B-UNIV QUES

Dental Dreamz

Dr. Nitish Singla ([email protected]) Page 1

FEW B - UNIVERSITY QUESTIONS ===================================================================

Here Are Few Questions From Birmingham University E-Course Papers. For More Questions You Can Purchase DENTAL QUEST Book By Dr. Suresh Shenvi & Dr. Gaurav Ram Chandani. There Are About 120 Questions In That Books First Part, 2nd Part Is Yet To Be Released.

For Those Who Do Not For What These Questions Are ?

These Questions Are Important For AIIMS/AIPG As AIIMS People Used To Directly Pick Questions From These E-Course Papers. Earlier These Questions Were Available For Free Of Cost To All But Now These Questions Are Limited To Just The Students And Staff At The School Of Dentistry, Birmingham UK, Still A Website Named Http://Www.Dentaljuce.Com Offers Similar Questions At The Cost Of 79 Pounds. But In The Recent Years There Were Very Few Questions From This E-Course But Still We Cant Just Ignore These Questions. So Here Are The Questions Which I Was Able To Collect On Net And My Seniors Especially Dr. Sandeep Goyal Sir (Std. MDS Oral Pathology) .

Q1What is an amalgam 53% said

A) A mercury alloy 5% said

B) A silver alloy 10% said

C) An alloy of mercury and silver 32% said

D) An alloy of mercury, silver, tin, zinc, and maybe copper

Q2What is a dental amalgam alloy? 5%

A) A mercury alloy 24%

B) A silver alloy 12%

C) An alloy of mercury and silver 58%

D) An alloy of mercury, silver, tin, zinc, and maybe copper

Q3How much copper is in a high-copper dental amalgam alloy? 13%

A) 2 - 12 % 73%

B) 12 - 32 % 12%

C) 32 - 52% 3%

D) above 52%

Q4What is another name for a high-copper dental amalgam alloy? 20%

A) gamma 2 80%

B) non gamma 2

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Dental Dreamz


Q5Zinc is often added to improve dental amalgam properties. What happens to a zinc containing low-copper alloy if it gets moisture in it? 17%

A) It corrodes 6%

B) It contracts 62%

C) It expands 11%

D) It creeps 5%

E) None of these

Q6What happens to a zinc containing high-copper alloy if it gets moisture in it? 14%

A) It corrodes 13%

B) It contracts 32%

C) It expands 10%

D) It creeps 32%

E) None of these

Q7True or false? The gamma 2 phase of old-fashioned amalgams is weak. 88%

A) True 12%

B) False

Q8True or false? The gamma 2 phase of old-fashioned amalgams is highly corrodable. 84%

A) True

16% B) False

Q9Which of these is a mixture of lathe-cut and spherical alloy particles? 35%

A) Hybrid 56%

B) Admixed 5%

C) gamma 2 5%

D) non gamma 2

Q10True or false? Dental amalgam wears at approximately the same rate as tooth structure. 40%

A) True 60%

B) False

Q11True or false? Corrosion of dental amalgam helps to reduce microleakage. 77%

A) True 23%

B) False

Q12True or false? Corrosion of dental amalgam helps to bond amalgam to the tooth. 29%

A) True 71%

B) False

13When amalgam is polished, the metal crystals at the surface get flattened. This layer is called the -

Dental Dreamz


19% A) Dalby layer

38% B) Beelby layer

16% C) Trilby layer

28% D) Whitby layer

Q14Why is there tin in dental amalgam? 54%

A) To slow down the reaction rate and give adequate working time 16%

B) To reduce corrosion 12%

C) To scavenge water molecules 18%

D) To give the filling strength

15True or false? Copper reacts with the Tin to create a strong phase. This prevents the tin from reacting with the mercury to create a weak phase. 80%

A) True 20%

B) False

Q16Which is the gamma 1 phase? 27%

A) Ag3Sn 62%

B) Ag2Hg3 5%

C) AgCu 3%

D) Cu6Sn5 4%

E) Sn7Hg

Q17Which is the gamma 2 phase? 17%

A) Ag3Sn 7%

B) Ag2Hg3 7%

C) AgCu 8%

D) Cu6Sn5 61%

E) Sn7Hg

Q18True or false? The reaction for low-copper amalgam is: Ag3Sn + Hg -> Ag3Sn + Ag2Hg3 + Sn7Hg 84%

A) True 16%

B) False

Q19What is the most serious problem with restoring posterior teeth with amalgam? 12%

A) Mercury toxicity 7%

B) Unaesthetic 55%

C) Lots of sound tooth needs to be removed 24%

D) Expansion can cause cusp fracture 1%

E) Short lifetime compared to many other restorative materials

Q20Which is more important when comparing dental amalgams?

Dental Dreamz


46% A) Low creep

46% B) High compressive strength

8% C) High shear strength

Q21What is the ratio of mercury to alloy? 23%

A) 0.5 : 1 9%

B) 0.75 : 1 50%

C) 1 : 1 6%

D) 1.25 : 1 4%

E) 1.5 : 1 8%

F) 2 :1

Q22What is triturition? 92%

A) Mixing 5%

B) Packing 2%

C) Carving 2%

D) Polishing

Q23How long before amalgam forms a seal with the tooth? 10%

A) 1 hour 51%

B) 24 hours 8%

C) 1 week

6% D) 1 month

25% E) 3 months

Q24What is an amalcore? 60% said

A) An amalgam restoration that enters and plugs the canal orifice(s) 12% said

B) A cast post with an amalgam on top of it 21% said

C) A pinned amalgam core for a crown 7% said

D) An amalgam that covers the entire occlusal surface of the tooth

Q25Why is infection control so especially important in endodontics ?

