BASF Specialty MonomersInnovation, Applications & Services From The Name You Know

Introduction: A World of Reasons to Choose BASF ..........................page 3

Specialty Monomers Critical Components of Success.................page 4

Selected applications of Specialty Monomers .................................page 5

Specialty Monomers Technical Data.................................................page 8

Monomers Make the Difference in These Product Categories ........page 10

Tailor-Made Customer Support .........................................................page 14

The BASF Product Stewardship Program .........................................page 15

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3A World of Reasons to Choose BASF

A global network of production facilities, continuous R&D efforts, amanagement with a sense of environmental responsibility, and mostimportant: a team of leading chemists and technicians. These are thefactors that help you to innovate and produce the best.

Imagine these resources working for you.

There are a world of reasons thatmake BASF the market leader inacrylic monomers. A glance at themap will confirm this. BASF hasmatchless international expertise.As the worlds leading chemicalcompany, only BASF produces inand markets to Europe, NorthAmerica, South America and AsiaPacific. We offer our customersglobal experience and resourcesbeyond comparison.

This is why our customers feelsecure in looking to us for pro-ducts, processes and applicationsthey can depend upon, whether instandard or specialty monomers.They know that when they selectBASF they are selecting a leader, acompany known and trusted fordecades. A company made up ofa family of professionals and facili-ties working in concert to fulfill ourcustomers needs. Your success isour success.

Specialty acrylic monomers are a critical component of many productsserving marketplaces that are constantly changing. This is why BASFplaces a high priority on the kind of research and development thatcan help our customers innovate and gain a leading position in theirmarkets.

Innovative applications of specialty and standard acrylic monomerscan provide tailor-made solutions to any number of customer chal-lenges.

Specialty Monomers Critical Components of Success

Why acrylates?

Acrylates have higher reactivity(compared to methacrylatemonomers) and therefore allowfaster polymerization.

This leads to shorter cycle timesand therefore higher productivity inpolymerization reactions comparedto Methacrylates. The faster poly-merization also leads to less resid-ual monomer concentrations in thefinal products. Consequently lesseffort and cost for deodorization andVOC removal are required.

Acrylates show a superiorcopolymerization behavior withstyrene.

Acrylates produce binders withsignificantly lower viscosity thanMethacrylates, for instance,which is important for high sol-ids products with less solventcontents.

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5Butanediol Monoacrylate (BDMA) for high scratch resistance Automotive Clearcoats

Automobile manufacturers areconstantly seeking improvementsin clearcoats and they have foundthem with specialty monomers.

BASFs specialty monomers forautomotive clearcoats provide notonly the highest scratch resistancebut also excellent chemical resist-ance and lower solvent emission.

Our hydroxy functional ButanediolMonoacrylate in combination withaliphatic and cycloaliphatic iso-cyanate crosslinkers is an idealbuilding block for a unique com-bination of scratch resistance,weatherability and flexibility.

The high reactivity of its primaryhydroxyl group makes it attractivefor one- and two-componentclearcoat systems and for low-bake applications like refinishing.The flexibility and mobility of thebutyl group even boost reactivity in crosslinking with isocyanates.

The resulting network has a higherelasticity and therefore shows anincrease in scratch resistance com-pared to HEA and HPA. In combi-nation with these Hydroxyacrylatesthe reactivity can be adjusted forbetter flow behavior during the bakeprocess.

The Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)shows that the scratch resistancefor resins containing BDMA is sig-nificantly better due to a reflowbehaviour.

For refinishing lacquers more sig-nificant are the distinctive advan-tage of BDMA containing resins inthe time required to achieve dry to sand properties.

Moreover it is very important torealize that these advantages forBDMA polymers can be achievedwith equal amounts in weight for BDMA and HEA as well. Thismeans that a lower concentrationof hydroxyl groups is sufficient toachieve these improved properties.The customer does not have touse greater amounts of BDMA tocompensate the higher molecularweight of BDMA.

