Barclays premiur league

8/9/2019 Barclays premiur league

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38 matches

win - 3pnts draw 1pnts

if league is dwawn they ll seach for goal difference... goal scored -goal conceded

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[Help us with translations!]Premier LeagueFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, searchFor other uses, see Premier League (disambiguation).Premier League Premier League.svgCountries England EnglandConfederation UEFAFounded 20 February 1992Number of teams 20Relegation to Football League ChampionshipLevels on pyramid 1Domestic cup(s) FA Cup, League Cup

International cup(s) Champions League, Europa LeagueCurrent champions Manchester United (200809)Most championships Manchester United (11)TV partners Sky Sports, ESPNWebsite PremierLeague.com200910 Premier League

The Premier League is an English professional league for association football clubs. At the top of the English football league system, it is the country's primary football competition. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with The Football League. The Premier League is a corporation in which the 20 member clubs act as shareholders. Seasons run from August to M

ay, with teams playing 38 games each totalling 380 games in the season. It is sponsored by Barclays Bank and therefore officially known as the Barclays PremierLeague. In the Premier League, most of the games are played during Saturdays andSundays, with a few games played during the weekdays.

The competition formed as the FA Premier League on 20 February 1992 following the decision of clubs in the Football League First Division to break away from TheFootball League, which was originally founded in 1888, and take advantage of alucrative television rights deal. The Premier League has since become the world's most watched sporting league.[1] It is the world's most lucrative football league, with combined club revenues of 1.93 billion ($3.15bn) in 200708.[2] It is also ranked first in the UEFA coefficients of leagues based on performances in European competitions over the last five years, ahead of Spain's La Liga and Italy

's Serie A.[3]

A total of 43 clubs have competed in the Premier League, but only four have won


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the title: Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, Arsenal, and Chelsea. The current champions are Manchester United, who won their eleventh Premier League title in the 200809 season, the most of any Premier League team. This title triumph alsolevelled United and Liverpool on 18 top-flight championships altogether.Contents[hide]

* 1 Historyo 1.1 Originso 1.2 Foundationo 1.3 Establishment

* 2 Corporate structure* 3 Competition format and sponsorship

o 3.1 Competition+ 3.1.1 Qualification for European competitions

o 3.2 Sponsorship* 4 Finances* 5 Media coverage

o 5.1 United Kingdom and Ireland

o 5.2 Worldwideo 5.3 Website* 6 Criticisms

o 6.1 Widening gap between lower leagueso 6.2 "Big Four" dominanceo 6.3 Influence on the global game

* 7 Match balls* 8 Clubs

o 8.1 Members for 200910* 9 Players

o 9.1 Top scorers* 10 Awards

o 10.1 Trophy

o 10.2 Monthly and annualo 10.3 10 Seasons

* 11 See also* 12 References* 13 External links

[edit] History[edit] OriginsThe original logo of The Premier League (19922007)

Despite significant European success during the 1970s and early 1980s, the late80s had marked a low point for English football. Stadia were crumbling, supporters endured poor facilities, hooliganism was rife, and English clubs were bannedfrom European competition for five years following the events at Heysel in 1985.[4] The Football League First Division, which had been the top level of Englishfootball since 1888, was well behind leagues such as Italy's Serie A and Spain'sLa Liga in attendances and revenues, and several top English players had movedabroad.[5] However, by the turn of the 1990s the downward trend was starting toreverse; England had been successful in the 1990 FIFA World Cup, reaching the semi-finals. UEFA, European football's governing body, lifted the five-year ban onEnglish clubs playing in European competitions in 1990 (resulting in ManchesterUnited lifting the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1991) and the Taylor Report on stadium safety standards, which proposed expensive upgrades to create all-seater stadia in the aftermath of the Hillsborough disaster, was published in January of that year.[6]

Television money had also become much more important; the Football League received 6.3 million for a two-year agreement in 1986, but when that deal was renewed


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in 1988, the price rose to 44m over four years.[7] The 1988 negotiations werethe first signs of a breakaway league; ten clubs threatened to leave and form a"super league", but were eventually persuaded to stay.[8] As stadia improved andmatch attendance and revenues rose, the country's top teams again considered leaving the Football League in order to capitalise on the growing influx of moneybeing pumped into the sport.Premier League champions Season Winner

199293 Manchester United199394 Manchester United199495 Blackburn Rovers199596 Manchester United199697 Manchester United199798 Arsenal199899 Manchester United19992000 Manchester United200001 Manchester United200102 Arsenal200203 Manchester United200304 Arsenal

200405 Chelsea200506 Chelsea

200607 Manchester United200708 Manchester United200809 Manchester UnitedFurther information:English football champions[edit] FoundationSee also: Foundation of the Premier League

At the close of the 1991 season, a proposal for the establishment of a new league was tabled that would bring more money into the game overall. The Founder Members Agreement, signed on 17 July 1991 by the game's top-flight clubs, establishe

d the basic principles for setting up the FA Premier League.[9] The newly formedtop division would have commercial independence from the Football Association and the Football League, giving the FA Premier League license to negotiate its own broadcast and sponsorship agreements. The argument given at the time was thatthe extra income would allow English clubs to compete with teams across Europe.[10]

In 1992 the First Division clubs resigned from the Football League en masse andon 27 May 1992 the FA Premier League was formed as a limited company working outof an office at the Football Association's then headquarters in Lancaster Gate.[5] This meant a break-up of the 104-year-old Football League that had operateduntil then with four divisions; the Premier League would operate with a single division and the Football League with three. There was no change in competition format; the same number of teams competed in the top flight, and promotion and relegation between the Premier League and the new First Division remained on the same terms as between the old First and Second Divisions.