7% A) To prevent cross-infection of the

operator and nurse 74%

B) To allow healing of the peri-radicular tissues 12%

C) To prevent the patient picking up infection from previous patients 8%

D) To reduce New Variant CJD transmission

Q26What is meant by aseptic technique? 45%

A) Working in a field as near sterile as possible

Dental Dreamz


4% B) Limiting infection to the patient's

own oral bacteria 12%

C) Ensuring all micro-organisms are removed or killed as part of the procedure 39%

D) Not introducing any micro-organisms to the canal that weren't already there before you started

Q27Which is NOT a function of Rubber Dam?

1% A) Preventing saliva contamination

6% B) Improving visibility

9% C) Confining excess irrigants

50% D) Making access to the pulp chamber

easier 22%

E) Improving patient comfort 11%

F) Reducing medicolegal liability

Q28True or false? Excellent mechanical instrumentation will remove virtually all the infected tissue from the root canal system.

39% A) True

61% B) False

Q29What strength of Sodium Hypochlorite (bleach) is used for canal irrigation?

5% A) 1%

25% B) 2%

56% C) 5%

7% D) 10%

3% E) 20%

4% F) 50%

Q30What intra-canal medication should normally be placed in the canal between visits?

26% A) Ledermix (combined anti-biotic and

anti-inflammatory) 46%

B) Hypocal 13%

C) Dycal or Life 13%

D) Para-chloro-mono-phenol (PCMP) 1%

E) Paper point

Q31When irrigating with bleach, how far should the needle be inserted?

20% A) Into the pulp chamber only

9% B) 7mm from the apex

66% C) To the point just before it just binds

on the canal walls, but must be short of the working length

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5% D) to the working length

Q32Which of these does bleach NOT do? 17%

A) Lubricate the canal 5%

B) Dissolve organic debris 8%

C) Kill bacteria 2%

D) Wash out debris 67%

E) Dissolve sclerosed dentine

Q33What needle is used for delivering bleach when irrigating a canal?

21% A) Side venting wide bore

50% B) Side venting narrow bore

10% C) End venting wide bore

19% D) End venting narrow bore

Q34About how long does it take bacteria contacting the coronal end of a very well condensed root filling to penetrate through it to the apex?

7% A) 1 day max

16% B) 1 week max

29% C) 6 weeks max

15%

D) 6 months max 32%

E) Many years

Q35If you can't get dam onto a tooth for root treatment, which solution is unacceptable?

12% A) Restore the tooth first to enable dam

placement, then drill access through the new restoration 4%

B) Crown lengthening by electrosurgery 54%

C) Working without dam 6%

D) Restoring with a copper band 23%

E) Placing the dam clamp beaks directly onto the gingiva

Q36Which of these is NOT true when Vitrebond is used as a canal orifice sealant

31% A) Hard to identify if re-treatment is

needed 34%

B) May not be fully set all the way through 36%

C) Doesn't bond well to dentine

Q37What is a hermetic seal, as applied to endodontics?

5% A) Airtight

Dental Dreamz


11% B) Waterproof

5% C) Saliva can't pass

13% D) Micro-organisms can't pass

67% E) All of these

Q38If a patient has gingival recession, how far should the gutta percha be trimmed back before sealing the coronal?

49% A) 1mm below the level of the recession

22% B) 1mm below the ACJ

19% C) 1mm below the canal opening

10% D) 1mm below the roof of the pulp

chamber

Q39If a patient has NO gingival recession, how far should the gutta percha be trimmed back before sealing the coronal? 5%

A) 1mm below the level of the recession 52%

B) 1mm below the ACJ 29%

C) 1mm below the canal opening 14%

D) 1mm below the roof of the pulp chamber

Q40If you choose to temporarily seal the access cavity of a tooth with Kalzinol, how thick should it be? 6%

A) 1 mm 31%

B) 2 mm 42%

C) 3 mm 21%

D) 4 mm

Q41Which of these is the best material as a temporary dressing for an access cavity after endo is completed ? 11%

A) Life or Dycal 22%

B) Chemfil 46%

C) Kalzinol 21%

D) Poly-F

Q42Which of these pulp locations can be removed mechanically? 4%

A) Lateral Canals 73%

B) Pulp horns 5%

C) Cul-de-sacs (dead ends) 6%

D) Apical Ramifications 7%

E) Isthmi 4%

F) Concavities

Q43To control infection during endo, the files must be cleaned between uses. How? 16%

A) Dry gauze in a ring holder

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4% B) Gauze dampened with water

48% C) Gauze dampened with bleach

32% D) Gauze dampened with Chlorhexidine

Q44 What does Enamel Bonding Agent (EBA) consist of? 51% said

A) Unfilled resin 21% said

B) A mixture of resins in an acetone or ethanol solvent. 6% said

C) A wetting agent and resins. 22% said

D) A mixture of priming and bonding agents.

Q45Which of these products is an EBA? 33%

A) Prime & Bond 34%

B) Durafill 13%

C) One Step 7%

D) Liner-bond 12%

E) Gluma

Q46Etched enamel does not need 'wetting' before the Enamel Bonding Agent is applied. Why not?

56% A) It has a high surface-free energy.

9% B) It has a low surface-free energy.

