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Module 2: The Data Dictionary/Directory

After completing this module, you will be able to:

Summarize information contained in the Data Dictionary/Directory tables.

Differentiate between restricted and unrestricted views.

Use the supplied Data Dictionary/Directory views to retrieveinformation about created objects.

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Data Dictionary / Directory

DBC

Sys_Calendar SysAdmin SystemFECrashdumps SYSDBA

Data Dictionary / Directory Tables

Object definitionsSystem event logsSystem message tableJournals and Restart control tablesAccounting information

Access control tables

Views of DD/D Tables

AdministrativeSecuritySupervisoryEnd UserOperational

Macros

Add calculation sequenceGenerate utilization reportsReset accounting valuesAuthorize secured functions

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Fallback Protected DD/D Tables

AccessRightsUsers Rights on objects

AccLogRuleTblSpecifies events to be logged

AccLogTblLogged User-Object events

AccountsAccount Codes by user

ALL(Dummy ) Represents al l tables

ConstraintNames DBaseDatabase and User Profiles

DBCInfoTblSoftware Release & Version

DatabaseSpaceStores disk usage information

IndexesDefines indexes on tables

OwnersHierarchy (Downward)

RCEventArchive/Recovery events

SW_Event_LogDatabase Console Log

TableConstraints

Table Constraints

ErrorMsgsMessage Codes and text

LogonRuleTblUsers Rights on objects

ParentsHierarchy (Upward)

RCMediaVolume/Serial # - ARC facility

RolesDefined Roles

SysSecDefaultsLogon security options

TempTables

Materialized Temporary Tables

EventLogSession logon/logoff history

NextInternal ID for next create

ProfilesUsers and logon attributes

ResUsageResource Usage tables

RoleGrantsUsers/Roles assigned to Roles

TVFieldsTable/View column description

Translation

National Character Support

HostsTo override default char. sets

OldPasswordsEncoded password history

RCConfigurationArchive/Recovery Config

ReferencedTblsReferential Integrity (PK)

SessionTblCurrent logon information

TVMTables, Views and Macros

TriggersTbl

Stores trigger information

ReferencingTblsReferential Integrity (FK)

(Partial list of Data Dictionary tables in V2R5)

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Non-Hashed Data Dictionary Tables

AcctgResource usage by user/account

ChangedRowJournalDown-AMP Recovery Journal

DatabaseSpaceDatabase and Table space accounting

LocalSessionStatusLast request status by AMP

LocalTransactionStatusLast TXN Consensus status

OrdSysChngTableTable-level recovery

RecoveryLockTableRecovery session locks

RecoveryPJTablePermanent Journal recovery

SavedTransactionStatusAMP recovery table

SysRcvStatJournalRecovery, reconfig, startup information

TransientJournalBack out uncommitted transactions

UtilityLockJournalTableHost Utility Lock records

AMP AMP AMP AMP

Virtual AMP Cluster

PRIMARY ROW FALLBACK ROW

AMP LOCAL ROW AMP LOCAL ROW AMP LOCAL ROW AMP LOCAL ROW

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Updating Data Dictionary Tables

EXPLAIN CREATE TABLE Orders

( order_id INTEGER NOT NULL, order_date DATE FORMAT 'yyyy-mm-dd', cust_id INTEGER )

UNIQUE PRIMARY INDEX (order_id);--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1) First, we lock TFACT.Orders for exclusive use.2) Next, we lock a distinct DBC."pseudo table" for write on a RowHash for deadlock prevention, we

lock a distinct DBC."pseudo table" for write on a RowHash for deadlock prevention, we lock adistinct DBC."pseudo table" for read on a RowHash for deadlock prevention, and we lock a distinctDBC."pseudo table" for write on a RowHash for deadlock prevention.

3) We lock DBC.AccessRights for write on a RowHash, we lock DBC.TVFields for write on a RowHash,we lock DBC.TVM for write on a RowHash, we lock DBC.DBase for read on a RowHash, and we lockDBC.Indexes for write on a RowHash.