The 22 inaugural members of the new Premier League were Arsenal, Aston Villa, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, Coventry City, Crystal Palace, Everton, Ipswich Town, Leeds United, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Middlesbrough, Norwich City, Nottingham Forest, Oldham Athletic, Queens Park Rangers, Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday, Southampton, Tottenham Hotspur, and Wimbledon.[edit] EstablishmentSee also: List of Premier League seasons

As of the end of the 200809 season, there had been 17 completed seasons of the Premier League. The league held its first season in 199293 and was originally composed of 22 clubs. The first ever Premier League goal was scored by Brian Deane of


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Sheffield United in a 21 win against Manchester United. Due to insistence by FIFA, the international governing body of football, that domestic leagues reduce the number of games clubs played, the number of clubs was reduced to 20 in 1995 when four teams were relegated from the league and only two teams promoted. On 8 June 2006, FIFA requested that all major European leagues, including Italy's Serie A and Spain's La Liga be reduced to 18 teams by the start of the 200708 season.The Premier League responded by announcing their intention to resist such a red

uction.[11] Ultimately, the 200708 season kicked off again with 20 teams. The league changed its name from the FA Premier League to simply the Premier League in2007.[12][edit] Corporate structure

The Premier League is operated as a corporation and is owned by the 20 member clubs. Each club is a shareholder, with one vote each on issues such as rule changes and contracts. The clubs elect a chairman, chief executive, and board of directors to oversee the daily operations of the league.[13] The Football Association is not directly involved in the day-to-day operations of the Premier League, but has veto power as a special shareholder during the election of the chairman and chief executive and when new rules are adopted by the league.[14]

The Premier League sends representatives to UEFA's European Club Forum, the number of clubs and the clubs themselves chosen according to UEFA coefficients. TheEuropean Club Forum is responsible for electing three members to UEFA's Club Competitions Committee, which is involved in the operations of UEFA competitions such as the Champions League and UEFA Europa League.[15][edit] Competition format and sponsorship[edit] Competition

There are 20 clubs in the Premier League. During the course of a season, which lasts from August to May, each club plays the others twice, once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents, for a total of 38 games. Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a l

oss. Teams are ranked by total points, then goal difference, and then goals scored. At the end of each season, the club with the most points is crowned champion. If points are equal, the goal difference and then goals scored determine the winner. If still equal, teams are deemed to occupy the same position. If there isa tie for the championship, for relegation, or for qualification to other competitions, a play-off match at a neutral venue decides rank.[16] The three lowestplaced teams are relegated into the Football League Championship and the top twoteams from the Championship, together with the winner of play-offs involving the third to sixth placed Championship clubs, are promoted in their place.[17][edit] Qualification for European competitions

As of the 200910 season qualification for the UEFA Champions League changes, thetop four teams in the Premier League qualify for the UEFA Champions League, withthe top three teams directly entering the group stage. Previously only the toptwo teams qualified automatically. The fourth-placed team enters the Champions League at the play-off round for non-champions and must win a two-legged knockouttie in order to enter the group stage.[18] The fifth team automatically qualifies for the UEFA Europa League, and the sixth and seventh-placed teams can also qualify, depending on the winners of the two domestic cup competitions. If one ofthe cup winners qualifies for Europe through their league position, the sixth-placed team in the Premier League will qualify for the Europa League. If both ofthe cup winners qualify for Europe through their league position, the sixth andseventh-placed teams in the Premier League will qualify for the Europa League. Afurther place in the UEFA Europa League is available via the Fair Play initiative. If the Premier League has one of the three highest Fair Play rankings in Eur

ope, the highest ranked team in the Premier League Fair Play standings which hasnot already qualified for Europe will automatically qualify for the UEFA EuropaLeague first qualifying round.[19]


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An exception to the usual European qualification system happened in 2005, when Liverpool won the Champions League, but did not finish in a Champions League qualification place in the Premier League that season. UEFA gave special dispensation for Liverpool to enter the Champions League, giving England five qualifiers.[20] UEFA subsequently ruled that the defending champions qualify for the competition the following year regardless of their domestic league placing. However, for

those leagues with four entrants in the Champions League, this means that if the Champions League winner falls outside of its domestic league's top four, it will qualify at the expense of the fourth-placed team in the league. No association can have more than four entrants in the Champions League.