14% C) Enamel Bonding Agent has low

surface tension. 21%

D) The negative charge in EBA is attracted to the positive Calcium Ions in etched enamel.

Q47True or false? If a cavity margin is in dentine (e.g. some cervical cavities), EBA should not be used.

59% A) True

41% B) False

Q48What is the bond strength achievable using EBA on etched enamel? ( 1 MPa = 1kg/mm2 ) 6%

A) 1 MPa 21%

B) 5 MPa 25%

C) 15 MPa 48%

D) 30 MPa

Q49What is the approximate stress caused by polymerisation contraction of composite?

8% A) 1 MPa

53% B) 5 MPa

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32% C) 15 MPa

8% D) 30 MPa

Q50Does the bond strength of EBA to enamel exceed the contraction stress of polymerised composite?

14% A) No

10% B) About equal

21% C) Yes, slightly.

54% D) Yes, greatly.

Q51Can a dentine bonding system be used on etched enamel?

71% A) Yes

29% B) No

Q52Which of these is NOT an advantage of EBA over dentine bonding systems?

9% A) Less marginal leakage

13% B) Better colour stability

11% C) Higher bond strength

6% D) Easier to apply

12% E) Cheaper

48% F) Less moisture sensitive

Q53A dentine 'Primer' - 8%

A) Etches the dentine 53%

B) Raises the surface-free energy of (I.e. 'wets') the dentine 22%

C) Removes the smear layer 5%

D) Bonds the composite 11%

E) Conditions the dentine

Q54A dentine 'Conditioner' - 74%

A) Removes the smear layer 6%

B) Raises the surface-free energy of the dentine 8%

C) Bonds the composite 12%

D) Thinly coats the collagen fibrils with resin

Q55The resin in EBA is usually - 22%

A) HEMA 63%

B) Bis-GMA 2%

C) PENTA 6%

Dental Dreamz


D) Di-Methyl Methacrylate 7%

E) Methyl Methacrylate

Q56The resins in a Dentine Bonding Sytem Primer -

5% A) have a high molecular weight

11% B) are viscous

13% C) have high surface tension

71% D) are hydrophilic

Q57The solvent that helps dentine 'wetting' in DBS's is often -

6% A) Water

72% B) Acetone or Ethanol

2% C) Carbon Tetrachloride

7% D) Ethylamine

13% E) Low molecular weight resin

Q58Including etching, how many stages are involved in dentine bonding?

12% A) 2

30% B) 3

6% C) 4

51%

D) Varies with different systems

Q59What is the approximate bond strength between dentine and composite when a modern DBS is used?

2% A) 1 MPa

25% B) 5 MPa

31% C) 15 MPa

42% D) More than 15 MPa

Q60Does the bond strength to dentine when a DBS is used exceed the contraction stress of polymerised composite?

19% A) No

32% B) About equal

49% C) Yes

Q61Which of these does acid etch NOT do to dentine? 13%

A) Remove the smear layer 9%

B) Open up the dentinal tubules 12%

C) Expose collagen fibrils 66%

D) Increase the surface-free energy

Q62True or false? Dentine should be slightly moist when applying a DBS Primer.

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85% A) True

15% B) False

Q63True or false? Enamel should be slightly moist when applying an EBA.

10% A) True

90% B) False

Q64What is the Matrix in Composite? 88% said

A) The resin into which the filler particles are inserted 8% said

B) A transparent strip which holds it against the tooth 3% said

C) The polymerisation initiator 0% said

D) An energy source for machines

Q65What is the Matrix usually made of? 8%

A) HEMA 2%

B) Mylar 2%

C) EDTA 87%

D) Bis-GMA 2%

E) Celluloid

Q66Composite: What are the filler particles made of?

24% A) Methacrylate resins

68% B) Glass

5% C) Glass Ionomer

3% D) Titanium Dioxide

Q67Composite: What is the initiator ? 15%

A) Light 41%

B) A chemical which starts the polymerisation reaction 44%

C) Either of these

Q68Composite: How are the filler particles joined to the matrix? 11%

A) Micro-mechanical retention 8%

B) Bipolar bond 77%

C) With a silane coupling agent 4%

D) The outside of the particles is dissolved and a metal ionic bond is formed

Q69True or false? Composite is naturally adhesive to teeth. 13%

A) True 87%

B) False

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Q70True or false? Higher filler loading makes a composite easier to polish. 29%

A) True 71%

B) False

Q71True or false? Higher filler loading makes a composite stronger.

91% A) True

9% B) False

Q72True or false? High filler loading results in less polymerisation contraction. 84%

A) True 16%

B) False

Q73True or false? Higher filler loading makes a composite easier to handle. 38%

A) True 62%

B) False

Q74True or false? Composite has a similar coefficient of thermal expansion as tooth tissues. 32%

A) True 68%

B) False

Q75True or false? Microfilled composite can be used for Class IV cavities. 59%

A) True

41% B) False

Q76True or false? Microfilled composite can be used for Class V cavities. 85%

A) True 15%

B) False

Q77What is the typical particle size in microfilled composite, in micrometres?

63% A) 0.04

29% B) 0.4

6% C) 4

2% D) 40

Q78What is special about a hybrid composite?

6% A) It is a mixture of Composite and

Compomer. 80%

B) It contains both large and small filler particles. 8%

C) The matrix is a mixture of Bis-GMA and TEG-GMA. 5%

D) The filler particles are a mixture of glass and Silicon Dioxide

Q79What is special about a posterior composite?

