerated, sulfide-polluted sea water than in aerated sea water. Corrosion oc- curred fairly uniformly, except that at 3 m/s and above the 70 : 30 Cu : Ni alloy suffered localized cor- rosion which increased rapidly as water velocity in- creased. Onset of accelerated corrosion was associated with a shift in the relative strengths of the corrosion and breakaway potentials. Results were interpreted in terms of the electrochemical (not mechanical) stability of the surface oxide film. Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, Calif. U.S.A. (mjj)

80:4186 Eder, G. and K. Weber, 1980. Chlorinated

phenols in sediments and suspended matter of the Weser Estuary. Chemosphere, 9(2): 111-118.

Concentrations and distribution patterns of chlorophenols in sediments and suspended par- ticulates of the Weser Estuary are presented and related to previous data on concentrations in the water. It is suggested that contaminated sediments may serve as a long-term source of contamination due to remobilization processes. Institut fur Meeresforschung, Am Handelshafen 12, D 2850 Bremerhaven, F.R.G. (bwt)

80:4187 Edgren, M., 1975/77. Sediment as an indicator of

pollution. Ambio spec. Rept, 5: 133-139.

Surface sediment from three representative areas of the Stockholm archipelago were thoroughly analyzed for a suite of geological and chemical parameters. Levels of pollution are related to water depth and concentrations of sorbents such as organic carbon and ferric and manganese hydroxide. Factors by which sediment chemical composition is controlled are discussed and the possibility for monitoring a large area based on fewer analyses is suggested. National Swedish En- vironment Protection Board, Research Laboratory, Coast, Investigation, Oregrund, Sweden. (bwt)

17. Pollution (see also under Bio- logical Oceanography and General)

80:4185 Drifmeyer, J. E., C. L. Rosenberg and M. A.

Heywood, 1980. Chlordecone (Kepone) ac- cumulation on estuarinc plant detritus. Bull. environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 24(3): 364- 368.

The scavenging of Kepone by decomposing macro- phyte detritus (giant cordgrass) is documented and the role this detritus food source plays in making the industrial contaminant available to estuarine food webs is considered. U.S. Army Environmental Hygiene Agency, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md. 21010, U.S.A. (bwt)

80:4188 Juhat, M. and A. Toompuu, 1975/77. Modeling of

substance [pollutants] transfer in the coastal regions of the Baltic Sea. Ambio spec. Rept, 5: 193-196.

To protect the sea from pollution it is necessary to design mathematical models of pollutant distribu- tion and to forecast water quality under waste dis- charge. Problems of approximating the distribu- tion density of admixtures at fixed points are examined. Academy of Sciences of the Estonian SSR, Institute of Thermophysics and Electro- physics, Tallinn, U.S.S.R.

80:4189 O'Neill, R. A., L. Buja-Bijunas and D. M. Rayner,

1980. Field performance of a laser fluoro- sensor for the detection of oil spills. Appl. Opt., 19(6): 863-870.

OLR(1980)27(9) B. Chemical Oceanography 611

An airborne laser fluorosensor that was designed for the remote sensing of oil spills by means of characteristic fluorescence emission spectra is described. Field trials of the multichannel sensor are reported and a correlation technique has been developed that is capable of discriminating between fluorescence due to background, dye and several oil types. Department of Energy, Mines, & Resources, Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, Ot- tawa, Ontario KIA 0Y7. (bwt)

80:4190 Thorell, L., 1975/77. Pollutants from Swedish

municipal and industrial outlets into the Baltic Sea. Ambio spec. Rept, 5: 213-218. National Swedish Environment Protection Board, Technical Department, Solna, Sweden.

80:4191 Wu, Tung L., Laurie Lambert, David Hastings and

Deborah Banning, 1980. Enrichment of the agricultural herbicide atrazine in the micro- surface water of an estuary. Bull. environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 24(3): 411-414.

Concentrations of atrazine ranged from 0.01 to 0.59 #g/L (X = 0.13 ~g/L) in screen-sampled mi- crosurface water, and from 0.003 to 0.19 #g/L (X=0.04 ~g/L) in bulk surface water. The highest microsurface enrichment of atrazine occurred September-October. Most of the atrazine was in dissolved r a the r t han p a r t i c u l a t e form. Chesapeake Bay Center for Environmental Studies, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 28, Edgewater, Md. 21037, U.S.A. (mjj)

80:4193 Hunter, K. A., 1980. Processes affecting par-

ticulate trace metals in the sea surface microlayer. Mar. Chem., 9(1): 49-70.

Concentrations of particulate trace metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in the surface micro- layer and subsurface seawater samples collected in the North Sea have been measured. Estimation of the importance of various processes affecting microlayer particulates (e.g., atmospheric deposi- tion, diffusion, settling, mixing, etc.) is presented and explanations for the depleted (Fe and Mn) and enriched (Cu, Zn and Pb) concentrations found are given. Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. (bwt)

80:4194 Pustelnikov, O. S., 1975/77. Geochemical fea-

tures of suspended matter in connection with recent sedimentation processes in the Baltic Sea. Ambio spec. Rept, 5: 157-162.

This report deals with the geochemical aspects of the distribution of suspended matter; chemical composition and the balance of chemical com- pounds; inflow-sedimentation and incorporation in bottom sediments depending on climatic, hydro- logical and physico-chemical conditions; pollution, its participation in the sedimentary cycle, and its flux through water and organisms. Lithuanian SSR Academy of Sciences, Department of Geography, Vilnius, U.S.S.R.

18. Particulate matter

80:4192 Demina, L. L. and L. S. Fomina, 1978. Forms of

occurrence of Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu in surface suspended material of the Pacific Ocean. Geochem. int. (a translation of Geokhimiya), 15(6): 79-95.

The chemical forms of four metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) in plankton and neuston collected in surface waters of the Pacific were investigated. The bulk of these elements is present in mobile form as oxides of Fe and Mn with other metals sorbed onto them. The proportion of organically bound metals in- creases in areas of high primary production. Institute of Oceanology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, U.S.S.R. (bwt)

20. Miscel laneous

80:4195 Chernyakova, A. M. and A. S. Romanov, 1980.

Inhomogeneities of chemical characteristics fields in the POLYMODE area caused by the eddy structure of waters. (In Russian; English abstract.) Okeanologiia, 20(1): 64-71.

The passage of synoptic eddies through the southwestern Sargasso Sea is accompanied in the 200 to 1000 m layer by relatively stable in- homogeneities in the distribution of O~ and silicic acid. 'A vertical stability Of the zone of interaction between cyclonic and anticyclonic formations was established from the distribution of silicic acid.' (mjj)