The Premier League was recently promoted to the top of the UEFA rankings of European leagues based on their performances in European competitions over a five-year period. This broke the eight-year dominance of the Spanish league, La Liga.[21] The top three leagues in Europe are currently allowed to enter four teams into the Champions League. The UEFA president Michel Platini, had proposed taking one place from the top three leagues and allocating it to that nation's cup winners. This proposal was rejected in a vote at a UEFA Strategy Council meeting.[22]

In the same meeting, however, it was agreed that the third-placed team in the top four leagues would receive automatic qualification for the group stage, rather than entry into the third qualifying round, while the fourth-placed team wouldenter the play-off round for non-champions, guaranteeing an opponent from one of the top 15 leagues in Europe. This was part of Platini's plan to increase thenumber of teams qualifying directly into the group stage, while simultaneously increasing the number of teams from lower-ranked nations in the group stage.[23][edit] Sponsorship

The Premier League has been sponsored since 1993. The sponsor has been able to determine the league's sponsorship name. The list below details who the sponsorshave been and what they called the competition:

* 19932001: Carling (FA Carling Premiership)* 20012004: Barclaycard (Barclaycard Premiership)* 20042007: Barclays (Barclays Premiership)* 2007present: Barclays (Barclays Premier League) [24]

[edit] FinancesSee also: List of Premier League football club owners

The Premier League is the most lucrative football league in the world, with total club revenues rising 26% to 1.93 billion ($3.15bn) as of 200708.[2] Eleven ofthe twenty Premier League teams made an operating profit in that year. Wage costs also reached 1.51 billion in 2007/08, considerably higher than that of the nexthighest-spending league, the Italian Serie A (at 972m). Individual salaries arerarely, if ever, confirmed in public, although a survey of players in 2006, conducted in conjunction with the Professional Footballers' Association, showed theaverage basic wage in the Premier League was 676,000 per year, or 13,000 per week, before bonuses.[25]

The Premier League's gross revenue is the fourth highest of any sports league worldwide, behind the annual revenues of the three most popular North American major sports leagues (the National Football League, Major League Baseball and the National Basketball Association), but ahead of the National Hockey League. On a per club basis, the average revenues of the 20 Premier League teams are thought to be close those of the 30-team NBA. However, there is much greater financial disparity among Premier League clubs when compared to the members of any of the "B

ig Four" North American leagues.

In terms of world football, the Premier League clubs are some of the richest in


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the world. Deloitte, who annually release figures on club revenues through its "Football Money League", listed eight Premier League clubs in the top 20 for the200506 season.[26] No other league has more than four clubs in this table, and while La Liga rivals Real Madrid and F.C. Barcelona take up two of the top 3 places, no other Spanish clubs are listed in the top 20. Premier League teams have dominated the list for many years, and even topped the list for almost a decade until the 200405 season. After the Premier League's new TV deal went into effect, t

he league-wide increase in revenues is expected to increase the Premier League clubs' standing in the list, and there is a possibility that a Premier League club will be top of the list.[26][27]

Another significant source of regular income for Premier League clubs remains their revenue from stadium attendances, which, with the 200506 average attendance of 34,364 for league matches, is the fourth highest of any domestic professionalsports league in the world, ahead of Serie A and La Liga, but behind the GermanBundesliga. This represents an increase of over 60% from the average attendanceof 21,126 recorded in the league's first season (199293).[28] However, during the199293 season the capacities of most stadia were reduced as clubs replaced terraces with seats in order to meet the Taylor Report's 199495 deadline for all-seate

r stadia.[29][30] The 200506 figure is lower than the Premier League's record average attendance of 35,464, set during the 200203 season, although average attenda

nces fluctuate depending on which teams are in the league.[31][edit] Media coverageSee also: List of Premier League broadcasters[edit] United Kingdom and IrelandSee also: English football on televisionA 2004 match between Manchester United and Tottenham Hotspur

Television has played a major role in the history of the Premier League. The money from television rights has been vital in helping to create excellence both onand off the field. The League's decision to assign broadcasting rights to BSkyBin 1992 was at the time a radical decision, but one that has paid off. At the t

ime pay television was an almost untested proposition in the UK market, as was charging fans to watch live televised football. However, a combination of Sky's strategy, the quality of Premier League football and the public's appetite for the game has seen the value of the Premier League's TV rights soar.[7]

The Premier League sells its television rights on a collective basis. This is incontrast to some European Leagues, including Serie A and La Liga, in which eachclub sells its rights individually, leading to a much higher share of the totalincome going to the top few clubs. The money is divided into three parts:[32] half is divided equally between the clubs; one quarter is awarded on a merit basis based on final league position, the top club getting twenty times as much as the bottom club, and equal steps all the way down the table; the final quarter ispaid out as facilities fees for games that are shown on television, with the top clubs generally receiving the largest shares of this. The income from overseasrights is divided equally between the twenty clubs.

The first Sky television rights agreement was worth 304 million over five seasons.[33] The next contract, negotiated to start from the 199798 season, rose to 670 million over four seasons.[33] The third contract was a 1.024 billion deal with BSkyB for the three seasons from 200102 to 200304. The league brought in 320million from the sale of its international rights for the three-year period from200405 to 200607. It sold the rights itself on a territory-by-territory basis.[34] Sky's monopoly was broken from August 2006 when Setanta Sports was awarded rights to show two out of the six packages of matches available. This occurred following an insistence by the European Commission that exclusive rights should not

be sold to one television company. Sky and Setanta paid a total of 1.7 billion,a two-thirds increase which took many commentators by surprise as it had been widely assumed that the value of the rights had levelled off following many years


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of rapid growth. Setanta also hold rights to a live 3 pm match solely for Irishviewers. The BBC has retained the rights to show highlights for the same threeseasons (on Match of the Day) for 171.6 million, a 63% increase on the 105 million it paid for the previous three year period.[35] Raidi Teilifs ireann broadcast the highlights package in Ireland. Sky and BT have agreed to jointly pay84.3 million for delayed television rights to 242 games (that is the right to broadcast them in full on television and over the internet) in most cases for a p

eriod of 50 hours after 10 pm on matchday.[36] Overseas television rights fetched 625 million, nearly double the previous contract.[37] The total raised from these deals is more than 2.7 billion, giving Premier League clubs an average media income from league games of 45 million a year from 2007 to 2010. They also receive smaller amounts from media rights for the domestic cups and in some casessubstantial amounts from media rights for European matches.