Selected applications of Specialty Monomers

Left: Hard Coating, OH-Monomer: Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate

Right: Reflow Coating,Butanediol Monoacrylate

AFM pictures after brush test of two different clearcoat systems

Tertiary Butyl Acrylate (TBA) for High Solids Applications

The use of tBA has been provensuccessful for industrial and auto-motive high solid formulations.

Because of the spacious group inthe acrylic backbone, the polymerchains cannot entangle strongly.This results in a lower resin viscosity.

Formulations based on our tBAand tBMA monomers offer superiorproperties with the right balance ofhigh glass transition temperature,hydrophobicity and globular poly-mer chain structure for high solidsclearcoat solutions.

Coatings containing polymersbased on tBA are keeping highelasticity and toughness despitethe high glass transition tempera-ture.

The bulky tertiary alkyl group formsa hydrophobic shield against at-tacks by humidity and chemicalsdue to a significant decrease of the surface energy.

Today most automotive refinishapplications require two compo-nent coatings with low curingtemperatures (< 80 C) and lowsolvent contents, because theseproducts are manually applied insmaller paint shops.

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Ethyldiglycol Acrylate (EDGA) Hydrophilic modifications of adhesives

BASF offers an impressive pack-age of Standard and SpecialtyMonomers designed to meet thevarying demands of materials,environment and temperature for all adhesive applications.

They are particularly effective, forinstance, in the manufacture ofcontact adhesives where high tackand instant bond strength arerequired.

Butyl acrylate and Ethylhexyl acry-late are the basic set for adhesiveresin formulations, in combinationwith other Standard and SpecialtyMonomers.

Isobutylacrylat (iBA) boosts effec-tiveness in comonomer mixturesbased on economic standardbuilding blocks (nBA, EHA), e.g.tack modifier in adhesives andsealants or rheology adjustment in hard coatings.

Ethyldiglycol Acrylate (EDGA), anethoxylated monofunctional mono-mer, is a versatile tool for reactivepressure-sensitive or laminatedadhesives on polar surfaces, e.g.Polycarbonate.

The ethoxy group of EDGA in-creases the polymerization kineticsand could behave like an internalemulsifier in aqueous dispersions.

Adhesive formulations with stan-dard Monomers and EDGA gave a good wetting behavior on rigidpolar substrates and, after drying/curing, a good adhesion, becauseof the low shrinkage and internalplasticizing effects.

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Specialty Monomers Technical Data

Product, Structure MW TG BPCAS-No (g/mol) (C) (C)

Methacrylic Acid Glacial (MAA), 86 228 16179-41-4

Isobutyl Acrylate (IBA), 128.2 24 139106-63-8

Tertiarybutyl Acrylate (TBA), 128.2 55 1211663-39-4

Tertiarybutyl Methacrylate (TBMA), 142.2 107 136585-07-9

2-Hydroxyethyl Acrylate (HEA), 116 15 84 (10 mbar)818-61-1

2-Hydroxypropyl Acrylate (HPA), 130 7 84 (10 mbar)25584-83-2

Butanediol Monoacrylate (BDMA), 144.2 65 230 (polym.)2478-10-6

Ethyldiglycol Acrylate (EDGA), 188.3 58 99 (5 mbar)32002-24-7

Lauryl Acrylate (LA), 240.2/268.4 3 120 (1 mbar)2156-97-0

Dimethylaminoethyl Acrylate (DMA3), 143.2 1732439-35-2

Dihydrodicyclopentadienyl Acrylate (DCPA), 204.3 110 7712542-30-2

N-Vinylformamid (VFA), 71.1 94 7013162-05-5

Cyclohexyl Methacrylate (CHMA*) 168.2 83 210101-43-9

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More Information from BASF Online

A visit to our website will provide you with further information on standard and specialtymonomers as well as plenty of other information about BASF products and services.