4) We execute the following steps in parallel.1) We do a single-AMP ABORT test from DBC.DBase by way of the unique primary index.2) We do a single-AMP ABORT test from DBC.TVM by way of the unique primary index with no

residual conditions.3) We do an INSERT into DBC.TVFields (no lock required).4) We do an INSERT into DBC.TVFields (no lock required).5) We do an INSERT into DBC.TVFields (no lock required).6) We do an INSERT into DBC.Indexes (no lock required).7) We do an INSERT into DBC.TVM (no lock required).8) We INSERT default rights to DBC.AccessRights for TFACT.Orders.

5) We create the table header.6) Finally, we send out an END TRANSACTION step to all AMPs involved in processing the request.-> No rows are returned to the user as the result of statement 1.

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System Views

Clarify tables Re-title tables and/or columns. Reorder and format columns. Compute (derive) new column data.

Simply operations Supply join operation syntax. Select and project relevant rows and columns.

Limit access to data Exclude certain rows and/or columns from selection. Limit update to selected table rows and/or columns.

Reduce maintenance When you add or drop columns, applications are not affected (unless a view

references a dropped column). You can drop and recreate tables without affecting access rights granted to views.

Applications

SystemViews

DictionaryTABLE

Utilities

CoordinatedProducts

DictionaryTABLE

DictionaryTABLE

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Supplied Dictionary Views

ADMINISTRATOR

SECURITY ADMINISTRATOR

SUPERVISORY USERS

END USERS

OPERATIONS CONTROL

Supplied DD/DViews

DictionaryTABLE

DictionaryTABLE

Dictionary

TABLE

Views are representations of data derived from tables.

View definitions are stored in DBC.TVM.

View column information is stored in DBC.TVFields.

DIP scripts install the dictionary views.

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Restricted Views

These views limit the scope of what a user can access in the DD/D.

Views with an [X] suffix typically make the following three tests beforereturning information to the user:

View used with suffix [x]Where the user owns the

selected objects

Where the user holdscertain rights on the

selected objects

Where the user is theselected object

DataDictionary

Tables

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Using Restricted Views

Views with an [x] suffix return information only on objects that the

requesting user:

Owns, or Has privileges on

The following query returns information about ALL parents and children

recorded in the underlying dictionary table:

SELECT Child, ParentFROM DBC.Children;

The restricted [x] version of this view selects only information on objects

owned by the executing user or that the requesting user has access to:

SELECT Child, ParentFROM DBC.ChildrenX;

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Selecting Information about Created Objects

DBC.Children[X] Hierarchical relationship information.

DBC.Databases[X] Database, user and immediate parent information.

DBC.Users Similar to Databases view, but includes columns specific to users.

DBC.Tables[X] Tables, views, macros, triggers, and stored procedures information.

DBC. ShowTblChecks Database table constraint information.

DBC.ShowColChecks Database column constraint information.

DBC.Columns[X] Information about columns in tables and views, and parameters in macros.

DBC.Indices[X] Table index information.

DBC.IndexConstraints (V2R5) - Provides information about index constraints, e.g., PPI definition.

DBC.AllTempTables Information about all global temporary tables materialized in the system.

DBC.Triggers Information about event-driven, specialized procedures attached to a singletable and stored in the database.

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Databases View

SELECT DatabaseName (CHAR(10)) AS "Name",CreatorName (CHAR(10)) AS "Creator",CreateTimeStamp

,PermSpace (FORMAT 'zzz,zz9,999'),DBKind

FROM DBC.DatabasesWHERE DatabaseName LIKE 'TFACT%'ORDER BY 1;

Provides information about databases and users.

Example Results:

Example:For databases/users witha name of tfact%, find

the creator name, when itwas created, its max perm

space, and the type(database or user).