The TV rights agreement between the Premier League and Sky has faced accusationsof being a cartel, and a number of court cases have arisen as a result. An investigation by the Office of Fair Trading in 2002 found BSkyB to be dominant within the pay TV sports market, but concluded that there were insufficient grounds for the claim that BSkyB had abused its dominant position.[38] In July 1999 the P

remier League's method of selling rights collectively for all member clubs was investigated by the UK Restrictive Practices Court, who concluded that the agreement was not contrary to the public interest.[39] The BBC's highlights package onSaturday and Sunday nights, as well as other evenings when fixtures justify, will run until 2013.[40] Television rights alone for the period 2010 to 2013 havebeen purchased for 1.782bn.[41]

On 22 June 2009, due to the troubles encountered by Setanta Sports after it failed to meet a final deadline over a 30m payment to the Premier League, ESPN wasawarded the two packages of UK rights containing a total of 46 matches that wereavailable for the 2009/10 season as well as a package of 23 matches per seasonfrom 2010/11 to 2012/13.[42][edit] Worldwide

Promoted as "The Greatest Show On Earth", the Premier League is the world's mostpopular and most watched sporting league, followed worldwide by over half a billion people in 202 countries,[43] frequently on networks owned and/or controlledby NewsCorp who also own Sky Sports.

In the United States, coverage is shared between Fox Soccer Channel, Setanta Sports USA and ESPN; NewsCorp sometimes buys pitch-side advertising boards with theFox Soccer Channel logo replacing that of Sky.[44] ESPN's acquisition of UK rights was originally said to have no effect on Setanta Sports in North America, which is a separate operation that has separate agreement to show the Barclays Premier League in the U.S.[45] ESPN's U.S. channels later acquired two game packagesthat Setanta's also-financially troubled North American branch returned to NewsCorp to ensure its survival (Setanta retained about half of its original rights).

In Canada, Setanta Canada broadcasts all but two EPL games each week; Rogers Sportsnet and The Score broadcast one weekend game each. On 4 December 2009, Sportsnet announced on-air that they had secured the EPL rights for the next three years, starting with the 2010-11 season.[46]

In Australia, Fox Sports (Australia), shows the games with a Viewers Choice option for up to five live games and up to nine games live on any given game-week.[47]

The Premier League is particularly popular in Asia, where it is the most widely

distributed sports programme.[48] For example, in the People's Republic of China, matches attract television audiences between 100 million and 360 million, morethan any other foreign sport.[49] Due to this popularity, the league has held t


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hree pre-season tournaments in Asia, the only Premier League affiliated tournaments ever to have been held outside England. In July 2003, the FA Premier LeagueAsia Cup was held in Malaysia, featuring three Premier League clubs, Chelsea, Newcastle United and Birmingham City, and the Malaysia national team.[50] In 2005the Asia Trophy featured a similar format, held in Thailand and featuring the Thailand national team competing against three English clubsEverton, Manchester City and Bolton Wanderers, the last of which won the trophy.[51] In 2007, the Barcl

ays Asia Trophy was held in Hong Kong and featured Liverpool, Portsmouth, Fulhamand the Hong Kong FA Cup winning team, South China, with Portsmouth winning thecompetition.[52]

The FA has faced difficulty fighting internet copyright infringement. In an effort to stop the broadcasting of streams of live games on the net they have hiredNetResult, a company that specialises in protecting trademark rights online.[53][edit] Website

The Premier League did not launch their first official website, www.premierleague.com, until April 2002, although there was an existing website being run by thetitle sponsor Barclaycard, who intended to continue it in parallel.[54][55]

[edit] Criticisms[edit] Widening gap between lower leaguesSee also: Premier LeagueFootball League gulf

One of the main criticisms levelled at the Premier League is the increasing gulfbetween the Premier League and the Football League. Since its split with the Football League, many established clubs in the Premier League have managed to distance themselves from their counterparts in lower leagues. Owing in large part tothe disparity in revenue from television rights between the leagues,[56] many newly promoted teams have found it difficult to avoid relegation in their first season in the Premier League. In every season except 200102 (Blackburn Rovers, Bolton Wanderers and Fulham) at least one Premier League newcomer has been relegated back to the Football League. In 199798 all three promoted clubs were relegated

at the end of the season.[57]

