Back-End Structures and Front End VisualizationsDAMA Minnesota

Matthew Israelson19 November, 2014

About Us

IHME is an independent global health research center at the University of Washington

Vision: Provide high-quality information on population health, its determinants, and the performance of health systems.

Mission: Improve the health of the world’s populations by providing the best information on population health.

Method: Produce rigorous and comparable measurements.

For general information Phone: +1-206-897-2800Fax: +1-206-897-2899ihme@healthdata.org

A Short History

Started in 2007 and continuing to grow into 2014

• July 2007: Founding of IHME with support from Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the state of Washington

• July 2009: Published the Financing Global Health (FGH) report

• June 2010: Graduated the first Masters of Public Health

• March 2011: Launched the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) at the Global Health Metrics and Evaluation conference

• December 2012: The Lancet published The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010)

• December 2014: First annual update with GBD 2013

Agenda

Back End Structures

Front End Visualizations

• Data Collection

• Infrastructure

• Modeling and Analysis

• Audience

• Outreach

• Visualizations

Back-End Structures

Data Collection

Infrastructure

• Process

• Collection

• Cataloging

• People

• Networking

• Technology

Modeling & Analysis

• GBD

• Data model

• Deliverables

Locate data

Acquire data

Catalog dataExtract data

Identify gaps

Overview the data cycle

Search for new health sources from:

• Government and NGO websites

• Databases

• Expert advice

• Literature

Negotiate with providers for access

• Formal requests

• Collaboration

• DUA / MOU / IRB

• Payment

Add to the GHDx

• Assign NID

• Create citation

• Add keyword

• Attach files

Provide data to our researchers

• Notify teams

• Extract data

• Import to research databases

• Provide sourcing

Analyze results to identify data gaps

• Years

• Causes

• Countries

• Etc.

What we collect

Health SurveysCensus RecordsSurveillance SystemsDisease RegistriesVital RegistrationHospital RecordsFinancial RecordsLiteratureEstimates Ja

nuar

y, 2

011

Janu

ary,

201

2

Janu

ary,

201

3

Janu

ary,

201

4

Oct

ober

, 201

40

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

5500 7000

14000

28000

43000

# of Records in the GHDx

How we collect it

Added 15,000 new sources of data since January• Not everything is on the Internet• 900+ “high-touch” requests

• Applications• Data Use Agreements• IRB Approval• Restricted Data

A project management tool is essential• Adopted JIRA in 2013

Sourcing data

Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx)• Centralized citation database for IHME• Ensures same citation for the same data• Allows us to source all data points• http://ghdx.healthdata.org/

GHDx• Nids• All metadata• Citations

Federated• Citations• Accessed date• Publication status• Nids

Research databases• Nids

Not publicly accessiblePublicly accessible

Organizing Data LIVE DEMOhttp://ghdx.healthdata.org/

The people

Board of Directors & Scientific Oversight Group

210 Employees• Professors: 20+• Researchers: 90+• IT: 20+• Staff: 80+

16 Affiliate Professors

GBD Expert Collaborators

The GBD network

GBD enrolled 1,095 collaborators from 107 countries

Networking as an enabler

The collaborative network enhances the GBD• Assess the validity of country results• Identify missing datasets or incorrect interpretations of data• Interpret findings and facilitate country policy translation• Assist with acquiring new sources of data• Publish papers using GBD results

The size of the network demands new ways to manage contacts• CRM is an immediate priority

The technical infrastructure

Capacity of 250 TerabytesAccess limited to IHMELimited Use Access• Restricted to named researchers• Controlled or sensitive datasets

• Cluster for running Stata and R jobs (Sun Grid Engine)• Largest capacity at the University of Washington• Capacity to increase 10x for projections

IT requirements for GBD

12+ major database8 ServersCluster (STATA; R)

Primary databases for GBD

Cod Shared

Covariates GHDx

Epi Risk

Idie2 GBD results

mortality Codmod

GBDviz GBDx2.0

– every day, all day

The Global Burden of Disease (GBD)

A systematic, scientific effort to quantify the comparative magnitude of health loss due to diseases, injuries & risk factors.