DBC.Databases[X]

DatabaseName CreatorName OwnerName AccountName

ProtectionType JournalFlag PermSpace SpoolSpace

TempSpace CommentString CreateTimeStamp LastAlterName

LastAlterTimeStamp DBKind AccessCount ** LastAccessTimeCount **

** Optional use in V2R5.1

Name Creator CreateTimeStamp PermSpace DBKind

TFACT DBC 2003-05-05 19:36:21 20,000,000 Dtfact01 Sysdba 2003-05-05 19:36:49 10,000,000 U

tfact02 Sysdba 2003-05-05 19:36:52 10,000,000 Utfact03 Sysdba 2003-05-05 19:36:55 10,000,000 U

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Tables View

SELECT TRIM(DatabaseName) || '.' || TableNameAS "Qualified Name"

,TableKindFROM DBC.TablesWHERE TableName LIKE '%rights%'

ORDER BY 1, 2 ;

Provides information about tables, views, macros, journals, join indexes, hash

indexes, triggers, and stored procedures.

Example Results:

Example:List all tables, views ormacros that contain thecharacters rights in

their name.

Qualified Name TableKind

DBC.AccessRights TDBC.AllRights VDBC.AllRoleRights VDBC.UserGrantedRights V

DBC.UserRights VDBC.UserRoleRights V

DBC.Tables[X]

DataBaseName TableName Version TableKind

ProtectionType JournalFlag CreatorName RequestText

CommentString ParentCount ChildCount NamedTblCheckCount

UnnamedTblCheckExist PrimaryKeyIndexId CreateTimeStamp LastAlterNameLastAlterTimeStamp RequestTxtOverFlow AccessCount ** LastAccessTimeCount **


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Tables2 View

SELECT TVMName (CHAR(10)),TVMId,DatabaseId,ParentCount,ChildCount

FROM DBC.Tables2WHERE TVMName = 'Employee'AND ParentCount > 0;

Provides ID definition information about tables and the number of tables to

which they refer and are referenced.

Example Results:

Example:Display table IDinformation about tablesnamed Employee andwith a parent count

greater than 0.

DBC.Tables2

TVMName TVMId DatabaseId ParentCountChildCount

TVMName TVMId DatabaseId ParentCount ChildCount

EMPLOYEE 0000383E0000 00006804 3 3

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ShowTblChecks View

SELECT TableName (CHAR(10)),CheckName (CHAR(10)),TblCheck

FROM DBC.ShowTblChecksWHERE DatabaseName = 'TFACT';

Provides information about check constraints at the table level and named

column constraints.

Example Results:

Example:Display table constraintinformation.

DBC.ShowTblChecks

DatabaseName TableName CheckName TblCheckCreatorName CreateTimeStamp

TableName CheckName TblCheck

DEPARTMENT Dept_Chk1 CONSTRAINT "Dept_Chk1" CHECK ( "Dept_nu

EMPLOYEE Emp_Chk1 CONSTRAINT "Emp_Chk1" CHECK ( "Employe

JOB ? CHECK ( "Job_code" >= 3000 )

Note: The first two are named constraints and the third is an unnamedconstraint. All three of these constraints were created at the table level.

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ShowColChecks View

SELECT TableName (CHAR(10)),ColumnName (CHAR(10)),ColCheck

FROM DBC.ShowColChecksWHERE DatabaseName = 'TFACT';

Provides information about unnamed column check constraints.

Example Results:

Example:Show information aboutcolumn constraints for adatabase.

DBC.ShowColChecks

DatabaseName TableName ColumnName ColCheckCreatorName CreateTimeStamp

Note: A second set of Employee, Department, and Job tables were created withunnamed CHECK constraints at the column level.

TableName ColumnName ColCheck

EMP_2 employee_number CHECK ( "employee_number" >= 100000 )DEPT_2 dept_number CHECK ( "dept_number" >= 1000 )JOB_2 job_code CHECK ( job_code" >= 3000 )

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Columns View

SELECT ColumnName, ColumnFormat, DefaultValueFROM DBC.ColumnsWHERE DatabaseName = 'DBC'

AND TableName = 'ResCPUbyAMP' ;

Provides information about columns in tables and views, and parameters in macros andstored procedures.

Example Results:

Example:Use this view to show theparameters of the

DBC.ResCPUbyAMPmacro.