The Premier League distributes a small portion of its television revenue to clubs that are relegated from the league in the form of "parachute payments". Starting with the 200607 season, these payments are in the amount of 6.5 million overthe club's first two seasons in lower leagues, although this rose to 11.2 million per year for clubs relegated in 20072008.[56] Designed to help teams adjust tothe loss of television revenues (the average Premier League team receives 45 million while the average Football League Championship club receives 1 million),[56] critics maintain that the payments actually widen the gap between teams that have reached the Premier League and those that have not,[58] leading to the common occurrence of teams "bouncing back" soon after their relegation. For some clubs, including Leeds United, Charlton Athletic, Nottingham Forest, Sheffield Wednesday, Bradford City, Leicester City, Southampton and most notably Wimbledon F.C. who have failed to win immediate promotion back to the Premier League, financial problems, including in some cases administration or even liquidation have followed. Further relegations down the footballing ladder have ensued for severalclubs unable to cope with the gap.[59][60][edit] "Big Four" dominance"Big Four" since the start of the Premier League[61] Season ? A ? C ?L ? M ?199293 10 11 6 1199394 4 14 8 1199495 12 11 4 2199596 5 11 3 1

199697 3 6 4 1199798 1 4 3 2199899 2 3 7 1


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199900 2 5 4 1200001 2 6 3 1200102 1 6 2 3200203 2 4 5 1200304 1 2 4 3200405 2 1 5 3200506 4 1 3 2

200607 4 2 3 1200708 3 2 4 1200809 4 3 2 1

Another major criticism is the development of the so-called "Big Four" clubs.[62] From the 199596 season onwards, the "Big Four" (Arsenal, Chelsea, Liverpool andManchester United) have dominated the top four spots, thus a place in the UEFAChampions League. Since Liverpool won the Champions League 2005, the next four consecutive seasons have seen a Big Four club reach the final. Since Blackburn Rovers lifted the trophy in 199495, only three clubs have won the Premier League title Manchester United (nine of the club's eleven titles), Arsenal (three times)and Chelsea (twice). In addition, Manchester United have not finished outside th

e top three since the formation of the Premier League, with Arsenal finishing inside the top five in all but two seasons (including 12 consecutive top 4 finishes and 8 consecutive top 2), while Liverpool, without an English league title since their pre-Premier League era win in 1990, have only finished outside the top4 twice in the last 10 years. Also, in the last three seasons, three of the "BigFour" teams have reached the Champions League semi-final stage. Chelsea hold the record for the most points in a single season (95),[63] while Arsenal are thefirst team since Preston North End in 1888-89 never to lose a single league match in one season (38 games played), earning them the nickname of "The Invincibles".[64]

Also, in the last five seasons, two members of the big four have won the Champions League (Liverpool in 2005, Manchester United in 2008) and each of the big fou

r has been a runner up in the last four years (Arsenal in 2006, Liverpool in 2007, Chelsea in 2008 and Manchester United in 2009). In recent years, the successof these clubs has led to these four teams being increasingly referred to as the"Big Four". The Big Four clubs have finished in the first four positions for the last four seasons, therefore they have all qualified for the last three seasons of the Champions League and receive the financial benefits of such qualification. The benefits, especially increased revenue, is believed to have widened thegap between the Big Four clubs and the rest of the Premier League.[62] In May 2008, Newcastle United manager Kevin Keegan said the Big Four's dominance threatened the division, saying, "This league is in danger of becoming one of the most boring but great leagues in the world."[65] Following Keegan's comments, PremierLeague chief executive Richard Scudamore defended the league, saying, "There area lot of different tussles that go on in the Premier League depending on whether you're at the top, in the middle or at the bottom that make it interesting."[66].

Marcelo Pantanella of The Times also criticised the widening financial power ofthe division's top teams, naming the Premier League the 2nd worst thing about modern football, saying "Whats changed since the Premier League broke away from theFootball League in 1992? Everything. If you won the First Division title, you were the best team in England. If you win the Premier League, you owe someone 500 million."[67][edit] Influence on the global game

Nigerian football officials have claimed the increase in popularity of the Premi

er League and subsequent world wide media coverage is having a damaging effect on the national leagues of other footballing countries, with Nigeria being a recent example, citing lower domestic attendances when games clash with Premier Leag


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ue fixtures, and the drain of young talent being lured to the Premier League bywage offers no local club can hope to match. In an extreme case of worldwide influence, after the 2008 UEFA Champions League Final, seven people died in Nigeriaafter clashes between rival supporters of Chelsea and Manchester United.[68][edit] Match balls

For the inaugural season of the Premier League, clubs were obliged to supply the

ir own match balls, which were usually provided by the clubs' kit manufacturers.In 1993, the Premier League came to an agreement with Mitre for them to supplythe league's teams with their match balls. Mitre supplied balls to the Premier League for seven years, starting with the Mitre Pro Max (19931995) and then the Mitre Ultimax (19952000)[citation needed].

The 200001 season saw Nike take over as match ball supplier, introducing the NikeGeo Merlin ball, which had been used in the UEFA Champions League. The Geo Merlin was used for four seasons before being replaced by the Nike Total 90 Aerow, which ran for another two seasons. The 200405 season also saw the introduction ofa yellow "Hi-Vis" ball for use in the winter months. Next came the Nike Total 90Aerow II, which featured an asymmetrical design to help players judge the fligh

t and spin of the ball. For the 200809 season, the official ball of the Premier League was the Nike Total 90 Omni, which featured yet another pattern in dark red

and yellow and a modified panel design, and has been replaced by the Nike T90 Ascente for the 200910 season, with blue, yellow and orange trim[citation needed].[edit] ClubsMain article: List of Premier League clubsSee also: English football champions and All-time FA Premier League table

A total of 43 clubs have played in the Premier League from its inception in 1992and the end of the 200809 season. Two other clubs (Luton Town and Notts County)were signatories to the original agreement that created the Premier League, butwere relegated prior to the inaugural Premier League season and have not subsequently returned to the top flight. For a list of all clubs past and present see L

ist of FA Premier League clubs and an amalgamated table can be found at All-timeFA Premier League table. For a list of winners and runners-up of the Premier League since its inception, and top scorers for each season, see English footballchampions.