Dental Dreamz


12% A) It is dual-cured

78% B) It is very heavily filled

6% C) It flows easily during placement

5% D) It is cured outside the mouth and

cemented into the tooth

Q80Which of these lining materials should not be used with composite?

8% A) Life

5% B) Poly-F

6% C) Vitrebond

59% D) Kalzinol

21% E) Zinc Phosphate

Q81What is the maximum thickness of composite that a curing light can penetrate?

6% A) 0.5 mm

9% B) 1 mm

79% C) 2 mm

7% D) 3 mm

Q82What is the approximate polymerisation contraction stress when composite sets?

7% A) 1 MPa

55% B) 5 MPa

26% C) 15 MPa

11% D) 30 MPa

Q83What is NOT a common result of microleakage at a composite margin?

7% A) Secondary caries

12% B) Sensitivity

17% C) Staining

64% D) Enamel fracture

Q84True or false: Compomer is a Resin Modified Glass Ionomer.

26% said A) True

74% said B) False

Q85Which of these is a compomer? 8%

A) Herculite 4%

B) Gluma 6%

Dental Dreamz


C) Fuji IX 67%

D) Dyract 15%

E) Vitremer

Q86How does compomer set? 13%

A) Acid-base reaction 13%

B) Polymer chains cross-linked with metal ions 71%

C) Polymerisation of methacrylate resins 3%

D) Precipitation of soluble ions

Q87True or false? The acid soluble glass in compomer is silane coated.

74% A) True

26% B) False

Q88What is the most useful property of compomer?

39% A) Releases fluoride

32% B) Handles easily

29% C) Bonds to enamel and dentine

Q89True or false? Compomer is permable to water.

59% A) True

41% B) False

Q90True or false? Compomer is more colour-stable than composite.

25% A) True

75% B) False

Q91True or false? Compomer is stronger than composite.

19% A) True

81% B) False

Q92True or false? Compomer has less filler than composite.

81% A) True

19% B) False

Q93True or false? Compomer is water based.

33% A) True

67% B) False

Q94What type of material is ChemFil 5% said

A) Composite

Dental Dreamz


6% said B) Compomer

75% said C) Glass Ionomer

13% said D) Resin Modified Glass Ionomer

1% said E) Synthetic Porcelain

Q95ChemFil's elasticity (elastic modulus) matches that of

1% A) Cementum

73% B) Dentine

12% C) Enamel

13% D) None of these

Q96True or False? Chemfil is suitable to treat erosion cavities because it is resistant to acid attack.

32% A) True

68% B) False

Q97True or False? ChemFil is suitable to restore toothbrush abrasion cavities as it has good wear resistance 25%

A) True 75%

B) False

Q98True or False? ChemFil is suitable to restore occlusal cavities as it has good compressive strength

20% A) True

80% B) False

Q99True or False? ChemFil is suitable to treat cervical caries as it releases fluoride, which may reduce recurrent caries.

94% A) True

6% B) False

Q100True or False? ChemFil bonds well to dentine.

93% A) True

7% B) False

Q101How should ChemFil be mixed when used as a restoration?

47% A) Very thick

43% B) Medium thick

8% C) Thin

3% D) Runny

0% E) Watery

Q102What is the mixing time for ChemFil?

52%

Dental Dreamz


A) 20 sec 31%

B) 40 sec 14%

C) 60 sec 3%

D) 90 sec

Q103How does ChemFil set? 9%

A) Light cured 78%

B) Chemical cured 13%

C) Dual cured ( i.e. sets quickly with light, slowly without light)

Q104When newly placed, it is essential to protect ChemFil from moisture. How ? 19%

A) Cover with petroleum jelly (vaseline) 29%

B) 1 coat of ChemFil Varnish 43%

C) 2 coats of ChemFil Varnish 9%

D) Use rubber dam

Q105How is chemfil placed into a cavity? 29%

A) Place and pack with a flat plastic instrument, then allow to set. 28%

B) Use a matrix foil or strip to hold it in place. 43%

C) Either way is satisfactory

Q106Ideally, how long must a ChemFil restoration be left before finishing and polishing it?

15% A) 3 minutes

15% B) 7 minutes

5% C) 1 hour

65% D) 24 hours

Q107What is the minimum time before it can be finished?

14% A) 3 minutes

50% B) 7 minutes

17% C) 1 hour

18% D) 24 hours

Q108If you have to finish a Chemfil restoration on the same visit, how would you prevent heat from polishing?

36% A) Use water spray from the polishing

handpiece. 47%

B) Use vaseline on the restoration. 17%

C) Both of these

Q109True or False? ChemFil restorations normally have long term excellent aesthetics.

Dental Dreamz


15% A) True

85% B) False

Q110What is the working time for ChemFil?

38% A) 20 sec

24% B) 40 sec

22% C) 60 sec

15% D) 90 sec

Q111True or false? ChemFil is a useful material for temporary dressings.

81% A) True

19% B) False

Q112What liquid is ChemFil powder mixed with?

33% A) Polyacrylic acid

2% B) Phosphoric acid

5% C) Unfilled resin

58% D) Water

1% E) Acetone

Q113What is the bond strength of ChemFil to Dentine ? (1 MegaPascal = 1kg / mm2) 5%

A) 0.1 Mpa 14%

B) 1 Mpa 51%

C) 5 Mpa 15%

D) 10 Mpa 15%

E) 25 Mpa

Q114Ideally, what type of margin should be prepared on a cavity before placing a ChemFil restoration?

