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Back to the future in subtitlingBack to the future in subtitling
77thth May 2008 May 2008
Dr Jorge Díaz-CintasImperial College London
Number of channels
Analogue / digital eraLineal to interactive
Multimedia programmesVideo games, interactive software
InternetBroadcast > > > narrowcast & webcastPersonal use
blogs, YouTube
Commercial useNewspapers, TV channels, advertising, films to download, etc.BBC iPlayer
Fansubs, fandubs, webtoons, scanlations...
On the go technologyPodcasts
Distribution of AVTDistribution of AVT
8-digit time codeLaser & electronic subtitlingDedicated software
FreewareSound recognitionVoice recognitionShot recognition
DVD > Blu-rayMachine translation
Translate TVMusa (Multilingual Subtitling of Multimedia Content)E-titleSync-now
Technical & Digital RevolutionTechnical & Digital Revolution
Better image qualityGreater memoryVersatile: audio, video, documents...Television & computerEasy access to material: researchPromotion of accessibility
Deaf and Hard-of-HearingIntralingual and interlingual
Blind and Partially SightedAudio description & Audio subtitling
DVD > Blu-ray DVD > Blu-ray (1/2)(1/2)
QuantityMusicCorporate DVDsExtras & collector’s editionsRe-launch of old and classical filmsTV series
TypologyClose / openInterlingual / intralingualInterlingual SDHDidactic
Quality (?)
DVD > Blu-rayDVD > Blu-ray (2/2)(2/2)
Subtitles
Dialogue exchange Dialogue exchange (1/5)(1/5)
Dialogue exchange Dialogue exchange (2/5)(2/5)
Dialogue exchange Dialogue exchange (3/5)(3/5)
Dialogue exchange Dialogue exchange (4/5)(4/5)
Dialogue exchange Dialogue exchange (5/5)(5/5)
ColoursColours
Add-on subtitles Add-on subtitles (1/2)(1/2)
Add-on subtitles Add-on subtitles (2/2)(2/2)
Number of lines Number of lines (1/2)(1/2)
Number of lines Number of lines (2/2)(2/2)
About the translation About the translation (1/7)(1/7)
About the translation About the translation (2/7)(2/7)
About the translation About the translation (3/7)(3/7)
About the translation About the translation (4/7)(4/7)
About the translation About the translation (5/7)(5/7)
About the translation About the translation (6/7)(6/7)
About the translation About the translation (7/7)(7/7)
Verbal signs transmitted acousticallydialogue, monologue
Non-verbal signs transmitted acousticallybackground noise, music…
Verbal signs transmitted visuallycredits, letters, documents, banners…
Non-verbal signs transmitted visuallygestures, kinesics…
Dynamic nature of subtitles
Semiotic dimensionSemiotic dimension
HeroesHeroes
NarutoNaruto
Big AdBig Ad
Night Watch – Nochoi DozorNight Watch – Nochoi Dozor
Back to the futureHybridisationSDH
Cohabitation on DVDSDH teletext onto DVDDigital technology: emoticons
ComicsVideo gamesFansubs
Subbing
Subtitles need to meet certain technical & editorial quality standards in order to be useful to viewers.
ChangesChanges
Fansubs Fansubs (1/3)(1/3)
Fansubs Fansubs (2/3)(2/3)
Fansubs Fansubs (3/3)(3/3)
PresentationTypography varies according to fansub groupUse of colours to identify charactersNumber of lines varies“Footnotes” on the top of the screenPosition of subtitles variesCorrect synchrony Karaoke subtitles for songs: opening & endingOmission – creditsAddition – fansubtitlers
Perspectives: Studies in TranslatologyVol. 14(4), 2006
Ferrer (2005)Ferrer (2005)
New consumer breedImplications for the translationImplications for the professionNew conventions to stay?Creativity
SDHSign Language
Other conventions?Scanlations
ResearchAbusive / avant-garde / aesthetic Fandubs
Conclusions (?)Conclusions (?)
Vielen Dank!