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Bacterial Motility Hugh B. Fackrell

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2 8/5/2015 Presentation Outline l Bacterial Flagella l Location l Function l Structure l Bacterial vs eukaryotic flagella

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3 8/5/2015 Flagellum vs Pilus Pilus Flagellum

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4 8/5/2015 Pilus (fimbriae) l An appendage of the bacterial cell used for transfer of genetic information l Plural pili

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5 8/5/2015 Pili Transfer Plasmids

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6 8/5/2015 Bacterial Flagellum l A thin appendage arising from one or more locations on the surface of the cell wall l Cellular locomotion l Moves cell along gradients e.g. glucose

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7 8/5/2015 Types of Motility l Flagellated Flagellum- l coordinated movement l tumbling movement Axial filament- spirochetes l Gliding- no visible organelles

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8 8/5/2015 Location l Polar l Subpolar l Lateral l Lophotrichous l Amphitrichous l Peritrichous l Periplasmic

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9 8/5/2015 Polar Flagellum

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10 8/5/2015 Lophotrichous Flagella Spirillum volutns two or more flagella at the end of the microbe Photographs show growth of flagella during replication

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11 8/5/2015 Amphitrichous Flagella l Tufts of flagella at BOTH ends of the microbe

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12 8/5/2015 Peritrichous Flagella

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13 8/5/2015 Flagellar tufts

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14 8/5/2015 Flagellar tufts

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15 8/5/2015 Spirochetes have Periplasmic Flagella l Periplasmic flagella are also called the axial filament

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16 8/5/2015 Axial filaments

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17 8/5/2015 Bacterial Flagellum

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18 8/5/2015 Rings of Gram Negative Flagellum l M: cell Membrane l P: Peptidoglycan l L: Outer Layer l S: Spacer

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19 8/5/2015 Flagellar Structure (details)

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20 8/5/2015 Prokaryotic Flagellum

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21 8/5/2015 Flagellar Structures

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22 8/5/2015 Assembly of Flagellum

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23 8/5/2015 Demonstration of Chemotaxis l Capillary tube contains attractant chemical l Attractants: Glucose,Maltose, Alanine l Repellents: Indole, H+, OH-, fatty acids

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24 8/5/2015 Flagellar Rotation l Clockwise: Tumbling l Counterclockwise: coordinated l Alternate between two rotations

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25 8/5/2015 Run & Tumble motility

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26 8/5/2015 Regulation of Flagellar Movement

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27 8/5/2015 Movement of Flagella l Whip l Egg beater