Seven clubs have been members of the Premier League for every season since its inception. This group is composed of Arsenal, Aston Villa, Chelsea, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester United, and Tottenham Hotspur.[69][edit] Members for 200910

The following 20 clubs will compete in the Premier League during the 200910 season.Club? Position

in 200809 ? First season intop division ? Number of seasonsin top division ? Number of seasonsin the Premier League ? First season ofcurrent spell intop division ? Top divisiontitles ? Last top division title ?Arsenala,b 0044th 190405 93 18 191920 13 200304Aston Villaa,b 0066th 188889 99 18 198889 7 198081Birmingham City YYY2nd: Championship 189495 56 6 2009100 n/a

Blackburn Roversa 01515th 188889 70 16 200102 3199495Bolton Wanderers 01313th 188889 71 11 200102 0


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n/aBurnleyb ZZZ5th: Championship 188889 52 1 200910 2195960Chelseaa,b 0033rd 190708 75 18 198990 3 200506Evertona,b 0055th 188889 107 18 195455 9 198687Fulhamb 0077th 194950 21 9 200102 0 n/aHull Cityb 01717th 200809 2 2 200809 0 n/

Liverpoola,b 0022nd 189495 95 18 196263 18 198990Manchester Citya 01010th 18991900 81 13 2002032 196768Manchester Uniteda,b 0011st 189293 85 18 197576 18 20Portsmouthb 01414th 192728 33 7 200304 2 19Stoke Cityb 01212th 188889 54 2 200809 0 n/Sunderland 01616th 189091 79 9 200708 6 19Tottenham Hotspura,b 0088th 190910 75 18 197879 2 19West Ham United 179th 192324 53 15 200506 0 n/Wigan Athleticb 01111th 200506 5 5 200506 0n/aWolverhampton Wanderers XXX1st: Championship 188889 61 2

200910 3 1958

59

a: Founding member of the Premier Leagueb: Never been relegated from Premier League[edit] PlayersSee also: List of foreign Premier League playersAll-time appearances in the Premier League(Premier League appearances only) Rank Player Appearances1 England David James 5622 Wales Ryan Giggs 5393 Wales Gary Speed 5354 England Sol Campbell 4865 England Emile Heskey 457

6 England Frank Lampard 4547 England Alan Shearer 4418 England Paul Scholes 4319 England Gareth Southgate 42610 England Jamie Carragher 421As of 6 February 2010(Bold denotes players still playing in the Premier League)(Italics denotes players still playing professional football).[70]

Premier League clubs have almost complete freedom to sign whatever number and category of players they wish. There is no team or individual salary cap, no squadsize limit, no age restrictions other than those applied by general employmentlaw, no restrictions on the overall number of foreign players and few restrictions on individual foreign players all players with EU nationality, including those able to claim an EU passport through a parent or grandparent, are eligible toplay, and top players from outside the EU are able to obtain UK work permits. The only area where the Premier League's player registration rules are more restrictive than those of some other football leagues, such as those of those of Belgium and Portugal, is that academy level non-EU players have little access to English football by law.[71] Also, clubs competing in the Champions League or UEFA Europa League must comply with UEFA's player-eligibility rules for those competitions.

At the inception of the Premier League in 199293, just eleven players named in the starting line-ups for the first round of matches were 'foreign' (players haili

ng from outside of the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland).[72] By 200001, thenumber of foreign players participating in the Premier League was 36%. In the 200405 season the figure had increased to 45%. On 26 December 1999, Chelsea became


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the first Premier League side to field an entirely foreign starting line-up,[73] and on 14 February 2005 Arsenal were the first to name a completely foreign 16-man squad for a match.[74] No English manager has won the Premier League; the four managers to have won the title comprise two Scots (Alex Ferguson (ManchesterUnited, eleven wins) and Kenny Dalglish (Blackburn Rovers, one win), a Frenchman (Arsne Wenger, Arsenal, three wins) and a Portuguese (Jos Mourinho, Chelsea,two wins).

In response to concerns that clubs were increasingly passing over young Britishplayers in favour of signing less-expensive foreign players, in 1999, the Home Office tightened its rules for granting work permits to players from countries outside of the European Union.[75] Currently a non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75% of its competitive 'A' teammatches for which he was available for selection during the previous two years,and his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years. If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal if they believe that he is a special talent and "able to contribute significantly to the development of the game at the top level in the UK."[71]

Over 260 foreign players compete in the league, and 101 players from England's domestic leagues competed in the 2002 FIFA World Cup in Korea and Japan. At the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany, the Premier League was the most represented league with more than eighty players in the competition, including 21 of the 23 players in England's squad.