15% A) Feather edge

30% B) 1mm bevel

55% C) Butt join

Q115True or false? Unfilled composite resin can be placed and cured as a glaze over Chemfil to protect it from moisture.

74% A) True

26% B) False

Q116True or false? Unfilled composite resin can be used as a lubricant when finishing a Chemfil restoration.

41% A) True

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59% B) False

Q117True or false? A scalpel blade can be used to trim excess Chemfil interproximally when finishing a ChemFil restoration.

59% A) True

41% B) False

Q118Which of these would you NOT use to finish a ChemFil restoration?

29% A) Steel finishing burs

32% B) High speed diamond burs

1% C) 3M 'Enhance' polishing cup and disc

8% D) Tungsten Carbide finishing burs

9% E) Impregnated rubber points

20% F) Abrasive polishing paste

Handling Materials: ParaPost SBA - MCQ

Choose the Single Best Answer (SBA) to the questions below:

1. What is the minimum acceptable length for a post?

5mm

7mm

9mm

5mm from apical constriction

3mm from apical constriction

The same length as the crown it supports

Well done.

2. True or false? There is a higher risk of root perforation with the ParaPost technique than a custom-made post technique.

True

False

Well done.

3. ParaPost drills are - Side cutting

End cutting

Well done.

4. A black ParaPost drill has the same diameter as which size Gates Glidden drill?

No 3

No 4

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No 5

No 6

Well done.

5. True or false? A post hole is initially prepared by stepping through ParaPost drills, then using a Gates Glidden to shape it.

True

False

Well done.

6. True or false? Tapered posts are less retentive than parallel sided posts.

True

False

Well done.

7. Approximately how many roots are curved in the apical third?

5%

25%

50%

75%

95%

Well done.

8. Why is it important to retain as much coronal dentine as possible when preparing a post crown?

To resist post rotation

To increase post retention

To reduce the crowbar effect

To provide a ferrule effect

All of these

Well done.

9. Which ParaPost is used for the impression?

The metal one

The smooth plastic one

The serrated plastic one

Well done.

10. Which ParaPost is used for the temporary crown?

The metal one


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Well done.

11. Which ParaPost is used for the burn-out post?

The metal one



Well done.

12. Which post-hole design provides the most acceptable anti-rotation effect?

An anti-rotation notch

An oval cross section in the coronal third

A groove in the thickest wall of the root

An accessory pin hole in the root face

Well done.

13. What is the minimum thickness (width) of coronal dentine that can be left?

0.1 mm

0.5 mm

1 mm

1.5 mm

2 mm

Well done.

14. What type of impression should be used in conjunction with the ParaPost technique?

One stage

Two stage

Well done.

15. How should the impression be removed from the mouth with the ParaPost technique?

Snap action

Slowly, in line with the post

By tilting it to break the seal posteriorly

Well done.

16. True or false? The cast post should be sandblasted by the lab before it is returned for fitting.

True

False

Dental Dreamz


Well done.

17. How should the inside of the post hole be cleared of residual sealer paste and Gutta Percha strands

With a high speed handpiece

With a finishing bur on a low-speed (RA) handpiece

With a sonic scaler

With hand files and Gates Glidden drills

Well done.

Handling Materials: Acid Etch SBA-MCQ


1. What acid is normally used to etch teeth in restorative dentistry?

Maleic acid

Acetic acid

Phosphoric acid

Hydrochloric acid

Poly-acrylic acid

Well done.

2. What strength of this acid is normally used to etch teeth in restorative dentistry?

1 %

5 %

10 %

20 %

35 %

50%

Well done.

3. When etching enamel, approximately how long should the acid be in place?

10 sec

25 sec

40 sec

60 sec

90 sec

Well done.

4. What is 'conditioner' ? Acid

Alcohol

Dental Dreamz


Dentine priming agent

Dentine bonding agent

Acetone

Well done.

5. When etching dentine, approximately how long should the acid be in place?

10 sec

25 sec

40 sec

60 sec

90 sec

Well done.

6. When washing the acid off a tooth, approximately how long should you spray water for?

5 sec

10 sec

30 sec

60 sec

90 sec

Well done.

7. What is the point of the water spraying?

To ensure all the acid is washed off

To ensure the calcium phosphate precipitates caused by the etching are washed away

Both of these

Well done.

8. How deep is the micro-porous layer created by etching the enamel (in micrometers) ?

0.5 - 5

5 - 50

50 - 500

500 - 5000

Well done.

9. How much general surface enamel is removed by etching (in micrometres) ?

0.1

1

10

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100

Well done.

10. How dry should enamel be after etching, and before placement of a bonding resin?

Absolutely dry

Almost dry

Slightly moist

Wet

Well done.

11. What is the appearance of correctly etched enamel?

Frosted

Blotchy

Speckled

Translucent

Well done.

12. Why is etch usually presented as a gel instead of a solution?

To make identification easier

To allow better control over placement

To enhance and concentrate the action of the acid

To make it easier to wash off

Well done.

13. Why is the etch gel coloured? To make identification easier

Legal requirement

The colour changes when etching is completed

Well done.

14. How should you protect adjacent teeth from being etched?

Rubber dam

Vaseline

Mylar matrix strip

Cavity varnish

Well done. You can also use PTFE tape

15. How should the patient be protected from the acid when it is being washed off?

Excess should be wiped off with cotton wool first

Dental Dreamz


Rubber dam should be used

Protective glasses

Full size bib

High speed aspiration

All of these

Well done.

