B6 revisionMUST be able to revise key concepts

MUST be able to answer practice questions

SHOULD be able to identify areas for your own revision

 

STARTER

• Complete the definitions for these

keywords sheet

• Stimulus

• Receptor

• Sensory neuron

• Central nervous system

• Motor neuron

• Effector

• Response

 

Reflexes

•  Are always involuntary – they are

automatic

• Why are reflexes important to survival?

• They increase chances of survival

 

Receptors

• These allow the body to detect stimuli 

(changes in the environment)

• E.g. Light receptors at the back of the eye

• Stimulus Receptor

Change inlight

 

How information is carried to and from your brain

Sensory neurones carry impulsesfrom your receptors to your brain

Motor neurones carry impulsesfrom your brain to your muscles

•Nerve fibres need to be very long because theycarry information to and from your brain.

•These fibres are parts of cells called neurones.

Stimulus Receptor Sensory Neurone CNS

Motor Neurone Effector Response

 

2. Parts of a Nerve cell (Neuron)

 

3. Complete the missing words:

Receptor

Cell

Cell

 

Nerveimpulse

Axon of sensoryneuron

Next Neuron

1. The nerve signal is transferred by chemicals calledneurotransmitters which diffuse across the gap and bind tospecial receptors on the 2nd neuron.

2. These neurotransmitters then set off a new electricalsignal in the next neuron

3. The neurotransmitters are then reabsorbed by the 1st neuron, ready for the next impulse.

animation IB6.2

 

3. How does a synapse work?

Synapse is this gap!

How does the signal ‘jump’? 

 

Complex animals – Larger Brains

• Made of billions of neurons

• Different areas carry out different functions

The cerebral cortex is the part of the

brain responsible for intelligence,

language, memory and consciousness 

 

The brain allows learning by experience andconscious thought.

Learning involves linking neurons together tomake new pathways, Larger brains are able tolink up more pathways. The ability to learnbestows a survival advantage.

Learning

 

What is memory?

= the storage and retrieval of information

Short term memory – lasts for about 30 secs

Long term memory – you need this to rememberwords. Stored information can last a lifetime

 

Models of memory

•  A way to explain how memory works

• The multi-store model

 

 Answer quiz questions in pairs

Prize for the winner!!

 

B6: Brain and MindNervoussystem

Learning

Brain

Stimulus

Receptor

Sensoryneurone

CNS

Motorneurone

Effector

ResponseSynapses

Reflexes

Conditionedreflexes

Increasesurvival

Simplereflexes

Impulse through relayneurone in CNS

Neurotransmittersbind to receptor

molecules

Drugs affecttransmission

MDMA blocks serotoninremoval sites

Neural pathways arestrengthened

Some skills onlydevelop at certainages

Cerebral cortex:intelligence,

memory,language,

consciousness

Short term & longterm memory

Repeatedinfo

Strongstimuli

e.g. talking

e.g. newborn babysuckling