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Bandeirantes Landfill Gas to Energy Project
(BLFGE)April, 2007
MUNICIPAL CONCESSION OF GAS MUNICIPAL CONCESSION OF GAS EXPLORATIONEXPLORATION –– 20012001
•• PeriodPeriod ofof concessionconcession: 15 : 15 years with possibleyears with possible renewalrenewalfor for otherother 15 15 yearsyears
•• MonthlyMonthly paymentpayment for for usingusing andand exploringexploring ofof thethe biogas biogas to to São Paulo Municipality São Paulo Municipality (PMSP)(PMSP)
•• Concessor Concessor –– PMSP / PMSP / SecretarySecretary ofof GreenGreen andandEnvironmentEnvironment (SVMA)(SVMA)
THE BIOGÁS PROJECT
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ConcessionaireConcessionaire –– BiogBiogáás s Energia AmbientalEnergia Ambiental•• Arcadis Logos Arcadis Logos EnergyEnergy –– BusinessBusiness´́ss StructureStructure
•• VanVan der der WielWiel StortgasStortgas BV BV ––TechnologyTechnology
•• Heleno&Fonseca Heleno&Fonseca ConstrutConstrutéécnicacnica –– LandfillLandfill OperationOperation
THE BIOGÁS PROJECT
LandfillPopulation served: 6.000.000Owned by São Paulo Municipality and operated by contractor LOGA Year of start of operations: 1979Year of closure: March 2007Waste tonnage yearly profile: 2,000,000 ton.Types of waste disposed: Domiciliar (66,44 %), Debris (11,86 %) and others (21,70%);
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Landfill - location
Landfill – Location - 2002
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Landfill - Division
LandfillRecent aerial photo-July/2005
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Landfill EngineeringEngineering details (construction)
Gas collection system backgroundLeachate collection system background
OperationAverage depth: 70 mArea covered: 1,500,000 m²
450,000 m2 where most gas wells are
HDPE membrane (2 mm) at the bottomof 3 cells: AS-3, AS-4 and AS-5Total tonnage with gas collection:
AS-4/5-20.000.000 ton
Landfill EngineeringCompaction details: Caterpillar D6 and 816FFrequency of waste cover: once a dayType of daily cover: silty clay
40 – 60 cm depthType of final cover: silty clay
60 cm – 1 m depthIndustrial waste disposed alongsidehousehold waste until December 2004
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Drainage system from sources
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Main drainage of leachate
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Waste Composition
Source: Municipality of São Paulo -1998/2005
Construction Debris11.9%
Household Waste66.4%
Composting Sludge6.1%
Sludgy Wastewater3.7%
Commercial Residue (Restaurant,Supermarket, Office)
4.2%
Street Sweeping3.3%
Slag-Incineration1.0%
Pruning0.6%
Rain Water Galleries Sludge/Rubbish
2.6%
Open Air Markets (rotten vegetables, meat, fish)
0.2%
Organic (56% humidity): 58%
Landfill Gas Engineering
Main responsible for LFG Engineering: Van der Wiel Stortgas/ Mr. Frits WellingModelling
When LFG curve was modelled: 2003Model used: Van der Wiel’sanalyses were adapted to IPCC’sfirst order decay model.