DBC.Columns[X]

DatabaseName TableName ColumnName ColumnFormatColumnTitle SPParameterType ColumnType ColumnLengthDefaultValue Nullable CommentString DecimalTotalDigitsDecimalFractionalDigits ColumnId UpperCaseFlag CompressibleCompressValue ColumnConstraint ConstraintCount CreatorName

CreateTimeStamp LastAlterName LastAlterTimeStamp CharTypeIdColType (V2R5) AccessCount ** LastAccessTimeStamp ** CompressValueList (V2R5)


ColumnName ColumnFormat DefaultValue

FromDate YYYY-MM-DD DateFromNode X(6) '000-00'FromTime 99:99:99 0.00000000000000E000ToTime 99:99:99 9.99999000000000E005

ToDate YYYY-MM-DD DateToNode X(6) '999-99'

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Indices View

Provides information about each indexed column defined for each table.

SELECT ColumnName (CHAR(15)) AS "Column Name",UniqueFlag AS "Unique",IndexType AS "Type",IndexName AS "Name",IndexNumber AS "IndNo",ColumnPosition AS "ColPos"

FROM DBC.IndicesWHERE TableName = 'Emp_Phone'AND DatabaseName = DATABASEORDER BY IndNo, ColPos ;

Example Results:

Example:Select information aboutthe Employee Phone tableindices in the currentdatabase.

DBC.Indices

DatabaseName TableName IndexNumber IndexTypeUniqueFlag IndexName ColumnName ColumnPositionCreatorName CreateTimeStamp LastAlterName LastAlterTimeStampIndexMode (V2R5) AccessCount** LastAccessTimeStamp**


Column Name Unique Type Name IndNo ColPos

employee_number N P ? 1 1

area_code N S ac_phone 4 1phone_number N S ac_phone 4 2

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Indices View (Second Example)

Example Results:

Example:

Select informationabout the Departmenttable indices in thecurrent database.

SELECT ColumnName (CHAR(15)) AS "Column Name"

,UniqueFlag AS "Unique",IndexType AS "Type",IndexName AS "Name",IndexNumber AS "IndNo",ColumnPosition AS "ColPos"

FROM DBC.IndicesWHERE TableName = 'Department'

AND DatabaseName = DATABASEORDER BY IndNo, ColPos ;

Column Name Unique Type Name IndNo ColPos

dept_number Y P ? 1 1dept_name Y U ? 4 1

dept_number N J ? 8 1dept_name N J ? 8 2dept_mgr_number N J ? 8 3

SQL of how this Join Index was created:

CREATE JOIN INDEX Dept_JnIx AS SELECT dept_number, dept_name, dept_mgr_number

FROM DepartmentPRIMARY INDEX (dept_mgr_number);

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IndexConstraints View

Provides information about partitioned primary index constraints.

This view only displays tables with an index constraint type of "Q".

Q indicates a table with a PPI

SELECT TableName AS "Table Name",ConstraintText AS "Constraint Text"

FROM DBC.IndexConstraints

WHERE DatabaseName = DATABASE;

Example Results:

Example:List all of the partitioningexpression constraints

for all tables in thecurrent database.

DBC.IndexConstraints

DatabaseName TableName IndexName IndexNumberConstraintType ConstraintText ConstraintCollation CollationNameCreatorName CreateTimeStamp

Table Name Constraint Text

Sales_History CHECK ((RANGE_N("sales_date" BETWEEN ...Store_Sales CHECK ((store_id ) BETWEEN 1 and 65535)

Store_Item CHECK ((((store_id - 1000)* 1000) + (item_id - Store_Revenue CHECK ((CASE_N(total_revenue < 2000, ...

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AllTempTables View

SELECT HostNo,SessionNo,UserName (CHAR(10)),B_DatabaseName

AS "DataBase",B_TableName AS "Table Name"

FROM DBC.AllTempTables;

Provides information about all global temporary tables materialized in the

system.

Example Results:

Example:Show all temporary tablesmaterialized in thesystem.