As a result of the increasingly lucrative television deals, player wages rose sharply following the formation of the Premier League. In the first Premier Leagueseason the average player wage was 75,000 per year,[76] but subsequently roseby an average 20% per year for a decade,[77] peaking in the 200304 season, when the annual salary of the average Premier League player was 676,000.[78]

The record transfer fee for a Premier League has been broken several times overthe lifetime of the competition. Prior to the start of the first Premier Leagueseason Alan Shearer became the first British player to command a transfer fee ofmore than 3 million.[79] The record rose steadily in the Premier League's first few seasons, until Alan Shearer made a world record breaking 15 million moveto Newcastle United in 1996.[79] This stood as a British record for four years until it was eclipsed by the 18 million Leeds paid West Ham for Rio Ferdinand.[79] Manchester United subsequently broke the record three times by signing Ruud van Nistelrooy, Juan Sebastin Vern and Rio Ferdinand.[80][81] Chelsea broke therecord in May 2006, when they signed Andriy Shevchenko, from AC Milan. The exact figure of the transfer fee was not disclosed, but was reported as being around30 million.[82] This was eclipsed by Manchester City's transfer of Robinho from Real Madrid on 1 September 2008 for 32.5 million.[83]

David James holds the record for the most Premier League appearances, overtakingthe previous record held by Gary Speed of 535 appearances in February 2009.[84][edit] Top scorersAll-time top scorers in the Premier League(Premier League goals only) Rank Player Goals1 England Alan Shearer 2602 England Andrew Cole 1873 France Thierry Henry 1744 England Robbie Fowler 1635 England Les Ferdinand 1496 England Teddy Sheringham 147

7 England Michael Owen 1468 Netherlands Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink 1279 Trinidad and Tobago Dwight Yorke 123


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10 Republic of Ireland Robbie Keane 121As of 29 December 2009(Bold denotes players still playing in the Premier League)(Italics denotes players still playing professional football).[70]Further information: Top Scorer (Golden Boot) by season, List of Premier Leaguehat-tricks, List of football players with a Premier League medal

Players in the Premier League can compete for the informal competitions of Goalof the Month and Goal of the Season. Other titles players compete for include the top-scorer for a season. Former Blackburn Rovers and Newcastle United strikerAlan Shearer holds the record for most Premier League goals with 260. Shearer finished among the top ten goal scorers in 10 out of his 14 seasons in the PremierLeague and won the top scorer title three times. During the 199596 season he became the first player to score 100 Premier League goals.[85] Since then, 16 otherplayers have reached the mark, with Wayne Rooney being the most recent when hescored against Arsenal at Emirates Stadium on 31 January 2010.[86]

Since the first Premier League season in 199293, 13 different players have won orshared the top scorers title. Thierry Henry won his third consecutive and fourt

h overall scoring title by scoring 27 goals in the 200506 season. This surpassedShearer's mark of three titles which he won consecutively from 199495 through 199

697. Other multiple winners include Michael Owen and Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink whohave won two titles each. Andrew Cole and Alan Shearer hold the record for mostgoals in a season (34) for Newcastle and Blackburn respectively. Cole's record came in the 199394 season, while Shearer's came in 199495, both of which were 42-game seasons.[87] Shearer's mark of 31 goals from a 38-game season in 199596 was equalled in the 200708 season by Cristiano Ronaldo, a mark which surpassed the record of most goals by a midfielder in a season.[88]

Manchester United became the first team to have scored 1,000 goals in this league after Cristiano Ronaldo scored, in a 41 defeat of Middlesbrough, in the 200506 season, having been the first team to have conceded a Premier League goal followi

ng the League's inception. Arsenal, Chelsea and Liverpool are the only other teams to have reached the 1,000-goal mark.[89][90] The highest-scoring match to date in the Premier League occurred on 29 September 2007 when Portsmouth beat Reading 7-4. Five goals is the record individual scoring total for a player in a single Premier League game, and as of November 2009, only three players had achievedthis feat, Andy Cole first, followed by Alan Shearer and then Jermaine Defoe.[91] Only Ryan Giggs of Manchester United has scored in all 18 Premier League seasons.[92][edit] Awards[edit] TrophyThe Premier League trophy

The current Premier League trophy was created by Royal Jewellers Asprey of London. It weighs 4 st (25 kg; 56 lb), and is 76 cm (30 in) tall, 43 cm (17 in) wideand 25 cm (9.8 in) deep. Its main body is solid sterling silver and silver gilt,while its plinth is made of malachite, a semi-precious stone. The plinth has asilver band around its circumference, upon which the names of the title-winningclubs are listed. Malachite's green colour is also representative of the green field of play.[93] The design of the trophy is based on the heraldry of Three Lions that is associated with English football. Two of the lions are found above the handles on either side of the trophy the third is symbolised by the captain ofthe title winning team as he raises the trophy, and its gold crown, above his head at the end of the season.[93] The trophy has borne several names on its facesince it was first created, when it read "The F.A. Premier League". The one Manchester United lifted in 200607 read "The Barclays Premiership". From the 200708 s

eason onwards, the trophy has read "Premier League" on one side and "Barclays Premier League" on the other.[citation needed]


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In 2004, a special gold version of the trophy was commissioned to commemorate Arsenal winning the title without a single defeat.[94][edit] Monthly and annual

In addition to the winner's Trophy and the individual Winner's Medals, the Premier League also awards the monthly, Manager of the Month and Player of the Monthawards, and the annual Manager of the Year and Golden Glove awards.