Lo = 0.055 tCH4/t wastek = 0.105
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8 .8 6 9 ,3 310 .175,4 2
11.4 4 2 ,8 412 .0 79 ,9 6
0
5.000
10.000
15.000
20.000
25.000
30.000
1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018Year
Gas
qua
ntity
[m3/
h]
Model Real
Landfill Gas EngineeringModel results:
Fugitivegas estimate
Feasibility study for energy exploitation of biogas from the landfills of São Paulo: • Bandeirantes...........................13.2MW• São João....................................8.0MW• Santo Amaro..............................6.5MW• Vila Albertina..............................4.1MW• Total: 31,8 MW
First Study-EPA/USA-1996
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Second Study -BIOGÁS / 2001
Pump testingCarried out Systematics:
When: 2001How many wells: 03For how long: 2 months
Pump testing results:
59,70Average
58,00PD 26
61,00PD 22
60,00PD 24
CH4 %Well No
Second Study -BIOGÁS / 2001Pump testing
Pump testing results:
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
08/1
2/01
12/1
2/01
16/1
2/01
20/1
2/01
24/1
2/01
28/1
2/01
01/0
1/02
05/0
1/02
09/0
1/02
13/0
1/02
17/0
1/02
21/0
1/02
25/0
1/02
29/0
1/02
02/0
2/02
06/0
2/02
Data
Vazã
o (N
m3/
h)
VAZÃO DE BIOGÁS - SOPRADOR VAZÃO DE METANO - SOPRADOR
PD 2
4
PD 2
2, P
D 2
4, 7
0% P
D 2
6
PD 2
4
PD 2
2, P
D 2
6
PD 2
2, 5
0% P
D 2
6
PD 2
2, 6
1% P
D 2
6
24.0041.00PD 26
81.00133.00PD 22
92.00154.00PD 24
Average flow of methane (Nm3/h)
Extracted average flow of biogas (Nm3/h)Well
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Landfill Gas PlantEngineering
Designed the plant: Frits Welling / Van der Wiel Stort Gas BVConstruction
When: 2003Who built the plant : Van der Wiel Stortgas BVBrief description of the plant:
Equipment origin: Germany and Netherlands
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Landfill Gas PlantPlant recent photo:July/2006
AS 1
AS 2
AS 3
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Landfill Gas Plant
Landfill Gas PlantOperation
Who operates the plant: person: Antonio Carlos Delbin, Director/entity: Biogás Energia Ambiental S.AWhen plant started operating: dec/2003Profile of flow CH4 extracted in time (jan/04 to feb/07):
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Landfill Gas PlantProfile of gas quality in time %CH4 x time:
Average % CH4 - Jan/2004 a Feb/2007
43,00
44,00
45,00
46,00
47,00
48,00
49,00
50,00
51,00
52,00
53,00
54,00
55,00
56,00
fev/04 jun/04 out/04 fev/05 jun/05 out/05 fev/06 jun/06 out/06 fev/07
Final Capture Project
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60 Km 60 Km ofof PipesPipes HDPE (HDPE (ΦΦ 110mm ~ 110mm ~ ΦΦ 315mm);315mm);
Final Capture Project
Installation of Above-groundNetwork
HDPE (HDPE (ΦΦ 315 mm);315 mm);
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Installation of the Capture HeadstocksInstallation of 220 headstocks, HDPEInstallation of 220 headstocks, HDPE parts specialparts special
Monitoring WellsStaff Staff –– 1 experienced engineer and 4 1 experienced engineer and 4
Environmental Engineering trainees Environmental Engineering trainees Through portable devices of field: Through portable devices of field:
AnemometerAnemometer (m/s)(m/s)ManometerManometer (mbar)(mbar)Gas Gas AnalyzerAnalyzer (% CH4, CO2 e O2)(% CH4, CO2 e O2)
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Pipeline MaintenanceStaff Staff –– 1 Technical, 1 Truck Driver, 1 Machine 1 Technical, 1 Truck Driver, 1 Machine
Driver and 12 assistantsDriver and 12 assistantsEquipment: Equipment:
Landfill Gas PlantComparison: engineering vs actual project: problems: fugitive gas emissions:
• Four caps were installed in four areas. Results:• The average Methane flow in the four areas is 0.050
Nm3/h/m2
• Gas emissions from Biogás S.A Estimate in this Study: between 9,400 and 23,929 N.m ³ /h - 50% CH4.
• Van der Wiel Estimative (Gas Capture) AS-4 and AS-5: +/-22,000 Nm³/h. 50% CH4.
• Currently (Biogás S.A): 13,000 N.m³/h 50% CH4.• Difference = 9,000 N.m³/h 50% CH4.
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Comparison: engineering vs actual project: problems= leachate (chorume) and landfill stress effects.
Wellwith cap
Landfill Gas Plant
Leachate
“Because of the landfill’s horizontal and vertical movements, the wells break and leachate accumulates -> LFG extraction double barrier”
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Main IssuesSolutions under implementation/to be implemented
Suppressor
Mini HDPE Manifold
Main IssuesSolutions under implementation/to be implemented
Capture of Fugitive gas
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Landfill Gas PlantExplanation for differences
Landfill operation x LFG Plantoperation/performance
Final Remarks
Prevent the burning of the biogas in the wells (vertical drains), a consequence of high temperatures
The solution for the capture of the fugitive gas will be either to drill or to install a PEAD cap in the surface of the landfill
For a better capture efficiency the vertical gas wells shall be made of HDPE.
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BIOGBIOGÁÁS ENERGIA AMBIENTAL S ENERGIA AMBIENTAL -- UTE UTE
BANDEIRANTESBANDEIRANTESwww.biogaswww.biogas--ambiental.com.brambiental.com.br
delbin@[email protected]
THE END = THANK´S TO ALL!!!!!