1. Stakeholder Analysis in Territorial Intelligence in Digital Governance Jing SHIANG, Ph.D. Professor/Chair Dept. of Public Management and Policy Tunghai University TAIWAN

2. Background

The territory is not considered any more as a natural framework, and as a construction of the actors.

Territory is a space of significant relations.[DUMAS, 2004].

3. Background

This means a process through which territorial residents and actors are invited to relate their concerns, ideas, values, and issues related to the development taking place within it.

4. Background

Developing effective and sustainable community projects requires full participation of civil society in both determining strategies and implementing them.

5. Background

In human communities project development, to accelerate innovation at various levels, effective collaboration between and among stakeholders is thus required.

6. Background

Territorial actors therefore need to collaborate to pull their knowledge and resources together to find better ways of developing their territories.

7. The Importance of Stakeholders

Due to various interdependency between and among various individuals and entities within the territory, successful territorial development depends on the identification and understanding of different stakeholders and their interests.

8. The Importance of Stakeholders

Stakeholders are key individuals and entities that influence or are influenced by the territorial development processes.

9. E-Governance

E-governance is the use of ICT to improve the ability of government to address the needs of a territory.

It includes movement of governments online to electronically deliver their services and programs, provide government information, and interact with territorial actors.

10. E-Governance

It also includes the formation of new relationships among more catholic range of territorial actors, including private sector along with residents and other levels of governments, and interactions between and among them.

11. E-Governance

It is a wider construct that defines and assesses the impacts that technologies have on the practice and administration of governments and the relationships between and among territorial actors.

12. E-Governance

Territorial actors include public servants, elected bodies and outside groups, such as not-for-profit organizations, NGOs or private sector corporate entities.

13. E-Governance

The purposes of e-governance is to establish interactions between government and citizens (G2C), to encourage governmental service integration (G2G), and to establish more efficient relationships between government and commercial companies (G2G).

14. E-Governance

Therefore, in e-governance, the focus of attention should not merely be on the e-service provision but rather more on the key multi-stakeholders in the territory.

15. Stakeholders (key territorial actors) in E-governance

residents

public service providers

enterprises and social organizations

other public agencies

information system and information technology (IS/IT) specialists

special interest groups

information intermediaries

16. Changes in Stakeholder Relationships in E-governance (in general)

Positive -- More openness, more power, more participation, less inequality, and closer relationships.

17. Changes in Stakeholder Relationships in E-governance (in general)

Negative -- technologies controlled by the ones already with power, ICT making powers more concentrated, making political leaders further dominate and monopolize information.

18. Changes in Stakeholder Relationships in E-governance (in general)

Negative -- advanced electronic technologies are beneficial to bureaucracy, thus enlarge inequity between information-provider and information-receiver, and therefore worsen the rifts between individuals and bureaucrats.

19. Changes in Stakeholder Relationships in E-governance (in general)

Other -- the need and importance of information agents as intermediaries between government and other stakeholders have decreased and have been intentionally reduced by certain public agencies.

20. Changes in Stakeholder Relationships in E-governance (in general)

Other -- some public agencies now rely more on special interest groups.

21. Stakeholder Analysis in Territorial Development

In the new era of e-governance, a framework of governmental relationships with key territorial actors has yet to be developed to help improving stakeholder relationships and realizing good governance.

22. Stakeholder Analysis in Territorial Development

Before this framework can be developed, a more specific analysis of how the relationships with various stakeholders have evolved must proceed.The analysis can be done in the following dimensions.

23. Dimensions for Analysis of Stakeholder Relationship

Cooperation -- potential for threat and potential for cooperation

Partnerships and Collaboration

Conflicts

Power Relationships

24. Power Relationships before Major Change government (7)information intermediaries government (6) special interest groups government (5) IS/IT specialists government (4) other public agencies government (3) enterprises and social organizations government (2) public service providers government (1) residents focus entity 6 5 4 3 2 1 stakeholder 25. Power Relationships after Major Change government (7)information intermediaries government (6) special interest groups government (5) IS/IT specialists government (4) other public agencies government (3) enterprises and social organizations government (2) public service providers government (1) residents focus entity 6 5 4 3 2 1 stakeholder 26. A Framework for Change and Adaptation of Stakeholder Relationship

With this construct, change and adaptation of various stakeholder relationships in territorial development can be closely scrutinized and monitored, and efforts can be put into establishing and improving such relationships for territorial intelligence.

27. Thank you for your attention! Please comment and question.