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Objectives: Backgrounds: Proposed Solution: Potential Impact: 0.1 PU MTC 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 MTC Rating Active Mobile Substations Babak Parkhideh, Nima Yousefpoor and Subhashish Bhattacharya North Carolina State University Disasters and Emergencies Management Acceleration of Renewable Integration Creating more Efficient Market Transmission investment Deferral Reducing the Costs of Serving Loads Transformer (partial)Back-up is Needed Average age of US Transformers is 40 years Transformers can have more than 3 years manufacturing lead time Transmission transformers are no more 99.999% reliable Power Flow Controller/Router for Intermittent Renewable Generations is Needed Active mobile substations Accelerate renewable integration Leverage different R&D programs on advanced high voltage devices and medium frequency magnetics V s V r Power System 50% 50% 1p.u. power Similar Transformers Passive Solution Unified Modular Transformer Converter System V P1 V P2 V Pn V S1 V S2 V Sm Switch Network SELECTED REFERENCES 1. http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/page/disturb_events_archive.html. 2. K. H. LaCommare, and J. Eto, “Cost of power interruptions to electricity consumers in the United States,” LBNL report-58164, 2006. 3. D. Woodcock, “Transformer fleet health and risk management,” IEEE PES Transformer Committee Tutorial, 2007. 4. http://www.nerc.com/filez/tadswg.html 2008-09 & RMWG 2011. 5. E. Muljadi, “New challenges in high penetration wind power generation,” NREL, 2010. 6. B. Parkhideh, and S. Bhattacharya, “Active power transfer capability of FACTS devices based on angle control,” IEEE ECCE’09. 7. H. Mirzaee et. al, “Design Comparison of High Power Medium-Voltage Converters based on 6.5kV Si- IGBT/Si-PiN JBS diode, and 10kV SiC MOSFET/SiC-JBS diode“ presented at IEEE ECCE 2011. IEEE 30 Bus Test System Desired Flexible Frame for the Transmission Controller Normal Conditions • Power Router • Trafo Life Extender Midwest Region Low Availability ~$14B Assets Seasonal Change of Renewables Underutilization Assets V s V r Power System G G r r C r C 14 15 18 19 16 20 17 10 21 22 24 23 r 30 29 27 28 25 26 1 2 3 4 12 5 7 9 13 8 C 11 MTC-CSTC Distributed Control Mode MTC-CSTC MTC-CSTC G G r r C r C 14 15 18 19 16 20 17 10 21 22 24 23 r 30 29 27 28 25 26 1 2 3 4 12 5 7 9 13 8 C 11 Distributed & Centralized Control Mode MTC-CSTC MTC-CSTC MTC-CSTC Towards fractionally rated solution! Contingency Relief Strategy 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 Time(s) DC Voltage (PU) 90% 1PH Voltage Sag in Hybrid Power System Applications- Transformer Back-up Proposed Controller Common Controller Several Testbeds at FREEDM to Develop MTC ABB MTC a fractional rated solution! MTC Topologies-Efficiency vs. semiconductor vs, control Controller Development under Normal and Fault Conditions 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 Transformer Power Flow (PU) P_trafo Q_trafo Power Flow Control -1.25 -0.75 -0.25 0.25 0.75 1.25 24-Pulse Converter Voltages at the Interfacing Trafo (PU)