• GBD 2010 published by The Lancet• GBD 2013 to be published in 2014• Annual updates to follow

GBD 2010 GBD 2013

Diseases and injuries 291 322

Sequelae 1,160 2,435

Risk factors 67 68

Countries 187 188

Years 1990-2010 1990-2013

Measuring burden of diseases and injuries

Data Inputs for GBD

Population-based Encounter-level Other

• Vital registration• Censuses• Surveys• Verbal autopsy• Disease registries• Surveillance

systems

• Hospital records• Ambulatory

records• Primary care

records• Claims data

• Literature reviews• Sensor data• Mortuaries/burial

sites• Police records

Defining analysis

Task of the analysts• Research• Prep data• Write code• Review estimates• Interpret results• Publish

Mortality

2Causes

of death

3

Nonfatal health

outcomes

4

Risk factors

5

Co-variate

s

1

YLLs/ YLDs/ DALYs

6

Main components of the data model

Processes within the data model

Deliverables

All-cause mortality rates Deaths by cause (1980-2013)Years of life lost (YLLs)Years lived with disability (YLDs)Disability adjusted life years (DALYs)

188 Countries322 Disease and Injuries68 Risk FactorsMen and Women20 Age Groups1990-2013

At least 1,000 draw calculations per estimate based on known data points and uncertainty

1.03 billion estimates

COOPER LIVE DEMOhttp://ghdx.healthdata.org/

cooper

Front End Visualizations

Purpose & Audience

Traditional Outreach

• Audience

• Underlying principles

• Publications

• Media

• Other approaches

Interactive Visualizations

• Key Uses

• Development

• Demonstrations

Audience

Communicating data for impact

Audiences and characteristics• Casual user• Data actor• Data analyst• ResearcherGranularity of dataType of tool or visual

http://bit.ly/1mogRom

Designing for the right audience

Casual User Data Actor Analyst

• Infographics• Illustrative

diagrams• Narrative

visualizations

• Press releases

• Reports• Briefs• Search tools• Limited

interactive visualizations

• Query tools• Exploratory

visualizations• API

Researcher

• Query tools• Exploratory

visualizations• Data catalog

– repository• Methods

IHME outreach

Research ArticlesPolicy ReportsBrochuresCountry ProfilesInfographicsNewslettersPresentationsVideosVisualizations

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 20140

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

4

810

14

25

17

2730

IHME Research Articles

Policy reports, articles & profiles

Note………

Infographics

Note………

News Articles

Blogging and newsletters

Twitter

@IHME_UW

reddit

Video

Open Source Tools

Note………

Key uses for visualizations

1. Review input data & launch models2. Review results3. Obtain feedback from collaborators/

experts

4. Communicate results5. Use as presentation / teaching aid6. Convince data owners to share data

Researchers

Different Audiences

The development process

1. Contact product owner2. Identification of relevant audience(s)3. Business and technical requirements4. Creation of appropriate design 5. Development (using Agile/Scrum)6. Testing & initial user feedback7. Launch under embargo (journalists)8. Public launch9. Feedback collection

Visualizations LIVE DEMO

GBD Comparehttp://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-

compare/

GBD Cause Patternshttps://www.healthdata.org/data-

visualization/gbd-cause-patterns

Visualizations LIVE DEMO

US Health Maphttp://vizhub.healthdata.org/us-health-map/

Tobacco Burden Visualizationhttp://vizhub.healthdata.org/tobacco/

Millennium Development Goalshttp://vizhub.healthdata.org/mdg//

Summary

• Gather and organize the data• Utilize that information• Inform and empower your audience

Contact me:Matthew Israelson

misra@uw.edu