16. How should the pulp be protected from etch in a very deep cavity?

Line it with Life or Dycal (Calcium hydroxide liner)

Line it with Life or Dycal, covered with Vitrebond (a light-cured resin modified glass ionomer)

Line it with Kalzinol (Zinc oxide / eugenol)

Protect it with Copalite (cavity varnish)

Protect it with Vitrebond

Well done.

17. What type of enamel / restoration bond is created when an acid-etch technique is used?

Chemical (Ionic)

Chemical (Hydrogen)

Chemical (Covalent)

Micro-mechanical

Well done.

Medical Emergencies SBA - MCQ #3


1. A Partial Epileptic Seizure

Is also known as a grand mal

Patient may have convulsions

Is also known as a tonic-clonic seizure

Patient may hallucinate

Well done!

2. If a patient has an epileptic seizure in the dental surgery:

They should be given a muscle relaxant like midazolam

They should have a mouth prop placed to prevent tongue biting

They should be rolled onto their side.

If they vomit, this should be wiped clear from their mouth.

Dental Dreamz


Well done! Into the recovery position, to prevent fluid aspiration

3. If an adult patient is having a prolonged seizure (status eilepticus), Midazolam may be given while waiting for the ambulance. The dose is

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

20 mg

Well done!

4. If an adult patient is having a prolonged seizure at a dental practice, Midazolam may be given:

By IM injection

By IV injection

Sub-lingually

Intra-nasally or buccally

This is the preferred route by non-specialists.

5. Hypoglycaemia is A type of unconsciousness

Low insulin levels

Low blood pressure

Low blood sugar

Well done!

6. Hypoglycaemia Is easily confused with other medical

emergencies

Occurs when the blood glucose drops below 4 mmol / litre.

Is treated by giving insulin.

Is treated by giving adrenaline

Well done!

7. A potential hypoglycaemic attack in the dental practice is diagnosed

By correctly assessing signs and symptoms

With an electronic instrument

By the failure of the patient to regain consciousness in a couple of minutes after being laid flat.

By the failure of the patient to respond to CPR

Dental Dreamz


Well done! It is a recommendation of the UK Resuscitation Council that every dental practice has a Glucose Level Monitor, as the symptoms of hypoglcaemia are easily confused with other forms of collapse.

8. An unconscious hypoglycaemic patient can be treated by giving a glucagon injection. Which of these statement is true?

It can take 30 minutes for consciousness to return.

The dose for a child is 10mg.

The patient must be given sugar on recovery.

The patient may wheeze due to fluid retention in the lungs

Well done! Glucagon is very temporary.

9. Sweating, clammy skin can be caused by:

Hypoglycaemia

Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)

Fainting (syncope)

All the above

Well done!

10. Vomiting can be caused by Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)

Adrenal Crisis

Epilepic seizure

All the above Well done!

THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS ARE CONTRIBUTED BY DR. RANI WADEKAR

1. What is the point of coronal flare preparation? 88%

- 1 To allow straight line access to the apical third - RIGHT. Well done!

- 2 To remove infected dentine from the walls of the canal - WRONG.

- 3 To create space for a tapered post - WRONG.

2. You notice the opening to a canal is very narrow. What should you do? 49%

- 1 Prepare the flare using Gates Gliddens, stepping back from a size 2 - WRONG.

- 2 Prepare the flare with a NiTi orifice shaper - WRONG.

- 3 Pre-enlarge the canal with hand files to size 35 before preparing the flare - RIGHT. Well done!

Dental Dreamz


- 4 Prepare the flare using Gates Gliddens, stepping down from a size 4 - WRONG.

3. How big is the tip of a size 4 Gates Glidden? 62%

- 1 Size 50 - WRONG.



- 4 Size 110 - RIGHT. Well done!

4. How big is the tip of a size 2 Gates Glidden? 58%


- 2 Size 70 - RIGHT. Well done!



5. Which of these is NOT true about Gates Glidden drills? 48%

- 1 If they fracture, they are easier to retrieve than Rotary NiTi files - WRONG.

- 2 They can be 'swept away' from danger areas like furcations, unlike most rotary NiTi's - WRONG.

- 3 They leave a smooth step-free surface on the canal wall - RIGHT. Well done! Extra smoothing (using the GG2) is needed after they have been used.

- 4 They are cheaper than NiTi's - WRONG.

6. Which part of an instrument is used to cut dentine when preparing a canal? 90%

- 1 The tip region - WRONG.

- 2 The sides - RIGHT.

7. Which statement is false? 63%

- 1 The crown down approach of NiTi orifice shapers reduces transportation of bacteria apically - WRONG.

- 2 Orifice shapers remove shavings with an Archimedes Screw action, aiding debris removal - RIGHT.

- 3 Orifice shapers are long (25mm), making them harder to use them on back teeth - RIGHT. Well done! They are usually 19mm

8. Which of these is NOT likely to occur in the absence of a good coronal flare? 63%

- 1 Zip perforation - WRONG.

- 2 Dentine ledge - WRONG.

- 3 Elbow - WRONG.

- 4 Wall grooving - WRONG.

- 5 Through-the-foramen Apical over-instrumentation - RIGHT. Well done!

9. What is a zip perforation? 63%

- 1 A perforation caused by the side of a file going round a curve - RIGHT. Well don!

- 2 A perforation caused by the tip of a file that was used too heavily - WRONG.

Dental Dreamz


- 3 A perforation of the pulp chamber floor, often caused by using an over-large Gates Glidden - WRONG.