DBC.AllTempTables[X]

HostNo SessionNo UserName B_DatabaseNameB_TableName E_TableID

HostNo SessionNo UserName Database Table Name

01 20887 TFACT02 PD GT_DEPTSALARY01 20908 TFACT01 PD GT_DEPTSALARY

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Time Stamps in Data Dictionary

SELECT TRIM(DatabaseName) || '.' || TableNameAS "Qualified Name"

,LastAlterName AS "User Name",LastAlterTimeStamp AS "Last Alter Date & Time"

FROM DBC.TablesWHERE EXTRACT (YEAR FROM LastAlterTimeStamp) = 2003AND EXTRACT (MONTH FROM LastAlterTimeStamp) = 6

ORDER BY 1, 2 ;

Teradata RDMS features a time stamp in the Data Dictionary tables.

CreateTimeStamp, CreatorName, LastAlterTimeStamp, LastAlterName

This feature can help system administration tasks by providing a means toidentify objects recently updated, obsolete objects, etc. and who altered theobjects.

Example Results:

Example:List all tables that havebeen altered in June of2003.

Qualified Name User Name Last Alter Date & Time

DS.Sales_History tfact03 2003-06-21 10:04:04

PD.Department tfact04 2003-06-10 08:23:32

PD.Employee tfact04 2003-06-10 09:41:18PD.Job tfact04 2003-06-10 09:43:56

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Teradata Administrator

List Columns of a View

Appendix E ofthis manualcontains a listingof all the DD/Dviews andcolumns for

Teradata V2R5.1.

Teradata Administrator can be used to list the columns of DD/D views (and tables).

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Teradata Administrator

Object Options

TeradataAdministrator canalso be used todisplay object details.

For example, right-

click on the object(e.g., Departmenttable) and a menu ofoptions is displayed.

In this example, theIndexes option was

selected.

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Review Questions

1. True or False. The DBC.Databases view only contains information about databases;users are not included in this view.

2. True or False. The DBC.Users view only contains information about users;databases are not included in this view.

3. True or False. Queries that use restricted views usually take less time to executethan queries that use unrestricted views.

4. True or False. All of the data dictionary tables are Fallback protected.

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Module 2: Review Question Answers

1. True orFalse. The DBC.Databases view only contains information about databases;users are not included in this view.

2. Trueor False. The DBC.Users view only contains information about users;databases are not included in this view.

3. True orFalse. Queries that use restricted views usually take less time to executethan queries that use unrestricted views.

4. True orFalse. All of the data dictionary tables are Fallback protected.

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Lab Exercises

Lab Exercise 2-1

Purpose

In this lab, you will use BTEQ or SQL Assistant to view information in the data dictionary using variousData Dictionary views (use Appendix E for the most accurate view information).

What you need

SELECT Access to the Data Dictionary views.

Tasks

1. Using the DBC.DBCInfo view, find the release and version of the system on which you are logged on:

Release ___________________ Version ___________________

2. Using the DBC.Children view, list your parents user names.

___________________ __________________ ___________________ ___________________

3. Using the DBC.Databases view, find your:

Immediate parents name ________________Creators name ________________Default account code ________________Perm space limit ________________

Spool space limit ________________Temp space limit ________________

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Lab Exercises

Lab Exercise 2-1 (cont.)

Tasks

4. Using the DBC.Users view, find your:

Default database name _________________Default collation sequence _________________Default date format _________________Create time stamp _________________

Last password modification date _________________

OPTIONAL: SHOW this view. Note the WHERE conditions. (Remember, this is a restricted view, eventhough it does not have an [X] suffix.)

5. Using the DBC.Tables view, find the number of tables in the DD/D (User DBC) that are:

Fallback protected __________________

Not Fallback protected __________________

Modify the query to find the number of tables OTHER THAN DD/D that are:

Fallback protected __________________

Not Fallback protected __________________

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Lab Exercises

Lab Exercise 2-1

Tasks

6. Using the DBC.Columns view, find the number of columns in the entire system defined with defaultvalues:

Number of columns _________________

OPTIONAL: Modify the query to find the number of tables that have columns defined with defaultvalues:

Number of tables _________________

7. Using the Indices view, find the number of tables OTHER THAN Dictionary tables that have non-uniqueprimary indexes (NUPI):

Number of tables _________________

OPTIONAL: Modify the query to list the DatabaseName and NUPI count for each database that starts

with the letter T.

