Base Operating System Services CLR Transactions Storage Protocols Network Services K e r n e l M o d e Base Class Libraries Memory Manager Hosting Layer Code Execution Loader Security Serialization Lightweight Transactions Transaction Coordinator Kernel Transaction Manager Logging Service Kernel Hardware Abstraction Layer Process Manager Security Reference Monitor LPC Facility Memory Manager Power Manager Config Manager Plug and Play Transacted NTFS Cache Manager Universal Data Format Filter Engine TPC, UDP IPV4, IPV6 IPSEC QOS HTTP Listener Internet Connection Firewall Demand Activation and Protocol Health PNRP Native WiFi SIP TCP Listener UDP Listener IPC Listener Network Class Library GDI/GDI+ Window Manager Global Audio Engine DirectX Graphics Graphics drivers DDI Input Manager Audio Drivers DirectX Graphics Mini port Redirectors SCSI/FC 802.3 802.11 .. Device Drivers Management Presentation Data Communication WinFS Indigo Make the connection Windows Forms Avalon ASP.NET ObjectSpaces DataSet SQL XML Providers F r a m e w o r k Services Schemas Data Model ADO.NET Connectivity Synchronization (WinFS, Win32..) InfoAgent (PreferenceRules..) FileSystem Services (MetaDataHandlers..) Calendar Media Document … Items Relationships Extensions Communications Manager (Port) Messaging Services Transport Channels (IPC, HTTP, TCP…) IO Manager Channels (Datagram, Reliable, Peer, …) Policy Engine Message Encoder Channel Security Queuing Eventing Routing Transaction Desktop Services Desktop Window Manager Presentation Object Manager Desktop Composition Engine Animation and Composition Media Services Hardware Rendering Media Processing Capture and Sourcing Software Rendering and Sinks Adaptive UI Engine Page/Site Composition Personalization and Profiling Services Membership and Security Services Designer Services Controls Interop Engine Controls Windows Forms Application Services Application Deployment Engine (Click-Once) People Group Identity & Security System Collaboration People and Groups Collaboration History Real-Time Activities Signaling Federation System Services FAT 16/32 Filter Manager Distributed File System Backup / Restore File Replication Service Virtual Disk Service M o d e l s Service Object T/SQL XML Document UI Media
ASP.NETASP.NET .container.container.exe.exe NT ServiceNT ServiceDllHostDllHost
Messaging Services
System Services
QueuingQueuing
RoutingRouting
EventingEventing
……
Transaction Transaction
Federation Federation
……
Indigo ArchitectureIndigo Architecture
4
“Indigo” And Transactions
Map
WinFSStore
Objects are added to change list as app. makes changesItemContext.Update saves changes back to storeIf another application has modified data a “change collision” event is raised
Objects are added to change list as app. makes changesItemContext.Update saves changes back to storeIf another application has modified data a “change collision” event is raised
The Change ListThe Change List
UpdateUpdate ID = 1, Remove ID = 2, Create ID = 3, ...
Modified
Removed
Added
Remove
Modify
Add
ItemContext
ApplicationChangeCollisionEvent
ID=1
ID=2
ID=3
Ch
an
ge
List
Longhorn ApplicationLonghorn Application
Relationship ExamplesRelationship Examples/
Id: 0
FolderId: 1
ContactId: 2
ContactId: 3
FolderId: 10
ContactId: 11
Document Id: 12
ImageId: 15
DocumentId: 16
ImageId: 20
YourFolderMyFolder
C1C2 C3 D1C4
Document Id: 30
D2
ImageId: 21
Reference
Embedding
Holding
Support Your Garbage CollectorSupport Your Garbage Collector
Use an efficient “allocation profile”Short lived objects are cheap (but not free)Don’t have a “midlife crisis” (churn gen2)Review with perfmon counters, CLR Profiler
Avoid common GC pitfallsKeeping refs to “dead” object graphs
A subtle problem, as old as the hills
Implicit boxingPinning young objectsGC.Collect considered harmfulFinalization ...
Use an efficient “allocation profile”Short lived objects are cheap (but not free)Don’t have a “midlife crisis” (churn gen2)Review with perfmon counters, CLR Profiler
Avoid common GC pitfallsKeeping refs to “dead” object graphs
A subtle problem, as old as the hills
Implicit boxingPinning young objectsGC.Collect considered harmfulFinalization ...
Compilation ModesCompilation Modes
Compilation ModesCompilation Modes
Compilation ModesCompilation Modes
Compilation ModesCompilation Modes
Compilation ModesCompilation Modes
Cleanup: Less Code, More ControlCleanup: Less Code, More Control
The CLR state of the art is great for memoryIt’s not great for other resource types:
Having lots of finalizers doesn’t scale, and usually the finalizer is run too late. Examples: files, database connections, locksThe Dispose pattern (try-finally, or C# “using”) tries to address this, but is fragile, error-prone, and requires the user to write more code
Instead of writing try-finally or using blocks:Users can leverage a destructor. The C++ compiler generates all the Dispose code automatically, including chaining calls to Dispose. (There is no Dispose pattern)Types authored in C++ are naturally usable in other languages, and vice versaC++ choice: Correctness by default, speed by choice.(Other langs: Speed by default, correctness by choice)
The CLR state of the art is great for memoryIt’s not great for other resource types:
Having lots of finalizers doesn’t scale, and usually the finalizer is run too late. Examples: files, database connections, locksThe Dispose pattern (try-finally, or C# “using”) tries to address this, but is fragile, error-prone, and requires the user to write more code
Instead of writing try-finally or using blocks:Users can leverage a destructor. The C++ compiler generates all the Dispose code automatically, including chaining calls to Dispose. (There is no Dispose pattern)Types authored in C++ are naturally usable in other languages, and vice versaC++ choice: Correctness by default, speed by choice.(Other langs: Speed by default, correctness by choice)
Sidebar tilesSidebar tiles
Peripheral awarenessLive dataMinimal controlsUser controls which tiles appear and whereConsumes valuable screen real estate — make the tile worth it!
Peripheral awarenessLive dataMinimal controlsUser controls which tiles appear and whereConsumes valuable screen real estate — make the tile worth it!