- 4 A perforation of the pulp chamber floor, often caused by making the access cavity too deep - WRONG.

10, What can cause a ledge? 78%

- 1 Using a file that is too thick - WRONG.

- 2 Failure to create a proper coronal flare before exploring the apical region - RIGHT.

- 3 Using a file that is inflexible - WRONG.

- 4 Failure to irrigate and recapitulate between every instrument - WRONG.

- 5 All of these - RIGHT. Well done!

11. How far short of the anatomical apex would one normally prepare the root canal, in the absence of an alectronic apex locator? 74%

- 1 0 mm - WRONG.

- 2 0.5 mm - WRONG.

- 3 1 mm - RIGHT. Well done!

- 4 1.5 mm - WRONG.

- 5 2 mm - WRONG.

- 6 3 mm - WRONG.

12. When estimating the working length of a tooth: 65%

- 1 The estimate should be the same as the true working length - WRONG.

- 2 The estimate should err on the long side - WRONG.

- 3 The estimate should err on the short side - RIGHT. Well done!

- 4 It doesn't matter, because the canal preparation does not start until the true working length is known - WRONG. There's some truth in this if you are using an Electronic Apex Locater, but as a general rule, shorter is safer.

13. To estimate a working length: 42%

- 1 An undistorted pre-op radiograph is essential - WRONG.

- 2 Knowledge of the average lengths of teeth is sometimes enough, if the radiograph is distorted - RIGHT. Well done!

14. True or false: The Parallel radiographic technique provides an undistorted view of a tooth. 57%

- 1 True - WRONG.

- 2 False - RIGHT. Well done!

15. True or false: The Bisecting-Angle radiographic technique provides an undistorted view of a tooth 74%

- 1 True - WRONG.

- 2 False - RIGHT. Well done!

16. When estimating working length using a parallel technique radiograph, how much

Dental Dreamz


enlargement of the image is allowed for? 43%

- 1 None - WRONG.

- 2 1 mm - RIGHT. Well done! Modern long-cone x-ray machines do not cause much magnification.

- 3 2 mm - WRONG. Wrong. This may be true of older short-cone x-ray machines, but these are little used nowadays.

- 4 3 mm - WRONG. Wrong.

17. If a canal was curved away from the beam on a pre-op radiograph, how would this affect you estimated working length? 73%

- 1 It would be on the short side - RIGHT. Well done! You can't often tell if it is curved in this plane, but the error is on the safe side (i.e. too short)

- 2 It would have no effect - WRONG.

- 3 It would be on the long side - WRONG.

18. When estimating working length from your knowledge of average lengths of teeth and a bisecting-angle radiograph, which of these would you NOT make an allowance for? 39%

- 1 Apical root resorption - WRONG.

- 2 Incisal wear - WRONG.

- 3 Incisal fracture - WRONG.

- 4 Canal calculi (pulp stones) - RIGHT.

- 5 Elongation or foreshortening on the radiograph - WRONG.

19. Which of these is the usual reference point for a molar? 90%

- 1 The pulp floor - WRONG.

- 2 A cusp tip - RIGHT. Well done!

- 3 A rubber stop - WRONG.

- 4 A graduated 'seeker' file - WRONG.

20. To obtain the estimated working length from a Parallel technique radiograph, one subtracts how much from the tooth image's length? 39%

- 1 0 mm - WRONG.

- 2 1 mm - RIGHT. Well done. 1 to 2 is OK

- 3 2 mm - RIGHT. Well done. 1 to 2 is OK

- 4 3 mm - RIGHT. Wrong. This used to be true, but EALs and long-cone xray machines have changed all

21. For canines, it is usually safe to introduce a file: 49%

- 1 16 mm - WRONG.

- 2 18 mm - WRONG.


- 4 22 mm - WRONG.

22. For all other teeth (not canines), it is usually safe to introduce a file 72%

- 1 16 mm - WRONG.

Dental Dreamz



- 3 20 mm - WRONG.

- 4 22 mm - WRONG.

23. A tooth has apical root resorbtion. When judging the working length, the foramen will probably be: 55%

- 1 1 mm short of the apex (on average) - WRONG.

- 2 More than this - WRONG.

- 3 Less than this - RIGHT. Well done! The foramen stays in the same place while the tooth gets shorter

24. The true working length is determined with an apex locator and a size 8 or 10 file: 71%

- 1 After access to the canal orifice has been made - WRONG.

- 2 After the coronal 2/3rds has been shaped - RIGHT. Well done!

- 3 After the apical 1/3rd has been shaped - WRONG.

25. The true working length is confirmed with a radiograph using a 62%

- 1size 8 file - WRONG.

- 2size10 file - WRONG.

- 3 size 15 file - RIGHT. Well done! Sometimes a thick root (like an upper central incisor) needs a size 20 to show up on the radiograph.

- 4 size 25 file - WRONG.

26. The file should be repositioned and a new working length radiograph taken if it is short of the true working length by: 53%

- 1 1 mm - WRONG.

- 2 2 mm - WRONG.

- 3 3 mm - RIGHT. Well done! Radiographic distortion comes into play when you are this much out. However, a good EAL reading may reduce the need for repeat films.

- 4 4 mm - WRONG.

- 5 5 mm - WRONG.

27. A W.L. radiograph has a file inserted 17 mm. It is 2.5 mm short of the anatomical apex. You do not have an EAL. What is the true working length? 74%

- 1 17 mm - WRONG.

- 2 18 mm - WRONG.

- 3 18.5 mm - RIGHT. Well done!