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Lab Solutions for Lab 2-1

Lab Exercise 2-1

1. Using the DBC.DBCInfo view, find the release and version of the system on which you are logged on:

SELECT *FROM DBC.DBCInfo ;

InfoKey InfoDataVERSION 05.00.00.12RELEASE V2R.05.00.00.11

2. Using the DBC.Children view, list your parents userids:

SELECT ParentFROM DBC.ChildrenWHERE Child = USER;

ParentDBCSYSDBATeradata_FactoryLJC_Students

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3. Using the DBC.Databases view, find your:

SELECT *FROM DBC.DatabasesWHERE Databasename = USER ;

Immediate parents name LJC_Students

Creators name LJC_StudentsDefault account code $M_9038Perm space limit 15,000,000Spool space limit 200,000,000Temp space limit 100,000,000

4. Using the DBC.Users view, find your:

SELECT *FROM DBC.UsersWHERE UserName = USER ;

Default database name ?Default collation sequence HDefault date format ?

Create Time Stamp 2003-04-28 14:22:05Last password modification date 2003-04-28

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4. OPTIONAL: SHOW this view. Note the WHERE conditions. (Remember, this is a restricted view, eventhough it does not have an [X] suffix.)

REPLACE VIEW DBC.UsersAS SELECT

dbase.DatabaseName(NAMED UserName),dbase.CreatorName,

...

5. Using the DBC.Tables view, find the number of tables in the DD/D (User DBC) that are:

Fallback protected Count is 92

SELECT Count(*)FROM DBC.Tables

WHERE DatabaseName = 'DBC'AND TableKind = 'T' AND ProtectionType = 'F';

Not Fallback protected Count is 12

SELECT Count(*)FROM DBC.TablesWHERE DatabaseName = 'DBC'

AND TableKind = 'T' AND ProtectionType = 'N';

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5. OPTIONAL: Modify the query to find the number of tables OTHER THAN DD/D that are:

Fallback protected Count will vary - 564

SELECT Count(*)FROM DBC.TablesWHERE DatabaseName NE 'DBC'

AND TableKind = 'T'AND ProtectionType = 'F';

Not Fallback protected Count will vary - 6669

SELECT Count(*)FROM DBC.TablesWHERE DatabaseName NE 'DBC'

AND TableKind = 'T'AND ProtectionType = 'N';

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7. Using the Indices view, find the number of tables OTHER THAN Dictionary tables that have non-uniqueprimary indexes (NUPI):

Number of tables Count will vary - 2560

SELECT COUNT (DISTINCT(DatabaseName || TableName))

FROM DBC.IndicesWHERE IndexType IN ('P', 'Q')AND UniqueFlag = 'N'AND DatabaseName NE 'DBC';

Count(Distinct(TableName))2560

Note: The IndexType of 'P' is used for the primary index of non-partitioned tables.The IndexType of 'Q' is used for the primary index of partitioned tables.

L b S l ti f L b 2 1

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7. OPTIONAL: Modify the query to list the DatabaseName and NUPI count for each database that startswith the letter T.

SELECT DatabaseName,COUNT (DISTINCT(TableName)) AS "Total NUPI Tables"

FROM DBC.IndicesWHERE IndexType IN ('P', 'Q')

AND UniqueFlag = 'N'AND DatabaseName LIKE 'T%'GROUP BY 1ORDER BY 2 DESC;

DatabaseName Total NUPI Tablestljc02 6tljc08 5tljc09 4tljc15 4tljc13 4

Note: The IndexType of 'P' is used for the primary index of non-partitioned tables.The IndexType of 'Q' is used for the primary index of partitioned tables.

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