[edit] 10 SeasonsMain article: Premier League 10 Seasons Awards

In 2003, the Premier League celebrated its first decade by holding the 10 Seasons Awards:

* Teams of the Decade:o Domestic: David Seaman, Gary Neville, Tony Adams, Steve Bruce, Stuar

t Pearce, David Beckham, Paul Ince, Paul Scholes, Ryan Giggs, Alan Shearer, Michael Owen

o Overseas: Peter Schmeichel, Dan Petrescu, Jaap Stam, Marcel Desailly, Denis Irwin, Freddy Ljungberg, Patrick Vieira, Roy Keane, Robert Pires, Thierr

y Henry, Eric Cantonao Overall: Peter Schmeichel, Gary Neville, Tony Adams, Marcel Desailly, Denis Irwin, David Beckham, Patrick Vieira, Paul Scholes, Ryan Giggs, Alan Shearer, Eric Cantona

* Overall Player of the Decade - Alan Shearer* Domestic Player of the Decade - Alan Shearer* Overseas Player of the Decade - Eric Cantona* Goal of the Decade - David Beckham, 17 August 1996, Wimbledon v. Mancheste

r Utd* Save of the Decade, Peter Schmeichel, 21 December 1997, Newcastle United v

. Manchester Utd* Match of the Decade - Liverpool 43 Newcastle United, 3 April 1996

* Photograph of the Decade - Phil Noble (PA), 11 September 1999, Michael Owen miss against Manchester United

* Commentator of the Decade - Martin Tyler of Sky Sports

* Quote of the Decade - "I would love it if we beat them. Love it!", Kevin Keegan, 29 April 1996

* Manager of the Decade - Sir Alex Ferguson* Outstanding Contribution - Alan Shearer* Contribution to the Community - Lucas Radebe* Most Appearances - Gary Speed (352)* Goalkeeper with most clean sheets - David Seaman (130)* Most Coaching Appearances - Sir Alex Ferguson (392)* 10,000th Goal - Les Ferdinand, 15 December 2001, Tottenham Hotspur v. Fulh

am* Top Goalscorer - Alan Shearer (204)

[edit] See alsoEnglish football portal

* List of English Football League managers by date of appointment* Football records in England

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Richest clubs: (Deloitte list) (Forbes' list) Team owners Average attendances Transfer records Game 39 Premier LeagueFootball League gulf Relegated teams (2005 onwards)Associated competitionsAsia Trophy FA Community Shield UEFA Champions League UEFA Europa League Women's League Reserve League Academy League[show]v d ePremier League teams200910 teamsArsenal Aston Villa Birmingham City Blackburn Rovers Bolton Wanderers Burnley Chelsea Everton Fulham Hull City Liverpool Manchester City Manchester United Portsmouth Stoke City Sunderland Tottenham Hotspur West Ham United Wigan Athletic Wolverhampton WanderersFormer teamsBarnsley Bradford City Charlton Athletic Coventry City Crystal Palace Derby County Ipswich Town Leeds United Leicester City Middlesbrough Newcastle United Norwich City Nottingham Forest Oldham Athletic Queens Park Rangers Reading Sheffield United Sheffield Wednesday Southampton Swindon Town Watford West Bromwich Albion Wimbledon[show]v d ePremier League seasonsFootball League 199293 199394 199495 199596 199697 199798 199899 190

200001 200102 200203 200304 200405 200506 200607 200708 200809 [show]


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English football league system Level 1Promotion to: none (top level)Relegation to: Football League Championship[show]v d eFootball in EnglandThe Football Association

National teamsEngland B C U-21 U-20 U-19 U-18 U-17 U-16League systemPremier League The Football League (Championship League One League Two) Football Conference (National North South) Northern Premier (Premier Division Division One North Division One South) Southern League (Premier Division DivisionOne Midlands Division One South & West) Isthmian League (Premier Division Division One North Division One South)Domestic cupsFA Cup Football League Cup FA Community Shield Football League Trophy FATrophy Conference League Cup FA Vase FA NLS CupList of clubs Venues (Listed by capacity) Competitions Trophies and Awards

Records[show]v d eFootball in the United KingdomEnglandNational team The FA Footballing history National team history Premier League FA Cup Carling Cup Football in EnglandScotlandNational team The SFA Footballing history National team history ScottishPremier League Scottish Cup Co-operative Insurance Cup Football in ScotlandWalesNational team FAW National team history Welsh Premier League Welsh Cup

Football in WalesNorthern IrelandNational team IFA National team history IFA Premiership Irish Cup Football in Northern IrelandUnited KingdomNational football team British Home Championship Rous Cup 4 Associations'Tournament Empire Exhibition Trophy Coronation Cup Texaco Cup Anglo-Scottish Cup FAW Premier Cup Setanta Sports Cup International Football Association Board England and Scotland football rivalry[show]v d eTop level football leagues of Europe (UEFA)Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosniaand Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark England Estonia Faroe Islands Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Israel Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malta Moldova Montenegro Netherlands Northern Ireland Norway Poland Portugal Republic of Ireland Romania Russia San Marino Scotland Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine WalesFormer leagues: Czechoslovakia East Germany Soviet Union YugoslaviaThis is a featured article. Click here for more information.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premier_League"Categories: Premier League Football competitions in England National footbal

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