- 4 19 mm - WRONG.

- 5 19.5 mm - WRONG.

- 6 20.5 mm - WRONG.

28. With a multi-canal tooth: 42%

- 1Each root requires a separate W.L. radiograph - WRONG.

Dental Dreamz


- 2 All roots should be measured on one radiograph, using their nearest cusp (if possible) as a landmark - WRONG.

- 3 All roots should be measured on one radiograph, using the same cusp (if possible) as a landmark - RIGHT. Well done! (but not always possible)

29. Which of these would NOT sometimes give a false reading on an electronic apex locator? 38%

- 1 Lateral canal - WRONG.

- 2 Root fracture - WRONG.

- 3 Contact with metal restoration - WRONG.

- 4 Fluid in canal - WRONG.

- 5 Canal calculus (Pulp stone) - RIGHT.

30. In endodontics, what level of accuracy is reasonably achievable with good technique? 23%

- 1 0.1 mm - WRONG.

- 2 0.25 mm - RIGHT. Well done!

- 3 0.5 mm - WRONG.

- 4 1 mm - WRONG.

- 5 1.5 mm - WRONG

31. What is mant by 'Friction Fit' ? 58%

- 1 A gentle resistance to withdrawl of the master cone - RIGHT. Well done!

- 2 A firm resistance to withdrawl of the master cone - WRONG.

- 3 A good fit of the master cone in the apical third of the canal - WRONG.

32. What is meant by 'Tug Back' ? 57%

- 1 A gentle resistance to withdrawl of the master cone - WRONG.

- 2 A firm resistance to withdrawl of the master cone - RIGHT. Well done! Tug back is a very strong form of friction fit

- 3 A good fit of the master cone in the apical third of the canal - WRONG.

33. What is the taper of a standard GP cone ? 84%

- 1 0% - WRONG.

- 2 1% - WRONG.

- 3 2% - RIGHT. Well done!

- 4 5% - WRONG.

- 5 10% - WRONG.

34. You have prepared the apical 1mm of a canal with a size 30 Master File. What size master point would you expect to fit ? 77%


- 2 Slightly less than size 30 - WRONG.


- 4 Slightly more than size 30 - RIGHT. Well done! The Master File is used until it is

Dental Dreamz


loose, so the apical diameter is slightly more than the file size.

35. What is the ISO colour code for size 25? 84%

- 1 White - WRONG.

- 2 Yellow - WRONG.

- 3 Red - RIGHT. Well done!

- 4 Blue - WRONG.

- 5 Green - WRONG.

- 6 Black - WRONG.

36. You have trimmed 1 mm off a standard size 30 cone, and found it is now a friction fit in the apical region of a canal you prepared. What is the diameter of your apical region preparation? 59%

- 1 0.28 mm (size 28) - WRONG.

- 2 0.29 mm (size 29) - WRONG.

- 3 0.30 mm (size 30) - WRONG.

- 4 0.31 mm (size 31) - WRONG.

- 5 0.32 mm (size 32) - RIGHT. Well done!

37. How wide is the tip of a size 20 master cone ? 87%

- 1 0.02 mm - WRONG.

- 2 0.2 mm - RIGHT.

- 3 2 mm - WRONG.

- 4 20 mm - WRONG.

38. You have prepared an apical region to size 25. What is the first cone you would try in ? 51%

- 1 size 20 - WRONG.


- 3 size 30 - RIGHT. Well done!


39. If a canal is prepared to a 5% taper, why not use a 5% master cone instead of the standard 2% when obturating by cold lateral condensation? 67%

- 1 Cold lateral condensation would be very difficult - RIGHT. Well done!

- 2 Sealant would be expressed through the apex - RIGHT.

- 3 It would be too rigid to negotiate curved canals - WRONG.

- 4 They are very expensive - WRONG.

40. Recommended master cone sizes for Upper Central Incisors fall in the range of: 61%

- 1 sizes 8 to 15 - WRONG.


- 3 sizes 35 to 60 - RIGHT. Well done! There is of course natural variation, with calcified canals or open immature apices.


Dental Dreamz


41. Which statement is true about an apical seat? 80%

- 1 The master cone will go further than the working length - WRONG.

- 2 The master cone stops at working length, but smaller ones go further - RIGHT. Well done!

- 3 The master cone, and smaller ones, all stop at the working length - WRONG.

- 4 The master cone will not reach the working length - WRONG.

42. Standard files have a 2% taper. What is the percentage taper you create when you 'step back' by 1mm per file? 63%

- 1 1% - WRONG.

- 2 2% - WRONG.

- 3 4% - WRONG.

- 4 5% - RIGHT. Well done!

- 5 10% - WRONG.

43. When checking the taper of a prepared canal with a finger spreader, how far would you insert the instrument? 78%

- 1 To the apex - WRONG.

- 2 To the working length - WRONG.

- 3 To 1 mm short of the working length - RIGHT. Well done!

- 4 2/3rds down the root - WRONG.

44. When checking that the taper is adequate, and that lateral condensation is possible, you should: 54%

- 1 Place the Master Cone, then check the spreader reaches the desired length alongside it - WRONG.

- 2 Place the spreader into the empty canal - RIGHT. Well done!

45, Approximately how much sealer paste would you place on the Master Cone prior to inserting it? 58%

- 1 The length of the canal - WRONG.

- 2 The length of the tooth - WRONG.

- 3 5mm - RIGHT. Well done!

- 4 2 mm - WRONG.

- 5 1 mm - WRONG.

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