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Vapour pressure Stabilization Purity Colour Labelling Listing(mbar at C) (ppm) (%) APHA (max)

ex works

0.89 at 20 200 20 99.5 20 C TSCA, METI,101 at 100 MEHQ EINECS

8.8 at 20 15 5 99.5 20 Xn TSCA, METI,371.4 at 100 MEHQ EINECS

16 at 20 15 5 99.0 10 F, Xn, N TSCA, METI,563.3 at 100 MEHQ EINECS

7.7 at 20 200 20 99.0 10 F, Xi TSCA, METI,MEHQ EINECS

0.1 at 20 250 50 98.5 10 T, N TSCA, METI,1.1 at 50 MEHQ EINECS

0.1 at 20 250 50 98.5 10 T TSCA, METI,1.05 at 50 MEHQ EINECS

1.3 at 80 300 50 94.0 50 Xn, N TSCA, METI,MEHQ EINECS

14.4 at 50 1000 MEHQ 90.0 150 C TSCA, METI,56.9 at 100 1000 BHT EINECS

Melting 200 50 95.0 150 Xi, N TSCA, METI,at 8 C MEHQ EINECS

1.07 at 20 800 100 MEHQ 99.0 100 T+, N TSCA, METI,8.0 at 50 1000 MEHQ + EINECS

1000 BHT for drums

0.23 at 20 300 50 95.0 Slightly Xi, N TSCA, METI,9.31 at 100 MEHQ Yellowish EINECS

0.2 at 20 50 5 98.5 Slightly Xn TSCA, METI,Piperidinyl-N-oxid Yellowish EINECS

0.4 at 20 50 5 99.0 10 Xi TSCA, METI,MEHQ EINECS

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We invite you to visit us at www.acrylicmonomers.net

* start of production first quarter 2005

BASF Speciality Monomers Make the Difference in these Product

Automotive Coatings

HEA/iBA tBA tBMA BDMA HPA EDGA LA CHMA DMA3 DCPA VFA

high scratch resistanceformulations

improved chemical

resistance

improved

weatherability

formulating high solids

Industrial/Architectural Coatings

HEA/iBA tBA tBMA BDMA HPA EDGA LA CHMA DMA3 DCPA VFA

adhesion on metal

plastics

improved weatherability

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t Categories

Structure/Property Effects

Flexibility of aliphatic butyl chain and isocyanate crosslinkers generate reflow effect results in self healing of deformation scratchesperformance and price balance w/HEA/HPA.

TBMA induces stiffness and hardness. Replaces Styrene and MMA.

Aliphatic character of the butyl- and cyclohexyl group repell polar chemicals.

Higher crosslinking density increase this effect.

Generally aliphatic non polar Monomers, e. g. TBA, TBMA, IBA, CHMA incorporate high weatherability.

Crosslinking of BDMA with isocyanates booster this effect. Reactivity can be balanced w/HEA/HPA.

Globular structure of the tertiary butyl group significantly reduce viscosity of acrylic resins solutions

High Solids applications. Higher TBA concentrations will not result in tacky films because TBA has a TG of 55 C. Combination with BDMA increase reactivity and solids content of high solids.

Structure/Property Effects

Interaction of polar end groups, as in BDMA, HEA, HPA or ionic groups, as in DMA3 and VFA with the rigid metal surface increases the wettability and adhesion.

Adhesion on plastic substrates can be improved by grafting with the cycloaliphatic double bound in DCPA.

Hydrophobic aliphatic and cycloaliphatic groups, e. g. iBA, tBA, CHMA, DCPA, for humidity/etch resistance. Copolymerisation with HEA/HPA or BDMA and crosslinking of the hydroxy groups will dramatically increase the long term outdoor weatherability.

DCPA postcuring gives higher network density improved weatherability.

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Personal Care

HEA/iBA tBA tBMA BDMA HPA EDGA LA CHMA DMA3 DCPA VFA

hydrophobicity

UV stability

Paper manufacturing

HEA/iBA tBA tBMA BDMA HPA EDGA LA CHMA DMA3 DCPA VFA

sizing surface

Adhesives

HEA/iBA tBA tBMA BDMA HPA EDGA LA CHMA DMA3 DCPA VFA

internal bond strength

wet adhesion

Water Treatment

HEA/iBA tBA tBMA BDMA HPA EDGA LA CHMA DMA3 DCPA VFA

flocculation

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Structure/Property Effects

Bulky tertiary alkyl groups build globular structures in acrylic resins, which lower the solvent viscosity and gave higher solids contents. The spacious group acts like an hydrophobic shield against moisture.

In combination with aliphatic and hydroxy acrylates, e.g. LA and BDMA, TBA booster the UV stability for outdoor applications.

Structure/Property Effects

TBA nBA Styrene formulations give an excellent balance of hydrophobicity and hardness in acrylic dispersions for paper sizing TBA improves printability of waterborne inks.

Cohesion requires high molecular weight resins with internal primary or secondary binding forces. iBA and the ether group in EDGA fulfil this structural requirements.

Structure/Property Effects

Hydroxy acrylates in combination with isocyanate crosslinkers give high bond strength and resistance.

EDGA internal hydrogen binding increase film cohesion.

Hydrogen bonding of the hydroxy group in BDMA, HEA or HPA result in better adhesion of acrylic resins on polar surfaces.

Structure/Property Effects

Copolymers of the amino functional DMA3 and VFA monomers introduce charge density in acrylic disper-sions, which bind to the surface of waste particles and causes them to agglomerate and precipitate.Because of its lower molecular weight VFA introduce the highest charge density of all known monomersand gives superior results in flocculants.

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Efficacy, safety, environmental responsibility.

At BASF we are focused onboth the effectiveness andsafety of our acrylic monomers.From research through produc-tion and application we wish to see that they are appliedprofitably as well as handledsafely and used responsibly.

This is why we participate in theResponsible Care initiatives of the European Chemical IndustryCouncil (CEFIC) and the AmericanChemistry Council (ACC).

It is also why we provide our cus-tomers with the BASF ProductStewardship Program as part ofour overall support services. ThisProgram includes:

Product Safety and HandlingTraining and Seminars

Review of Product Storage and Handling Procedures onrequest

Support for EnvironmentalIssues and Analytical andTechnical Services

Support for Toxicological,Ecotoxicological and Regu-latory Issues

Review of Draft Process &Instrumentation Diagrams forNew Storage Facilities onrequest

RESTAB EmergencyHandling for Monomers

Your contact:

Product Stewardship andSustainable Development67056 Ludwigshafen/GermanyPhone +49 621 60-93920Fax +49 621 60-6696920

The BASF Product Stewardship Program

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On-site assistance for R&Dwith BASF know-how andproducts covering analyticalquestions, formulations, reg-ulatory issues

Sampling, scale up andproduction start up, listing,labeling, etc.

Joint development of solu-tions for customers

Full access to BASF network, including R&D,analytics, pilot plants

Service for full monomerproduct line

In-depth information onapplications in new fields

BASF product seminars,workshops and briefings,presentations

BASF information material

Technical Servicesfor Customers

From R&D to production, application and regulation, BASF offers its customers a worldwide menu of support services including:

In acrylic monomers, as with all ourother products and services, BASFrealizes that in order to be yourpreferred, long-term partner, ourjob must be to make your job easi-er. To that end BASF can enlist itsworldwide resources and sevendecades of experience to providematerials, services and support tomeet your particular needs.

There are few other places in theworld you can go to find so manyanswers from a single, integrated,reliable source. At BASF we arenot just producers we are prob-lem solvers.

Tailor-Made Technical Customer Support

www.acrylicmonomers.net

For further information on Specialty Monomers you may contact any of the following addresses:

BASF AktiengesellschaftCarl-Bosch-Strasse 3867056 LudwigshafenGermanyPhone +49 621 60-91766Fax +49 621 60-6691766

BASF Japan Ltd.3-3Kioi-cho Chiyoda-ku Tokyo102-8570 TokyoJapanPhone +81 3 3238-2325Fax +81 3 3238-2501

BASF Corporation11501 Steele Creek Road28273 Charlotte, NCUSAPhone +1 704 588-5280 or

+1 800 395-5152Fax +1 704 587-7934

BASF S.A.Estrada Samuel Aizemberg, 170709851-550 ImigrantesSao PauloBrazilPhone +55 11 4343-2724Fax +55 11 4343-2140

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